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Women are at risk for specific types of cancer. Cancer is cells from the body that grow and multiply abnormally-taking energy from body and damage organ systems. Women are risk for breast and cervical cancer – which can be treated successfully if caught early. Regular screening/exams can help capture women who may be at risk and help them get treatment. Breast cancer is the most common non-skin cancer and the 2nd deadliest cancer in women. Every year approximately 192,000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer and 40,200 die of breast cancer in U.S. Risk factors for breast cancer are - age->50, female, genetic predisposition,and possibly estrogen exposure –from post menopause hormone medications. Breastfeeding – reduces a woman’s risk of breast cancer, as well as protects the baby from RSV bronchiolitis and ear infx. › Breastfeeding is the original subsistance food. – Please encourage women to breastfeed to decrease breast cancer!!! Pregnancy before the age of 30 Exercise Staying a healthy weight Self Breast exams by the patient-monthly Clinical Breast examinations by provider Mammograms- special xrays of the breast. Depending on risk factors – start screening between 40-45 years of ageevery 2 years. If a lump is found – a ultrasound, mammogram and clinical exam of the breast will be done. Then referral to surgery and biopsies if needed. MSEC reviewed/revised 7/26/09 Women are at risk for cancers of the cervix – the lower part of the uterus/ womb. Pap smears- a sample of cells from the cervix and the vagina screen for cancer. They are done during a pelvic exam. Pap smears samples can be taken and placed on a glass slide or in a liquid medium. The cells are looked at to see if they are abnormal looking. A virus, that can cause genital warts- the human papilloma virus (HPV) – is very common- about 80% of adults have it. A few types are the main cause of Cervical Cancer. A new vaccine for those types of the Human Papilloma virus can prevent women from getting cancer. It is called the HPV vaccine. It is 3 vaccines given over 1 year to girls ideally before their first sexual encounter. Infection with a high risk strain of Human Papilloma Virus Having sex at an early age Having sex with partners who have multiple partners Multiple sexual partners – > 5 Tobacco Use increases the risk 4 fold Being immunosuppressed-low immune system Stop using tobacco Starting at age 11 girls should get the HPV vaccine. When sexually active – use condoms!!!! To protect against STDs and HPV. › Human Papilloma Virus – causes warts and cervical cancer › Gonorrhea/ chlamydia – rates very high now › Herpes/syphilis/HIV 1st Pap Smear starting at 21 Annual Pap Smears for ages 21 – 29 Pap Smears ages 30 – 64 – every 3 years Starting at 30 – women can go every 3 years between pap smears if › Previous 3 Pap Smears were Normal › Asymptomatic When pap smears are abnormalwomen maybe asked to come in more frequently for repeat Pap Smears. They may be asked to get a colposcopy – a special pelvic exam where a microscope is used to look at the cervix and take biopsies –looking for abnormal precancer cells. Patients may be asked to come to a SRC, Bethel, or Anchorage for breast or cervical cancer screenings and follow up for abnormal results. If they do not have the funds – they may qualify for the CDC's National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program - which can pay for travel for the women of the Delta to have breast and cervical cancer screening.