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WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
Pooja.
World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
SJIF Impact Factor 6.041
Volume 5, Issue 6, 500-507
Review Article
ISSN 2278 – 4357
A BRIEF REVIEW ON PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDIES OF
COMBRETUM INDICUM IN DEVELOPMENT OF
PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION FOR CHALLENGING
DISEASES
Pooja Sri S.*
Genetic Engineering Department, Bharath University.
Article Received on
24 March 2016,
ABSTRACT
Now a day’s many researchers were focus their view in plant
Revised on 14 April 2016,
Accepted on 04 April 2016
researcher studies has been rapidly increased trend in evolving
DOI: 10.20959/wjpps20166-6861
throughout the world. Genetic evolution and statistical studies data
have collected to show the medicinal usage of plants in various
*Corresponding Author
therapeutics systems. The main aim of this review is to provide the full
Pooja Sri S.
information includes medicinal uses, pharmacological studies and
Genetic Engineering
phytochemicals are listed to bring a new trend for the drug discovery in
Department, Bharath
development of pharmaceutical formulation for challenging diseases.
University.
The plant Combretum indicum showed various pharmacological
activities like antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and the roots of this
plant are used to treat rheumatism.
KEYWORDS: Combretum indicum, therapeutics, pharmaceutical formulations, antibacterial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and rheumatism.
INTRODUCTION
The plant Combretum indicum is a ligneous vine that can reach height from 2.5 meters to up
to 8 meters long. The leaves of this plant are elliptical with an acuminate tip and a rounded
base. This plant grow from7 to 15 cm and their arrangement is opposite in direction. The
flowers of Rangoon creeper are tubular and fragrant with colour varies from white to pink to
red. The fruit of Rangoon creeper is 30 to 35 mm long which is ellipsoidal and it has five
prominent wings in nature. The fruit tastes like almonds when it gets mature.
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Vol 5, Issue 6, 2016.
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Pooja.
World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
The Rangoon creeper plant is used for various medicinal purposes as well as traditional and
folk medicine. The roots of these plants are used to treat rheumatism and seed or fruit is used
as potent against helmintic activity to expel parasitic worm from the human body. Fruit
decoction can also used for gargling and are also used to combat the nephritis. Leaves of
these plants are used in treating of relieving pain caused by fever.
Plant botanical description
Kingdom: Plantae
Family: Combretaceae
Genus: Combretum
Order: Myrtales
Species: C. Indicum
Synonyms: Quisqualis indica, Quisqualis pierri
Vernacular name in different languages
Botanical name: Combretum indicum
Tamil: Irangunmalle, Ilengaramalligai
Hindi: Madhu malati, Rangoon ki bel
English: Rangoon creeper, Chinese honey suckle, Burma creeper
Malayalam: Pullanni
Spanish: Quiscual
Philippines: Niyog-niyogan
Assamese: Malati
Malay: Akar Dani
Bengali: Malatilata, Madhumanjari
Telugu: Rodha manoharam
Indonesia: Udani
Vietnam: Qu [ar] giun
Peninsular: Selimpas
Thailand: Lep mue naang
Gujarati: Barmasi vel
Urdu: Ishq pechaan
Deutsch: Rangunschlinger
Bombay: Marmasi, lalachameli, Rangunachavel
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Vol 5, Issue 6, 2016.
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World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Bahasa: Ceguk
History
Dr. John Ivor Murray sent a sample of “nuts” to the museum of economic botany in
Edinburgh in 1861 with a note that they were used by the “Chinese for expelling the worms
from body”.
Botanical description of Combretum indicum
Morphology: shrub
Plant habit: 40’
Plant spread: 10’ to 20’
Leaves: oblong-lanceolate to elliptic, acuminate
Petiole: persistent and throne –like
Calyx: tubular 8 cm long, lobes short, triangular
Flowers: Fragrant in terminal drooping spikes
Petals: white, becoming red
Flowers colour: Pink to red to white
Flowers size: 1” to 2”
Flower time: Spring and summer
Inflorescence type: Cluster
Fruit: Narrowly ellipsoid, 5-angled
Underground root system: Tap root system
Uses: Flowering plant, used in traditional medicine and folk medicine
Attractant agent: Bees, Butterflies, Humming birds
Propagation of seeds: Sow in situ
Other methods of propagation: Stolon and runners
Parts used – leaves, flowers, fruits, leafy stem and root
Ecology
Rangoon creeper is grown in margins of primary forest at low altitudes and it is almost
widely spread out in south tropical areas.
