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Name ___________________________________________________ Date _________________ Class _____________
CHAPTER
18
REINFORCEMENT WORKSHEET
Stella Star, Ace Reporter
Complete this worksheet after reading Chapter 18, Section 1.
Stella Star, a reporter for the Back in Times, has spent the entire day
interviewing scientists for an article she is writing on the history of
astronomy. She interviewed Ptolemy, Kepler, Copernicus, Newton,
Galileo, Brahe, and Herschel. When Stella looked over her notes, she
discovered that she forgot to indicate which scientist said what. Help
Stella get her notes organized by identifying the scientist most likely
to have said each statement in an interview. Write your answer in the
space provided.
1. “I’ve finally worked out an explanation as to why
planets orbit the sun and moons orbit planets. It is
gravity that keeps an object in orbit!”
2. “The Earth is the center of the universe, and all of
the planets and stars orbit our planet. How do I
know? Well, my theory predicts the motion of the
planets better than any other theory of my day.”
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
3. “With a telescope I have found many fuzzy patches
in the sky. I’m not really sure what they are, but
I’m plotting their positions in a catalog. By the way,
I hate to brag, but I was the one who discovered
Uranus.”
4. “I prefer the theory of the sun-centered universe over
other theories. This handy device called a telescope
has helped me to discover that the planets are not
just dots of light, but physical bodies like the Earth.”
5. “After several years of very precise observations, I
conclude that our universe is Earth-centered. Furthermore, the sun and the moon revolve around the
Earth, while the other planets revolve around the
sun.”
6. “For centuries people have been thinking that the
Earth is at the universe’s center, but I’m certain that
it is, in fact, the sun at its center. And, though it is
not an accepted theory these days, I am certain that
the planets orbit the sun.”
7. “I do not agree with my mentor’s theory that the sun
revolves around the Earth. I have used his precise
data to propose another theory in which all of the
planets revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits.”
REINFORCEMENT & VOCABULARY REVIEW WORKSHEETS
61
Menu
Print
Lesson
Name ___________________________________________________ Date _________________ Class _____________
CHAPTER
18
VOCABULARY REVIEW WORKSHEET
Stellar Humor
After you finish Chapter 18, give this puzzle a try!
In each statement below, the underlined term is incorrect. Write the
correct term in the boxes to the right of the statement. The circled
letters will spell out the answer to the joke at the bottom of the page.
1. A section of the sky that contains a
recognizable star pattern is called a(n)
C O N S T E L L A T
circumpolar star.
2. Astronomers measure angular
ascension eastward from the vernal
equinox.
R
I
3. A(n) month is the time it takes the
Earth to orbit the sun once.
Y
E A R
4. A(n) leap year is a unit of length
equal to about 9.46 trillion
kilometers.
L
I
5. A(n) constellation is a system for
organizing time.
C A L
6. The amount of time it takes for the
Earth to rotate once on its axis is a(n)
year.
D A Y
7. A(n) day is the amount of time it
takes for the moon to orbit the Earth
once.
M O N T H
8. The celestial pole is an imaginary
circle created by extending Earth’s
equator into space.
E Q U A T O R
9. A(n) refracting telescope uses curved
mirrors to focus light.
R
E
F
L
E
10. A(n) altitude is an imaginary point in
the sky directly above an observer on
Earth.
Z
E N
I
T H
11. Astrology is the study of all physical
objects beyond Earth.
A S
T R O N O M Y
12. An object’s declination is the
angle between the object and the
horizon.
A L
T
62
H A D
H O R
HOLT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
I
Z O N
O N
G H T
G H T
-
Y
E A R
I
C T
I
T U D E
I
T
!
N G
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
E N D A R
Joke:
How did the astronomer know when the sun came up?
S H E
I
Menu
Print
Lesson
Name ___________________________________________________ Date _________________ Class _____________
CHAPTER
18
REINFORCEMENT WORKSHEET
Stella Star, Ace Reporter
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Complete this worksheet after reading Chapter 18, Section 1.
Stella Star, a reporter for the Back in Times, has spent the entire day
interviewing scientists for an article she is writing on the history of
astronomy. She interviewed Ptolemy, Kepler, Copernicus, Newton,
Galileo, Brahe, and Herschel. When Stella looked over her notes, she
discovered that she forgot to indicate which scientist said what. Help
Stella get her notes organized by identifying the scientist most likely
to have said each statement in an interview. Write your answer in the
space provided.
1. “I’ve finally worked out an explanation as to why
planets orbit the sun and moons orbit planets. It is
gravity that keeps an object in orbit!”
Newton
2. “The Earth is the center of the universe, and all of
the planets and stars orbit our planet. How do I
know? Well, my theory predicts the motion of the
planets better than any other theory of my day.”
Ptolemy
3. “With a telescope I have found many fuzzy patches
in the sky. I’m not really sure what they are, but
I’m plotting their positions in a catalog. By the way,
I hate to brag, but I was the one who discovered
Uranus.”
Herschel
4. “I prefer the theory of the sun-centered universe over
other theories. This handy device called a telescope
has helped me to discover that the planets are not
just dots of light, but physical bodies like the Earth.”
Galileo
5. “After several years of very precise observations, I
conclude that our universe is Earth-centered. Furthermore, the sun and the moon revolve around the
Earth, while the other planets revolve around the
sun.”
Brahe
6. “For centuries people have been thinking that the
Earth is at the universe’s center, but I’m certain that
it is, in fact, the sun at its center. And, though it is
not an accepted theory these days, I am certain that
the planets orbit the sun.”
7. “I do not agree with my mentor’s theory that the sun
revolves around the Earth. I have used his precise
data to propose another theory in which all of the
planets revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits.”
Copernicus
Kepler
REINFORCEMENT & VOCABULARY REVIEW WORKSHEETS
61
Menu
Print
Lesson
Name ___________________________________________________ Date _________________ Class _____________
CHAPTER
18
VOCABULARY REVIEW WORKSHEET
Stellar Humor
After you finish Chapter 18, give this puzzle a try!
In each statement below, the underlined term is incorrect. Write the
correct term in the boxes to the right of the statement. The circled
letters will spell out the answer to the joke at the bottom of the page.
1. A section of the sky that contains a
recognizable star pattern is called a(n)
C O N S T E L L A T
circumpolar star.
2. Astronomers measure angular
ascension eastward from the vernal
equinox.
R
I
3. A(n) month is the time it takes the
Earth to orbit the sun once.
Y
E A R
4. A(n) leap year is a unit of length
equal to about 9.46 trillion
kilometers.
L
I
5. A(n) constellation is a system for
organizing time.
C A L
6. The amount of time it takes for the
Earth to rotate once on its axis is a(n)
year.
D A Y
7. A(n) day is the amount of time it
takes for the moon to orbit the Earth
once.
M O N T H
8. The celestial pole is an imaginary
circle created by extending Earth’s
equator into space.
E Q U A T O R
9. A(n) refracting telescope uses curved
mirrors to focus light.
R
E
F
L
E
10. A(n) altitude is an imaginary point in
the sky directly above an observer on
Earth.
Z
E N
I
T H
11. Astrology is the study of all physical
objects beyond Earth.
A S
T R O N O M Y
12. An object’s declination is the
angle between the object and the
horizon.
A L
T
62
H A D
H O R
HOLT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
I
Z O N
O N
G H T
G H T
-
Y
E A R
I
C T
I
T U D E
I
T
!
N G
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
E N D A R
Joke:
How did the astronomer know when the sun came up?
S H E
I