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FCHOA ACRC GENERAL PALM TREE INFORMATION 2010 - 2014 Common Name True Date Palms Canary Island Date Palms Texas Sabal Palms Mediterranean Fan Palms California Fan Palms Windmill Palms Mexican Fan Palms Species Name Phoenix dactylifera Phoenix canariensis Sabal mexicana Chamaerops humilis Washingtonia filifera Trachycarpus fortunei Washingtonia robusta Typical Height 70' 40' 40' 10' 50' 25' 70 - 100' Hardiness Zone 8B-11 8B-11 8-11 8-11 8-11 8-10B 8-11 Growth Rate Slow Slow Slow Slow Moderate Slow Fast Soil/Light Requirements Widely adaptable/ high Widely adaptable/ high Widely adaptable/ high Widely adaptable/highmoderate Widely adaptable/ high Widely adaptable /moderate high Widely adaptable/ high Leaf Type/Size Feather/ up to 20' Feather/ 10-20' Fan/ 6' wide - 3' long Fan/ 3' diameter Fan/ 6-7' wide Fan/ 2-3' wide Fan/ 4-6' wide Trunk or Stem Characteristics Robust, grey, patterned with broad leaf scars Distinctive diamond leaf scar pattern Gray, smooth; often covered with crisscross of split leaf bases 1' diameter; dead leaves persist below crown Brown, fairly thick, not swollen at base Slender, covered with dark brown fibers Pale gray, swollen at base, often covered with long sha The Areca Palm, scientific name Dypsis lutescens (synonym: Chrysalidocarpus Lutescens) is a beautiful palm tree from Madagascar. This plant is also known as Butterfly Palm, Yellow Palm, Golden Cane Palm, Madagascar palm and Areca Lutescens. It is a common ornamental in subtropical and tropical regions around the world. Probably it is the most cultivated nursery palm tree. However, it is endangered and very rare in its natural habitat Madagascar. The Areca palm is a low maintenance plant and a fast grower. You can grow this exotic plant as a house plant. It will bring a tropical touch into your home and purify the air. The Areca is consistently rated among the best houseplants for removing all indoor air toxins. The graceful Areca Palm tends to grow in clumps. The adult plant looks like a large bush that can reach 20 feet or more in height with a spread of 5-10 feet. As a houseplant it is usually grown much smaller. The Areca Palm germinates easily and rapidly from fresh seeds and by divisions of clumps. The adult palm has several smooth, bamboo-like trunks that gently lean away from each other. Young plant has reedy stems. The multi-trunked specimen plant has attractive long gracefully arching feather-shaped fronds. The shrub-like plant bears small yellowish white flowers in spring and summer and forms small orange-yellow fruits. FCHOA ACRC 2010-2014 Page 1 FCHOA ACRC GENERAL PALM TREE INFORMATION 2010 - 2014 Sabal Palm : Sabal Palmetto The Sabal Palm is an official tree of Florida. It can be found in seacoast woodlands, swamps, coastal marches, beach swales and sandy dunes in the Sunshine State. This tree is very cold hardy and salt tolerant. You can see a lot of these palms on the Atlantic ocean coast. The Sabal palm is commonly used as an ornamental and street tree. Additional Information: Scientific name: Sabal Palmetto Family: Arecales Genus: Sabal Other names: Cabbage Palm, Palmetto, Cabbage Palmetto. It is commonly called the Cabbage Palm because the terminal bud (heart) is edible, resembling a cabbage head. Native Americans ate large leaf buds as a cabbage salad. It has a taste of an artichoke. Removal of the bud kills a palm. Origin: It is native to the southeastern United States, Cuba and the Bahamas Islands. Growth rate: It is a slow growing palm. Trunk: The upper part of the trunk is rough, fibrous and covered with old leaf bases, and the lower part is smooth. Old leaf bases persist for several years on the trunk, then they dry and slough off the tree. Some of them never lose “boot” fronds. The trunk can grow to a height of 60-80 feet tall. At young age it doesn’t have a trunk. Leaves: The leaves are costapalmate, strong, bearing threadlike fibers between segments, arching backwards, green or yellow-green in color. Indoor/Outdoor Use: Both Maintenance: Low Light exposure: It likes full sun or light shade. Water requirements: It requires regular watering. Drought toleration: It is drought tolerant. Cold toleration: It is very cold hardy. It can survive temperature about 7 F. Flowers: The trees produce tiny, yellow-white, fragrant flowers in late spring or early summer. They droop in long clusters among the leaves. Fruits: Sabal palms develop fruits in the fall. They are round, black drupes. Birds, raccoons and squirrels eat the fruits. Propagation: It is propagated from seed. Germination occurs within 2-3 months. FCHOA ACRC 2010-2014 Page 2 FCHOA ACRC GENERAL PALM TREE INFORMATION 2010 - 2014 The beautiful, ornamental, inexpensive palm is associated with tropics. It is commonly used as a landscape item for gardens, parking lots, along streets, boulevards, beaches and in urban landscaping in places with tropical climates like Florida, California and Texas. The Queen palms are popular for its tropical look, low maintenance and also beautiful ornamental flowers. They are often confused with Coconut palm trees. Several decades ago it was assigned with the Cocos Plumosa. Several year ago scientists started to refer it as the Syagrus Romanzoffi. The Queen Palm is one of the most elegant and widely grown Florida palm trees. Additional Information: Scientific name: Syagrus Romanzoffiana Family: Arecaceae Genus: Syagrus Origin: It is native to South America (Brazil and Argentina). Growth rate: Fast. The Queen palm grows about 1-3 feet per year. Trunk: The single, smooth, ringed, covered