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S rth OB L A TI ES CT S Dou NX d PE M81 T HE NO R T H S TA R DR AC O M5 Mel 111 Cor li Caro n Vindem iatrix 3 Ge mm a M1 a O RG VI 04 M1 Sp ica M12 M10 Sat urn Symbols SCORPIUS AP M6 d S S st he co Galaxy 3 Double Star 8 M a Variable Star e h er T ov S I Diffuse Nebula A lt y r e c I ZO N Planetary Nebula Di OR -H Open Star Cluster O T ON Globular Star Cluster RI Z O H W M4 RA li e Antares M8 LIB R ` M2 M21 3 M20 Hy d CO RV 2 M3 M64 M9 M5 OPHIUCHUS Te T h e ap ot C AU ORON STR A AL IS Denebola + n mi urus A 1 ba Thu Eta Arct ED b Little Dipper i ¡ M S MA M94 EU ` KY Lo w S S EN ) RP SE APUT (C 5 M7 ES ES C A NA T I C I VEN g Bi r e pe Th ip D PH 1 & Miza Al r co r CE NCP U MI RSA NO R SA R R O U AJ M “ TO Polaris POLAR IS ” O IA IU No he M82 AR US ns ,t tel ris L l o la . C E P RT a ti o n LEO N e d O AI kl n c i a Z i o S ND fH RI of e rc ) t E HO AT gh u le ES s. I lou IS TH AN P r t DT dep r (o IME C LE ict s p pe CIR S. T th e g Di HE T ER h er o e Bi U WEST h t O CE N o e f G re e Us HE TE R k mytho ND T OF T log y. HE M T H) A AP IS T ( ZE N I D A E HE PART OF H R THE SKY DIRECTLY OVE IO TT TE CE SS M3 GI Ö AR ter SA M22 O PE a S W CA B ON Clus D l N A st m o P AR e A th of KY M S ne s o THE bi RN ne De TU ”) . R TH R ES (Add 1 Hour For Daylight Saving) S ble SEU N t LY ar . M57 d 33 1 5 SKY MAP SHOWS HOW THE NIGHT SKY LOOKS EARLY JUL 10 PM LATE JUL 9 PM JE ` RA air i All sales support the production and free distribution of The Evening Sky Map. CA T ¡ LY 99 Cr 3 UL IC 4 66 SE (C RPEN AU DA S ) LA Nun k • Star Charts & Astro Posters • Telescopes & Binoculars LO PER R bireo r Al e r Tr ia n g le M27 CYGNUS Summ NA RO IS COREAL BO M17 TH AR E C A M E L O PA R DA L I S Den eb RC Alt UI M2 NG JULY 2013 SKY MAP DRAWN FOR A LATITUDE OF 40° NORTH AND IS SUITABLE FOR LATITUDES UP TO 15° NORTH OR SOUTH OF THIS M16 SAVE ON RECOMMENDED PRODUCTS • http://Skymaps.com/store • Star Atlases & Planispheres • Books for Sky Watchers a _ 66 M1 E US I Ve g HE 9 BY ED 9 INUS AQ 700 IN T M3 61 a DELPH M15 EG NORTHERN HEMISPHERE M EN E N S Enif um US N PEGA OU in o u OR M2 S .B U C S s N I CE D s G re ta PR I FA a r T . s S CA of t S q u kn gle YOU CE Pe g a ow IUS an NT a s u re UAR n Q s Tri THAT E A , R b er e ( J i n U mm TION g S T 6 Su 0, A EC 0 he S 0 Y 0 DI R mt O t U im for HE A e s RE ST neb b r i D g EA h O d De t I e N r SAM r an G th a N EAST n A lt a i OW ou THE r ) S eg a, u S n P IS . O s tars V T H E MA E C OM Th e b righ t OF TH PASS D OTTOM IRECTION THAT APPEARS ALONG THE B Venus 0.3° NNE of Beehive Cluster (M45) (25° from Sun, evening sky) at 22h UT. 4 Moon near Pleiades (42° from Sun, morning sky) at 8h UT. 5 Moon near Aldebaran (34° from Sun, morning sky) at 5h UT. 5 Earth at Aphelion (farthest from Sun) at 15h UT. The Sun-Earth distance is 1.016708 a.u. or about 152.1 million km. 6 Moon near Mars (19° from Sun, morning sky) at 12h UT. Mag. +1.5. 8 New Moon at 7:15 UT. Start of lunation 1120. 7 Moon at apogee (farthest from Earth) at 1h UT (distance 406,490 km; angular size 29.4'). 9 Mercury at inferior conjunction with the Sun at 19h UT. Mercury passes into the morning sky. 10 Moon near Beehive cluster (20° from Sun, evening sky) at 1h UT. 10 Moon near Venus (27° from Sun, evening sky) at 19h UT. Mag. –3.9. 