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Investigation on ovine haemophilosis Mansoura, Vet.Med.J., Vol.IV, No.1 131145 Authors: Hamoda, F.K.; EL-Sawalhy, A.A.; Diab, R.A. and Mohamed, M.M Abstract: The present study was conducted to investigate the etiology of sudden clinical manifestations and some mortalities in a large farm used for breeding of Arabian horses. The most prevalent symptoms were severe colic, abdominal distention, depression, watery diarrhea with fetid feces, severe congestion of mucous membranes and excessive sweating. Affected animals were arched back with unpleasant odour of respiration. Some animals exhibited laminitis and others showed hemiplegia. Few of affected animals died within one week of onset of clinical signs. The history of the case was associated the onset of the symptoms with the entrance of new feed lots of barley. Samples were collected from barley and subjected for mycological examination where some mycotoxin producing fungi e.g. Asperigllus species (A.Flavus, A.Parasitiscus & A. Ochracious) and Fusirum species were isolated and identified. The levels of some mycotoxins e.g. aflatoxins (B1; B2; G1; G2 & M1); Ochratoxin A; Zearalenone and T2 toxins were estimated in barley and tissues of dead animals. Immunological investigation declared a degree of immunosuppressions in affected animals associated with hematological changes and a significant decrease in alfa 1 and gamma globulin. Histopathological examination revealed congestion, hemorrhage, degeneration and necrosis with mononuclear inflammatory cellular infiltration in liver, kidney and heart. Focal areas of malacia, perivascular hemorrhage, edema, neural degeneration and gliosis were the main brain lesions. Bacteriological culture of fecal samples and intestinal content of dead animals recorded salmonella, enterococci, pseudomonas, bacillus and shigella species. Published in: 2002 Investigation on tick-borne theileriosis in cattle with particular emphasis to effect of immunization with somatic antigen of Boophilus annulatus ticks on transmission and prevalence of theileriosis” Mansoura, Vet.Med.J., Vol.IV, No.1 147-164 Authors: Hamoda, F. K and Khalaf-Allah, S. S. Abstract: Kaluobia governorate, five of them were clinically normal and free from internal and external parasites, while the remaining 13 lambs suffered from bloody diarrhea and their feces had vegetative cells and oocytes of Eimeria. species. Hematological picture indicated significant decrease of erythrocytic count and hemoglobin concentration, while there was significant increase of PCV % and total leukocytic count. Differential leukocytic count showed neutrophilia, lymphopenia and eosinophilia. Serum analysis revealed significant decrease of sodium, iron, zinc, chloride, bicarbonate and total protein levels with significant increase of potassium, total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase activities. Also there were no changes of serum calcium, glucose and copper levels. Treatment of coccidiosis of lambs with sulfadimethoxine was more effective and faster than amprolium treated lambs. Published in: 2002 Clinical, virological and pathlological investigation on buffaloes papillomatosis In kaluobia governorate (Egypt). Zag.Vet.J.Vol. 30, No. 363-73 Authors: Hamoda, F.K., Shahein, M, A., Tantawy, A. A and Ahmed, M.H. Abstract: Hassan, H.Y.; Magda S EL-Sayed*; Selim, H.M.** and Hamoda, F.K***. Dept.Of Medicine.Infectious diseases, Fac.Vet.Med.Minufiya and Alexandria* Universities Dept.Of Animal Medicine. Fac.Vet.Med.Zag University ** and Benha Branch*** A total of twenty-one (21) baldly sheep (1-3 years old) belonged to private flock at ELBanger area in Alexandria governorate. Fourteen of these sheep were suffering from depraved appetite, unthriftness, rough coat and pale mucous membrane. The rest seven sheep were clinically healthy served as control group. Sheep under investigation were exposed to thoroughly clinical examination and parasitiological analysis including fecal and blood examination. These animals were free from internal and external parasitism. All animals were vaccinated with inactivated FMD vaccine. Biochemical results showed highly significant decrease in copper, iron and ceruloplasmin. Also, there were significant decrease of total protein, albumin and globulin. On the other hand, the result of hemogram showed highly significant decrease in both hemoglobin and red blood cells, while there were significant decrease in the total leukocytic count. The differential leukocytic count showed significant decrease in the lymphocyte and neutrophile. All these altered parameters retained nearly to normal within four weeks postreatment. The serological analysis showed highly significant decrease in the serum antibodies titer before and four weeks of copper treatment. On conclusion, trace elements status especially copper plays an important