with old leaf bases, grey trunk grows 30-50 feet tall. Leaves: The long, lacy, green fronds create a graceful canopy with a spread of 15-25 feet and provide nice shade. Indoor/Outdoor Use: Outdoor Maintenance: Low Light exposure: The palm loves full sun. Water requirements: The Syagrus Romanzoffiana needs to be watered constantly. Drought toleration: It is drought tolerant. Cold toleration: It is cold tolerant and can take a temperature as low as 20 F. Flowers: The clusters of beautiful, ornamental, creamy flowers come among the leaves. Fruits: The fruits are green, they become orange when ripe. They are edible. Propagation: It is propagated easily by seeds. Germination takes 3-5 months. FCHOA ACRC 2010-2014 Page 3 FCHOA ACRC GENERAL PALM TREE INFORMATION 2010 - 2014 Pygmy Date Palm : Phoenix Roebelenii The miniature, attractive and exotic palm is widely used for indoor and outdoor landscapes, pools and patios. They are hardy and grown almost everywhere. It is also a popular indoor container plant that can bring tropical feel to your house. The Pygmy Date palm is one of the most widely cultivated Florida palm trees. Additional Information: Scientific name: Phoenix Roebelenii Family: Arecaceae Genus: Phoenix Other names: Miniature Date Palm, Robellini (mistaken for Roebelenii). Origin: It is native to Asia (Laos, Burma, Thailand, China). Growth rate: Slow Trunk: Phoenix Roebelenii has a single trunk or multi curved trunks that are covered with leaf scars. They grow to a mature height of about 10 feet. Leaves: The leaves can reach 4 feet in length and are pinnate, arching, bright green or bluish green in color. Lower leaflets have sharp spines. Indoor/Outdoor Use: Both Maintenance: Low Light exposure: It grows in full sun or partial shade. Water requirements: It requires constant watering. Drought toleration: It is drought tolerant plant. Cold toleration: Phoenix Roebelenii is cold hardy, can tolerate temperature down to 23 F. Flowers: The Pygmy palms produce cream flowers. Fruits: The stalks of fruits come from leaves. They are dark purple to black when ripe. Propagation: It is propagated from seed. The seeds germinate easily within 3 months. FCHOA ACRC 2010-2014 Page 4 FCHOA ACRC GENERAL PALM TREE INFORMATION 2010 - 2014 Foxtail Palm : Wodyetia Bifurcata The Foxtail Palm is one of the most beautiful, exotic and durable Florida palm trees. It is very easy to grow. The tree is very similar to the Royal palm, but it is not large. It is named the Foxtail palm because the bushy fronds have the appearance of a fox’s tail. Additional Information: Scientific name: Wodyetia Bifurcata Family: Arecaceae Genus: Wodyetia Origin: It is originated from Queensland, Australia. Growth rate: Fast growing. It grows about 3 feet per year. Trunk: The single, double or triple trunk is smooth, self-cleaning, thin and slightly swollen at the bottom. It is dark grey at the bottom and almost white at the top. It can reach a height of 30 feet. Leaves: 8-10 pinnate, arching, long, about 6-10 feet, bright green leaves create a beautiful crown shaft. Indoor/Outdoor Use: Outdoor Maintenance: Low Light exposure: It loves full sun, but can grow in partial shade too. Water requirements: Regular watering Drought toleration: It is drought tolerant, has a very deep root system. Cold toleration: It is cold hardy. The palm can tolerate heavy frost but shouldn’t take a temperature below 27 F. Flowers: The stalks of white flowers appear at the base of the crown shaft. Fruits: The clusters of oval, green fruits emerge from the crown shaft on thin stems. The fruits turn orange red when ripe. Propagation It is propagated by seed. Germination occurs in 2 to 3 months. Low temperature can slow down germination and a temperature higher 95 F can cook seeds. FCHOA ACRC 2010-2014 Page 5 FCHOA ACRC GENERAL PALM TREE INFORMATION 2010 - 2014 Washington Palms are a fast growing and tall landscape palm. The Washington Palm (also known as Mexican Fan Palm) is native to the desert regions of Mexico where it tends to grow near permanent surface or sub-surface water sources. For thos e in the northern areas of Florida, this palm is very hardy and can withstand several degrees below freezing without appreciable damage. Of the tribe Corypheae, and subfamily Coryphoideae it is also known by the botanic name Washingtonia robusta. Common Name: Washington Palm Botanical Name: Washingtonia robusta Subfamily: Coryphoideae Plant Type: Solitary Fan Palm Tree Origin: Mexico Zones: 8 - 11 Height: 70-100' Rate of Growth: Fast Salt Tolerance: Moderate Soil Requirements: Widely adaptable Water Requirements: High drought tolerance Nutritional Requirements: Moderate Light Requirements: High Form: Solitary fan palm, canopy of 30 leaves Leaves: Costapalmate, induplicate; divided halfway or more into pointed, ribbed, drooping segm ents with white threads in between on younger plants, bright green in color. Inflorescence: 8-12' long, produced from among the leaf bases Fruits: Browni sh-black Pests or diseases: Palmetto weevil s, scales, bud rot (when over-watered) Uses: Specimen plant Bad Habits: Very spiny petioles are hazardous when mi shandled, trunk s often covered for years with a long shag of dead leaves which house undesirable critters. Due to its towering height at maturity, these trees often become lightning rods, few of which survive the strike. Cost: $$ - $$$ -- reasonable to expensive Propagation: Seed, germinates in 6 week s to 2 months Source: Betrock's Gu ide to Landscape Palms ©1999 Florida Gardener. All Rights Reserved. Palms Index www.floridagardener.com FCHOA ACRC 2010-2014 Page 6