11 Moon near Regulus (evening sky) at 23h UT. 16 Moon very near Spica (89° from Sun, evening sky) at 2h UT. Occultation visible from west Central America, and northwest South America. 16 First Quarter Moon at 3:19 UT. 17 Moon near Saturn (evening sky) at 0h UT. Mag. +0.6. EC 19 Moon near Antares (evening sky) at 8h UT. LI PT IC 21 Moon at perigee (closest to Earth) at 20h UT (358,401 km; 33.3'). Perigee occurs 22 hours before Full Moon; high tides expected. 22 Mars 0.79° N of Jupiter (24° from Sun, morning sky) at 7h UT. Mags. +1.6 and –1.9. 22 Venus 1.1° NNE of Regulus (30° from Sun, evening sky) at 13h UT. Mags. –3.9 and +1.3. 22 Full Moon at 18:15 UT. 29 Last Quarter Moon at 17:44 UT. 30 Mercury at greatest elongation, 20° west of Sun (morning sky) at 9h UT. Mag +0.3. More sky events and links at http://Skymaps.com/skycalendar/ All times in Universal Time (UT). (USA Eastern Summer Time = UT – 4 hours.) 3 W .S W CO WE Get Sky Calendar on Twitter http://twitter.com/skymaps S. BE T W FREE* EACH MONTH FOR YOU TO EXPLORE, LEARN & ENJOY THE NIGHT SKY Sky Calendar – July 2013 M Fro HE “NO m Z E n LE N o r I t TH MP h e r n A CP). EXA la N NORTH t D i t le ( N u F OR TH de s al P o , E s LE ( t H a rs O C ele s ti a p R p e C IR C I a r Z t o rotate around the North ON . C R IZ O N OMPAS THE HO S DIRECTIO NS ARE INDICATED ALONG The Evening Sky Map KY AP 6124 6231 i P T n the n ). M OF so u pio I ND F RO th e cor S r e n h SKY AB T s ( k T y s H RIG lie s t IG SOUTH -1 0 1 2 3 4 o r p iu HT S he br RE N as Sc ight an TAR E NT I d easy to recognize constellation known PATT THE E RN I S Copyright © 2000–2013 Kym Thalassoudis. All Rights Reserved. W N THE S AP SHO KY. INSTRUCTIONS: THE SKY M * TERMS OF USE: FREE FOR NON-COMMERCIAL EDUCATIONAL USE. ASTRONOMY EDUCATION GROUPS Star Magnitudes MAY FREELY DISTRIBUTE PRINTED HANDOUTS. FULL DETAILS AT http://Skymaps.com/terms.html Tips for Observing the Night Sky When observing the night sky, and in particular deep-sky objects such as star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies, it’s always best to observe from a dark location. Avoid direct light from street lights and other sources. If possible observe from a dark location away from the light pollution that surrounds many of today’s large cities. You will see more stars after your eyes adapt to the darkness—usually about 10 to 20 minutes after you go outside. Also, if you need to use a torch to view the sky map, cover the light bulb with red cellophane. This will preserve your dark vision. Finally, even though the Moon is one of the most stunning objects to view through a telescope, its light is so bright that it brightens the sky and makes many of the fainter objects very difficult to see. So try to observe the evening sky on moonless nights around either New Moon or Last Quarter. Astronomical Glossary Conjunction – An alignment of two celestial bodies such that they present the least angular separation as viewed from Earth. Constellation – A defined area of the sky containing a star pattern. Diffuse Nebula – A cloud of gas illuminated by nearby stars. Double Star – Two stars that appear close to each other in the sky; either linked by gravity so that they orbit each other (binary star) or lying at different distances from Earth (optical double). Apparent separation of stars is given in seconds of arc ("). Ecliptic – The path of the Sun’s center on the celestial sphere as seen from Earth. Elongation – The angular separation of two celestial bodies. For Mercury and Venus the greatest elongation occurs when they are at their most angular distance from the Sun as viewed from Earth. Galaxy – A mass of up to several billion stars held together by gravity. Globular Star Cluster – A ball-shaped group of several thousand old stars. Light Year (ly) – The distance a beam of light travels at 300,000 km/sec in one year. Magnitude – The brightness of a celestial object as it appears in the sky. Open Star Cluster – A group of tens or hundreds of relatively young stars. Opposition – When a celestial body is opposite the Sun in the sky. Planetary Nebula – The remnants of a shell of gas blown off by a star. Universal Time (UT) – A time system used by astronomers. Also known as Greenwich Mean Time. USA Eastern Standard Time (for example, New York) is 5 hours behind UT. Variable Star – A star that changes brightness over a period of time. JULY 2013 CELESTIAL OBJECTS Listed on this page are several of the brighter, more interesting celestial objects visible in the evening sky this month (refer to the monthly sky map). The objects are grouped into three categories. Those that can be easily seen with the naked eye (that is, without optical aid), those easily seen with binoculars, and those requiring a telescope to be appreciated. Note, all of the objects (except single stars) will appear more impressive when viewed through a telescope or very large binoculars. They are grouped in this way to highlight objects that can be seen using the optical equipment that may be available to the star gazer. NORTHERN HEMISPHERE About the Celestial Objects Easily Seen with the Naked Eye Altair Arcturus b Cephei Deneb _ Herculis Vega Antares Polaris Spica Aql Boo Cep Cyg Her Lyr Sco UMi Vir Brightest star in Aquila. Name means "the flying eagle". Dist=16.7 ly. Orange, giant K star. Name means "bear watcher". Dist=36.7 ly. Cepheid prototype. Mag varies between 3.5 & 4.4 over 5.366 days. Mag 6 companion. Brightest star in Cygnus. One of the greatest known supergiants. Dist=1,400±200 ly. Semi-regular variable. Magnitude varies between 3.1 & 3.9 over 90 days. Mag 5.4 companion. The 5th brightest star in the sky. A blue-white star. Dist=25.0 ly. Red, supergiant star. Name means "rival of Mars". Dist=135.9 ly. The North Pole Star. A telescope reveals an unrelated mag 8 companion star. Dist=433 ly. Latin name means "ear of wheat" and shown held in Virgo's left hand. Dist=250 ly. Easily Seen with Binoculars d Aquilae M3 + Cephei Mel 111 r Cygni M39 i Draconis M13 M92 ¡ Lyrae R Lyrae M12 M10 IC 4665 6633 M15 M8 M25 M22 M4 M6 M7 M5 Mizar & Alcor Cr 399 Aql CVn Cep Com Cyg Cyg Dra Her Her Lyr Lyr Oph Oph Oph Oph Peg Sgr Sgr Sgr Sco Sco Sco Ser UMa Vul Bright Cepheid variable. Mag varies between 3.6 & 4.5 over 7.166 days. Dist=1,200 ly. Easy to find in binoculars. Might be glimpsed with the naked eye. Herschel's Garnet Star. One of the reddest stars. Mag 3.4 to 5.1 over 730 days. Coma Berenices. 