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Transcript
ted with le Rangeland-Pasture Recommendations Chamomile Identification and Management Also Known as: scentless false mayweed, corn chamomile or false chamomile Scentless chamomile (Matricara perforata) is a native of Europe and was introduced to the United States and Canada as a seed contaminant. It has become naturalized in the U.S. and is now present in 37 states. Scentless chamomile is an annual, biennial, or short-lived perennial that reproduces by seed. The peak periods of germination are autumn and spring when moisture is available. When seedlings emerge a dense mat is produced which can quickly outcompete other native species. A mature scentless chamomile plant is between 6 and 20 inches tall. The leaves are alternate on the stem, 1 to 2 inches long, finely divided and fernlike and odorless when crushed. The flowers are white in color, daisy-like and are solitary on each stem. A yellow central disk is surrounded by the white petals. Flowering begins in May and continues until a killing frost. Habitat for scentless chamomile includes hayfields, pastures, roadsides, stream banks and fence lines. It is most prevalent in disturbed soil. Scentless chamomile thrives in high soil moisture and prefers bright light. Mayweed chamomile (Anthemis cotula L.) is also known as stinking chamomile and dog fennel. This plant shares its growth characteristics, habitat requirements and mode of reproduction with Scentless and Corn chamomile. Mayweed chamomiles most distinguishing characteristic is a strong unpleasant odor when the foliage is crushed. Corn chamomile (Anthemis arvensis) is also known as mayweed and scentless chamomile. This plant is essentially identical to Scentless chamomile and Mayweed chamomile. It has been identified very rarely in Colorado. On the backside of this sheet are Scentless chamomile management recommendations. If you have any questions or would like more information, please contact the Weld County Public Works Department, Weed Division at (970) 304-6496 ext 3770. Please visit our website www.weldweeds.org. Recommended management methods: Cultural – Establishment of selected, aggressive grasses can be an effective cultural control of the chamomiles. Contact your local CSU Extension office or Natural Resources Conservation Service office for seed mix recommendations. Good grazing management will stimulate grass growth and keep pastures healthy. Healthy pastures may be more resistant to chamomile invasion. Bare spots caused by overgrazing are prime habitat for weed infestations. Mechanical – Frequent shallow tillage can help exhaust the seed bank in nonnative areas. Mowing is not an effective tool for long term control as the plant will prostrate itself (limit growth height to below the mower blades). In the short-term, mowing will assist by reducing seed production. Hand pulling can be effective on small infestations. Biological – There is no biological control available for Scentless chamomile. Herbicides – The following are recommendations for herbicides that can be applied to range and pasturelands. Optimum results occur when the plants have recently received moisture and are actively growing. Always read, understand, and follow label directions. The herbicide label is the LAW! Herbicide Rate Application Timing/Comments Escort XP 0.33 oz product/ac Telar 0.33 oz product /ac Milestone 7 oz/ac Apply when plant is in rosette to bolting growth stage. (Spring to early summer) May be applied near or under trees.. Add non-ionic surfactant @ 0.32 oz/gal water or 1 qt/100 gal water. Apply when plant is in rosette to bolting growth stage. (Spring to early summer) May be applied near or under trees.. Add non-ionic surfactant @ 0.32 oz/gal water or 1 qt/100 gal water. Apply when plant is in rosette growth stage. (Spring to early summer) May be applied near or under trees and to the waters edge. Add non-ionic surfactant @ 0.32 oz/gal water or 1 qt/100 gal water. Scentless Chamomile ----------------White Aster Photo’s courtesy of: Ann Larson and Irene Shonle.