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Rocks Study Guide 1. What is the rock cycle? -Processes rocks continually go through when they change from one form to another. 2. Draw the rock cycle below. Do not forget to include all types of rocks and how they change from one form to another. Pressing and Cementing Sed. Rocks Heat and Pressure Sediments Weathering and Erosion Weathering and Erosion Heat and Pressure Meta. Rocks Ign. Rocks Melting Magma Cooling and Hardening Rock Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic Types 1. Intrusive 1. Clasitc 1. Foliated 2. Extrusive 2. Chemical 2. Non-foliated 3. Organic D _____ 4 A _____ is a common structure found in metamorphic rock. a. ripple mark c. sill b. fold d. layer D _____ 5 An igneous rock that cools very slowly has a _____ texture. a. foliated c. nonfoliated b. fine-grained d. coarse-grained 6 What are igneous rocks? -rocks formed from the cooling of magma or lava, above or below the Earth’s surface. 7. Name the two basic types of igneous rocks, how they are formed, and give one example of each type? TYPE HOW FORMED EXAMPLE a. Intrusive Magma cools underground Granite b. Extrusive Lava cools on the surface Pumice 8. The process in which sediment is removed from its source and transported is called Erosion 9. What are sedimentary rocks? -Rocks that form on the surface of the Earth by rock particles being cemented together 10. Name the three major types of sedimentary rocks, how they are formed, and give one example of each type? TYPE HOW FORMED EXAMPLE a. Clastic b. organic c. Chemical broken pieces of Conglomerate rocks or minerals being Sandstone glued together remains of once living Limestone & organisms Coal minerals dissolving by weathering separate and crystallize Halite (Rock Salt) Rocks formed usually underground from intense heat and pressure 11. What are metamorphic rocks? 12. Name the two basic groups of metamorphic rocks, how they are formed, and give one example of each type? TYPE HOW FORMED EXAMPLE a. Foliated Heat and Pressure b. Non-foliated 13. heat and pressure Slate/ Gneiss Marble What property is used to classify metamorphic rocks? -whether they are banded (layered) or not 14. What is weathering? - Water, wind, ice, and gravity breaking apart rocks 15. If a rock is buried deep inside the Earth, which geological processes cannot change the rock? Explain your answer. -weathering: this process happens on Earth’s surface