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World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Chemical constituents
The various chemical constituents were isolated from the various parts of the plant
Combretum indicum contain as Quisqualic acid, a 1, 2, 4-oxadiazolidin-3, 5-dione derivative
and arachidic test, oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, linoleic acid, myristic acid,
arachidonic acid, α-xylofuranosyluracil methylursolate, flavonoids glycoside, pelargonidin 3glucoside, rutin, tannins, diphenylpropanoids, kaempferol, triterpenoids arjunolic acid 23, 24dihydrocucurbitacin F and 25-o-acetyl-23-24- dihydrocucurbitacin F. Furthermore the main
compound of this plant Quisqualic acid showed excitatory and anti-helmintic activity on
various animal models. It causes various types of limbic seizures and neuronal necrosis.
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World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Medicinal uses
Decoction of the plant fruit is drunk to expel intestinal worms and to stop diarrhea. The juice
from the leaves is used to heal boils and ulcers and to treat ringworm infection and fever. The
roots are used to relieve cough and hiccups. This plant is used to treat hyperlipidemia,
bronchial asthma, abdominal distension, intestinal Ascariasis, dandruff. The plant C. Indicum
is used to promoting growth of wild boar/domestic pig hybrid and it’s also used to prevent
downy mildew of blackberry. The root of this plant is used to treat rheumatism.
Pharmacological studies of Combretum indicum
This review paper reveals the literature search that Combretum indicum has been explored
for its various pharmacological activities.
Anti-bacterial activity
The crude flower extract of the plant Combretum indicum showed remarkable anti-bacterial
activity against two gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species) as well
as two gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium). The
diphenylpropanoids isolated from the leafy stem showed anti-bacterial activity to Multi
Resistant Methicillin Resistant Strains.
Enzyme inhibitory assay
Pharmacological investigation of the chloroform fraction of a hot aqueous water extract
showed that this fraction inhibits Cyclic Amp phosphodiestrase by about 80%.
A methanolic flower extract inhibited acetylcholinestrase in vitro studies.
Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity
A methanolic extract of the leaves of the plant Rangoon creeper is used as analgesic and antiinflammatory activity in various animal models and in vitro studies.
Cytotoxic studies
In a test for active anti-cancer compounds 25-o-acetyl and 23 24 dihydrocucurbitacin F
showed significant cytotoxicity activity in vitro.
Anti-oxidant activity
A fresh or dried flower extract gave high total polyphenols contents and showed moderate
anti-oxidant activity in vitro studies.
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Anti-coccidial effect
A seed extract showed moderate anti-coccidial effect against Emiera tenella in chicken.
Anti-inflammatory activity
The flower showed significant acute and chronic anti-inflammatory models in wistar rats.
The hydro alcoholic extract of Combretum indicum showed potent anti-inflammatory assay
in albino wistar rats.
Anti-tumor activity
Dried ripe fruit or seed extract from the plant showed cathartic and anti-tumor activity in vivo
and in vitro conditions.
Anti-helmintic activity
The fruits, seeds, flowers and leaves crude extract of the plant Rangoon creeper has been
showed excellent anti-helmintic activity potent against particularly Ascarites and Soporific.
Anti-parasitic activity
The ethanolic extract of the plant has been showed potent against round worms, pin worms,
tape worms, parasites, digestive disturbance harmonizes and tonifies the stomach and spleen
nutritional impairment.
Toxicity level if it is taken as over dosage
Over dosage may cause side-effects such as nausea, vomiting and belching, allergic reactions
with skin rashes with or without itching, painful swollen ankles, head ache, increase body
temperature, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, sweating, cold limbs leading to seizures drop in
blood pressure.
CONCLUSION
This present review gives some phytochemicals as well as brief detailed about the
pharmacological formulations of Combretum indicum. The main focus and aim of this review
paper is used to help the research purposes. Apart from this still more there are various
pharmacological studies the plant Rangoon creeper has many medicinal applications with less
toxicity levels as well as used in tradition and folk medicine. The active molecules of this
plants needs to be isolate for their various pharmacological studies. This review paper data
proving this plant is to be potential and significant response with promising cure in various
medical uses.
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REFERENCE
1. Edible medicinal and non-medicinal plants volume 7 flowers by T.K. Lim.
2. A field guide to medicinal plants and herbs: of Eastern and Central North America
(Peterson field guides) by Steven foster, James A. Duke, Roger.
3. Medicinal plants of India by Rasheeduz Zafar.
4. Medicinal plants: phytochemistry pharmacology and therapeutics vol. 4 by V.K. Gupta.
5. Medicinal plants cultivation: A scientific approach including processing and financial
guidelines by S.S Purohit and S.P. Vyas.
6. Medicinal plants: the healing properties of plants by Helen Mayhew.
7. Indigenous medicinal plants and their practical utility by H.C Lakshman.
8. Atlas of Ayurvedic medicinal plants by Dr. Jasmeet singh.
9. Indian medicinal plants: A Compendium of 500 species (vol. v) by P.K Warrier and
V.P.K. Nambiar.
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