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STOMACH • The stomach has a heavy layer of mucus to protect against stomach acid (HCl) *HYDROCHLORIC ACID (HCl)….. • Is released into the stomach by parietal cells • Kills bacteria and destroys pathogens that are swallowed • Activates pepsin, a protein-digesting enzyme *PEPSIN = pepsinogen + HCl • Begins the digestion of proteins • Also referred to as a protease • Secreted by the chief cells of the gastric glands *Mixing waves mix the bolus with the gastric secretions to make “chyme” *chyme resembles heavy cream *peristaltic waves move the chyme into the small intestine when mixing is complete 4