Download Pyrus pyraster

Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group
Tree factsheet
images at pages 3, 4
Pyrus pyraster Burgsdorf
taxonomy
author, year
synonym
Family
Eng. Name
Dutch name
subspecies
varieties
hybrids
cultivars, frequently used:
many park and garden varieties
references
morphology
crown habit
max. height (m)
max. dbh (cm)
actual size Europe - UK
actual size Netherlands
leaf length (cm)
leaf petiole (cm)
leaf color upper surface
leaf color under surface
leaves arrangement
flowering
flowering plant
flower
flower diameter (cm)
flower male catkins length (cm)
pollination
fruit; length
fruit petiole (cm)
seed; length (cm)
seed-wing length (cm)
weight 1000 seeds (g)
seeds ripen
seed dispersal
Burgsdorf, 1783
Pyrus communis
Rosaceae
Wild Pear
Wilde peer
P. communis ssp caucasica
after multiple hybridization many cultivars have been made
P. communis ‘Beech Hill’
Plants for a Future Database; http://www.pfaf.org/index.html
Weeda, E. J. et al. 2003. Nederlandse Oecologische Flora deel 2
Maes. 2006. Inheemse Bomen en Struiken
tree, oval
13
>50
3-6
2-5
green
green
alternate
May
monoecious
hermaphrodite
2-3
insects
pome (pitvrucht); 2-4
0,5-1
pip (pitje); approx 0,5
October
birds
habitat
natural distribution
in N.W. Europe since
natural areas The Netherlands
geological landscape types The Netherlands
(Hoek 1997)
forested areas The Netherlands
area Netherlands
% of forest trees in the Netherlands
soil type
pH-KCl
soil fertility
light
shade tolerance
(0=no tolerance to 5=max. tolerance)
drought tolerance
(0=no tolerance to 5=max. tolerance)
waterlogging tolerance
(0=no tolerance to 5=max. tolerance)
plant communities in the Netherlands
management
status Europe
status The Netherlands
application
propagation
regeneration
optimal gap size for regeneration
first plantation Netherlands
resprouting after cutting
3
-1 -1
growth rate (M.A.I. in m ha j )
diseases
Europe, W. Asia
3500 BC (Maes, p214)
forest edges
loess covered terraces, till plateau, higher river and brook valleys
clay and loamy soils
not a forest canopy tree, understorey and forest edges
<0,1
neutral to alkaline
nutrient rich
light demanding
2.3
3.3
1.8
Klasse der doornstruwelen:
-Rhamno - Prunetea
insects
endangered indigenous species
endangered indigenous species
nature tree; fruit tree
seed
planting; natural regeneration from seed
forest edges
not a plantation tree
good
slow, (data unknown)
Erwinia amylovora – bacterium - Fireblight – Bacterievuur;
Venturia pirina – fungus – Blackspot – blad- en takschurft
Cydia pomonella -codling moth larva, feeding on the pear core
wood
wood
wood structure key characteristics of pores
vol. mass heartwood (kg/m3)
elastic modulus (N/mm2)
pear (Dutch: peren)
diffuse porous; pores solitary
700
approx 7800
durability heartwood
heartwood color
sapwood color
contents
products
fungus 4
light brown
white to pale yellow
gum in the heartwood
turnery, cutlery, furniture, instruments, ebony substitute when blackened
non-timber products
fruits
cooked for jellies
Ülo Niinemets and Fernando Valladares. 2006. Tolerance to shade, drought, and waterlogging of temperate Northern Hemisphere
trees and shrubs. Ecological Monographs 76:521–547
Wild pear leaf, Oekraine
Wild pear, Dordogne, France
photos 3x © Leo Goudzwaard
P. communis ‘Beech Hill’, Veenendaal
Wild pear bark, Buskett’s Lawn, New Forest, U.K.
photo © Leo Goudzwaard
pear wood
photo © Chris Sonnemans