80 mag 5-6 stars in 5 deg. Dist=283 ly. Age=400 million years. Long period pulsating red giant. Magnitude varies between 3.3 & 14.2 over 407 days. May be visible to the naked eye under good conditions. Dist=900 ly. Wide pair of white stars. One of the finest binocular pairs in the sky. Dist=100 ly. Best globular in northern skies. Discovered by Halley in 1714. Dist=23,000 ly. Fainter and smaller than M13. Use a telescope to resolve its stars. Famous Double Double. Binoculars show a double star. High power reveals each a double. Semi-regular variable. Magnitude varies between 3.9 & 5.0 over 46.0 days. Close to the brighter M10. Dist=18,000 ly. 3 degrees from the fainter M12. Both may be glimpsed in binoculars. Dist=14,000 ly. Large, scattered open cluster. Visible with binoculars. Scattered open cluster. Visible with binoculars. Only globular known to contain a planetary nebula (Mag 14, d=1"). Dist=30,000 ly. Lagoon Nebula. Bright nebula bisected by a dark lane. Dist=5,200 ly. Bright cluster located about 6 deg N of "teapot's" lid. Dist=1,900 ly. A spectacular globular star cluster. Telescope will show stars. Dist=10,000 ly. A close globular. May just be visible without optical aid. Dist=7,000 ly. Butterfly Cluster. 30+ stars in 7x binoculars. Dist=1,960 ly. Superb open cluster. Visible to the naked eye. Age=260 million years. Dist=780 ly. Fine globular star cluster. Telescope will reveal individual stars. Dist=25,000 ly. Good eyesight or binoculars reveals 2 stars. Not a binary. Mizar has a mag 4 companion. Coathanger asterism or "Brocchi's Cluster". Not a true star cluster. Dist=218 to 1,140 ly. Telescopic Objects 7009 ¡ Boötis M94 M51 M64 Albireo 61 Cygni a Delphini ` Lyrae M57 M23 M20 M21 M17 M11 M16 M81 M82 M27 Aqr Boo CVn CVn Com Cyg Cyg Del Lyr Lyr Sgr Sgr Sgr Sgr Sct Ser UMa UMa Vul Saturn Nebula. Requires 8-inch telescope to see Saturn-like appendages. Red giant star (mag 2.5) with a blue-green mag 4.9 companion. Sep=2.8". Difficult to split. Compact nearly face-on spiral galaxy. Dist=15 million ly. Whirlpool Galaxy. First recognised to have spiral structure. Dist=25 million ly. Black-Eye Galaxy. Discovered by J.E. Bode in 1775 - "a small, nebulous star". Beautiful double star. Contrasting colours of orange and blue-green. Sep=34.4". Attractive double star. Mags 5.2 & 6.1 orange dwarfs. Dist=11.4 ly. Sep=28.4". Appear yellow & white. Mags 4.3 & 5.2. Dist=100 ly. Struve 2725 double in same field. Eclipsing binary. Mag varies between 3.3 & 4.3 over 12.940 days. Fainter mag 7.2 blue star. Ring Nebula. Magnificent object. Smoke-ring shape. Dist=4,100 ly. Elongated star cluster. Telescope required to show stars. Dist=2,100 ly. Trifid Nebula. A telescope shows 3 dust lanes trisecting nebula. Dist=5,200 ly. A fine and impressive cluster. Dist=4,200 ly. Omega Nebula. Contains the star cluster NGC 6618. Dist=4,900 ly. Wild Duck Cluster. Resembles a globular through binoculars. V-shaped. Dist=5,600 ly. Eagle Nebula. Requires a telescope of large aperture. Dist=8,150 ly. Beautiful spiral galaxy visible with binoculars. Easy to see in a telescope. Close to M81 but much fainter and smaller. Dumbbell Nebula. Large, twin-lobed shape. Most spectacular planetary. Dist=975 ly. The Evening Sky Map (ISSN 1839-7735) Copyright © 2000–2013 Kym Thalassoudis. All Rights Reserved.