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Chapter 11: Ancient Greece
Lesson 4: Sparta and Athens
Main Ideas
 Government: Sparta built a state in which every part of life was organized
around the need to have a strong army.
 Government: Athenian citizens were expected to participate actively in
government.

Government: A Persian invasion endangered Greece, so some city-states united
to fight their enemy.
Vocabulary
Term
Definition
Other
Representation
(Icon, Picture, Example,
Sentence, etc.)
Application:
What learning target does
this term connect to?
Why?
Athens
Sparta
helot
barracks
Marathon
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Sparta’s Military State
1. What did Spartan society emphasize the most?
2. Sparta was a powerhouse when it came to military. What did Sparta do with the
people they defeated?
3. How was Sparta’s government organized?
4. Describe the education for the children in Sparta.
5. What did Spartan society expect of Spartan women?
Athen’s Democratic Way of Life
6. How was Athen’s government organized?
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7. Slaves made up ___________ of Athen’s poplulation. They worked in homes,
__________________, industry and ______________. Some slaves even worked __________
side their ___________________. Some slaves could buy their freedom. Describe the
education for the children in Athens.
8. Describe military life in Athens.
9. Describe the education for the children in Athens.
10. What did Athenian society expect of Athenian women?
The Persian Wars
11. Persia conquered most of _____________________________. A king and a highly organized
government ruled the resulting empire.
12. In the 500’s Persia conquered ______________________________ which is a region with
many Greek __________________________.
13. Some Greeks in Anatolia revolted against _______________________________. Athens had a
strong _________________________, and sent ships and soldier to help them. The revolt
failed, but Persia decided to __________________________ Athens for interfering.. The
Persians arrived near Athens on the plain of _________________________________. The
Athenians sent a runner to ask Sparta for help with military needs (against
Persia), but the Spartans came too late. The Athenians were greatly
outnumbered, but they had a plan!
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14. The Athenians drew the Persians toward the center of the Greek battle line. Then
the Greeks _____________________ them and attached. Greek ___________________ were
more effective than the Persian ______________________.
15. The Persians lost ___________________ men and the Greeks lost only ___________ people.
Legend says a soldier ran from Marathon about 25 miles to ______________________
to tell of the victory. When the runner arrived in Athens, he _____________________
and died. Modern day marathons are based on his long run..
16. In 480 BC Persia invaded Greece again. Even though some cities in Greece were
enemies, they banned ______________________ to fight Persia who was a common
enemy . An army of ______________ Spartans guarded the narrow pass at
______________________________________ to stop the Persian army from reaching
_____________________________. The Spartans held the pass for two days before the
____________________ killed them all. Their sacrifice gave the Athenians time to
prepare for battle.
17. The Athenians were smart—how did they lure the Persians to the sea to fight the
battle?
18. What roles did Athens and Sparta play in defeating the Persians?
Why it matters now: Defeating the Persians allowed Greek democracy to continue.
This culture greatly influenced civilizations that happened later
in the world.
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