role in the immune response of vaccinated animals. So that repair copper deficiency before vaccination essential to ensure immunity against infectious diseases. Published in: 2002 Clinical and laboratory studies on rift valley fever vaccines of sheep. . Abstract: This study was conducted on 15 balady sheep of 1-3 year age to throw light on the effect of parasitism (mixed infestation with fascioliasis and nematodiasis) on the immune response of sheep to PPR living attenuated cell culture vaccine. Leukogram of infested vaccinated sheep declared significant reduction in the total leukocytes and lymphocytes count and significant elevation in neutrophils and eosinophils. Serum biochemical panel of infested vaccinated sheep revealed significant decrease in serum zinc, total protein, albumin, total globulin, gamma globulin, IgG, vitamins E and C and highly significant decrease in iron, copper, vitamins A and Beta-carotene in comparison to the values of these statements in control vaccinated non infested sheep. Immune response of the vaccinated animals as concluded from serum neutralization test revealed that, the infested group were responded poorly to PPR vaccine where serum neutralization antibodies titer were 2, 4 and 4 at 2WPV, 2MPV and 3MPV, respectively, while the titer in control non infested sheep was 16, 64 and 64, respectively during the same periods. So consideration is put before vaccination to investigate the vaccinated animal clinically and coprologically and the infested animals should be treated by efficient broad spectrum anthelmentics beside good management and supplementation of these animals before vaccination with such elements that have a role in the immunity and immune response to restore deficiency associated with parasitism and correction of their level to normality to obtain maximum protective immune response at the required optimum level and improve the outcome of vaccination programs Published in: 1997 Immunosuppressive effect of some water pollutants on sheep vaccinated with bivalent lamb dysentery and pulby kidney vaccines Abou-salem, M.E.,Hamoda, F.K., El-sayed, A.I., and Fathia Shafie,S.A. 7th Scientific Congress Fac. of Vet. Med. Assiut University , Egypt .(1996) Authors: El-Sawalhy, A..A., Hamoda, F.K., Khairat Abdel Megid.Elian. and Gehan, M.Kamal Abstract: Field outbreak of acute upper respiratory disease problem was highly spread among Egyptian equine population at Kaluobia and Sharkia governorates from December 1999 to April 2000 in 108 (51 donkeys, 41 horses and 16 mules) of 205 (96 donkeys, 78 horses and 31 mules) equine of different ages and sexes. Clinical examination of diseased equine revealed typical clinical signs of influenza as fever for 1-3 days, anorexia or decrease of appetite, depression, reluctance to move, rhinitis with congestion of nasal mucosae, initially serous to mucopurulent nasal discharge, listlessness, frequent severe explosive non productive (dry) cough, labored breathing or dyspnea, dilated nostrils, conjunctivitis and lung abnormality on auscultation of the chest. The characteristic features of equine influenza in susceptible animals (harsh cough, high temperature and rapid spread), history and epidemiological characteristic of the disease were sufficient to permit a tentative clinical diagnosis while definitive diagnosis was best accomplished through viral isolation and serological investigation. The trials of virus detection from nasal swabs of diseased equine by inoculation into embryonated chicken embryos revealed detection of the influenza A subtype 2 virus (A/equi/2), meanwhile virus isolation from tissue specimens of sacrificed donkeys was failed. Serological investigation (HI) revealed significant seroconversion in paired sera taken from diseased and convalescent equine. Some epidemiological parameters, hematological, serum biochemical and bacteriological analysis were investigated and discussed in the light of the pertinent literature, also clinical symptomatic treatment and lines of control were applied. Finally it could recommended that a thorough serological and virological surveillance and a complete epizootiological investigation should be undertaken allover Egypt to clarify the situation of the disease and the virus during interepizootic period and is the virus present and circulate among equine population or other reservoir subclinically during that period in Egypt? and causes new epidemics when the immunity is breakdown or is the importation of clinically or subclinically infected equine is the cause of appearance of new epidemics in Egypt ?. Trial to prepare vaccine from the circulating virus type due to anecdotal information suggests that equine influenza outbreaks have occurred previously in Egypt at 1989 and presumably will do so in the future until there is no effective vaccines prepared and used in vaccination of Egyptian equine. Published in: 1996