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Anatomy of the cervix • Cervical cancer starts in the cervix • The cervix is lined with a layer of cells called epithelial cells, which are found throughout the body • It is called cervical pre-cancer (dysplasia) when cell changes first appear, and it is critical to detect changes at this stage when progression to cervical cancer can be prevented • There are two types of cervical cancer1: -S quamous cell carcinomas begin in epithelial cells and account for about 80%–90% of all cervical cancers -A denocarcinomas begin in glandular tissue and account for 10%–20% of all cervical cancers HPV Infection and Progression* New infectious HPV HPV uterus Viral assembly Maturation of Integrated viral DNA Healthy cervical tissue hrHPV infection CIN1 Low-grade dysplasia CIN2 CIN3 Carcinoma High-grade dysplasia • It can take 10–15 years for cervical cells to change to abnormal cells and then into cervical cancer2 • Not all women who have HPV (or mild/moderate dysplasia) will develop cervical cancer glandular region References: 1. American Cancer Society. Cervical cancer: what is cervical cancer? American Cancer Society Web site. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cervicalcancer/ detailedguide/cervical-cancer-what-is-cervical-cancer. Updated March 14, 2012. Accessed December 2, 2012. 2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs): making sense of your Pap and HPV test results. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Web site. http://www.cdc.gov/std/ hpv/pap/default.htm. Reviewed January 5, 2012. Updated July 25, 2012. Accessed December 2, 2012. *Adapted from: Woodman CB, Collins SI, Young LS. The natural history of cervical HPV infection: unresolved issues. Nat Rev Cancer. 2007;7(1):11-22. doi:10.1038/nrc2050. flat squamous cells vagina ©2013 Roche Diagnostics. All rights reserved. | COBAS is a registered trademark of Roche.