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The U.S. History Review By Miguel A. Rivera What are some characteristics of World War II? Activity – World War II Gather as much information as you possibly can about the World War II in your group ½ picked to rotate will change seats every 2 ½ minutes, 2 minutes, and 1 ½ minutes after having brainstormed what you know We will come together as a class and figure out what you’ve put down. World War II Characteristics Allies: Great Britain, France, Russia (U.S.S.R.) and the U.S. Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, and Japan Time of fascism – political ideology (way of life based on beliefs) that believes that the individual is not as important as the state they live in – the part is not as important as the whole World War II Characteristics Causes of World War II: German Nationalism Reasons that the U.S. entered WWII Economic Interests in Europe Preservation of Human Rights Preservation of Democracy Attack on Pearl Harbor World War II Characteristics Many Jews were put in ghettos - A place where one lives with limited freedom that consists of poor economic and living conditions Germany practices genocide through the Holocaust – killing of a huge number of people based on race, ethnicity, religion or nation in a systematic manner Appeasement (an attempt to solve an issue in a peaceful manner) fails with Germany because they choose to attack Poland Rationing – giving limited amounts based on one’s power over another World War II 1939 World War II begins as Germany invades Poland World War II 1941 Japan surprise attack on Pearl Harbor World War II 1941 U.S. declares war on Japan and enters World War II World War II 1944 D-Day invasion on Normandy World War II 1945 U.S. drops Atomic Bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki essentially ending the war Concentration Camps A place where Jews were taken prior as a result of their religious beliefs with limited basic resources and the possibility of death Home-Front Mobilization of American troops and industry in order to get ready for the war. Women entered the workforce in huge numbers. People plant gardens in order to conserve food. Bracero Program Temporary work program where Mexican nationals were brought to the U.S. in order to work during World War II and eventually sent back after the need for labor had gone down Kamikaze Pilots Japanese pilots trained to use their plane in order to hit a target that is crucial to the enemy’s defense with full knowledge that they would die in the process Japanese Internment Putting JapaneseAmericans in internment camps (camps with limited freedom and resources – almost like jail) because of fear that they may be acting as spies for the Japanese government or may turn on the U.S. Manhattan Project Secret project name for the building and effective detonation of a practice atomic bomb Hiroshima and Nagasaki Two Japanese islands bombed with atomic bombs at the end of World War II Little Boy and Fat Man Atomic Bombs dropped over Hiroshima and Nagasaki (respectively) at the end of World War II D-day D-Day – Also known as the Invasion on Normandy Surprise attack because of awful conditions in Normandy, France June 6, 1944 – begins the Western Allied Front attack on Nazi Germany – led by Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower Battle of the Bulge Allied troops break a major German offensive and are able to fight the Germans on the Western Front as they tried to break through the middle of the line through a bulging strategy V-E Day Refers to Victory in Europe Day May 7th and May 8th, 1945 Allied forces accept Nazi Germany’s unconditional surrender Battle of Midway The most important naval battle during World War II U.S. permanently weakens Japanese navy by destroying: 4 fleet carriers 200 irreplaceable navy aviators Takes place in Midway Atoll, an island in Hawaii Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941 U.S. naval base in Hawaii is surprise-attacked by the Japanese Japanese destroy: 2 naval ships 1 minelayer 2 destroyers 188 aircraft 1,178 people wounded 2,388 killed U.S. declares war on Japan WWII – Who’s this guy? WWII – Who’s this guy? – Franklin D. Roosevelt President of the U.S. during Great Depression and most of World War II Elected 4 times Had Polio Developed “New Deal” – plan for restoring economy and helping people WWII – Who’s this guy? WWII – Who’s this guy? – Douglas MacArthur American General In charge of protecting the Philippines and preparing for attack on Japan Accepted Japan’s surrender at end of WWII WWII – Who’s this guy? WWII – Who’s this guy? – George S. Patton General of U.S. Army during WWII Led Americans in battles in Africa, Sicily, France and Germany Mentored by John J. Pershing WWII – Who’s this guy? WWII – Who’s this guy? – Hideki Tojo General in Japanese Imperial Army Prime Minister throughout much of WWII Sentenced to death after WWII for war crimes by the International Military Tribunal of the Far East WWII – Who’s this guy? WWII – Who’s this guy? – Adolf Hitler Leader of Nazi Germany’s 3rd Reich before and during WWII Initially elected Prime Minister of Germany Named himself Czar of Germany Killed millions of Jews in Genocide Died at the end of WWII WWII – Who’s this guy? WWII – Who’s this guy? – Benito Mussolini Italian Nationalist Led National Fascist Party Elected Prime Minister Supported Hitler during World War II WWII – Who’s this guy? WWII – Who’s this guy? – Dwight D. Eisenhower 34th President of the U.S. Nicknamed “Ike” Five-star General Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe during WWII First Supreme Commander of NATO Kept up with Cold War after WWII WWII – Who’s this guy? WWII – Who’s this guy? – Winston Churchill Prime Minister of Great Britain during WWII Allied supporter and asked Franklin D. Roosevelt for support Noted soldier prior to becoming a politician One of the “Big Three” WWII – Who’s this guy? WWII – Who’s this guy? – Joseph Stalin Communist Dictator in Soviet Union His mentor was Vladimir Lenin, leader of Initially supported Hitler but was betrayed and became Ally supporter Ruthless leader by force One of the “Big Three” WWII – Who’s this guy? WWII – Who’s this guy? – Charles De Gaulle President of France during its 5th Republic French veteran from WWI Advocate of armored warfare and military aviation as an end to trench warfare Named Brigadier General during WWII WWII – Who’s this guy? WWII – Who’s this guy? – Harry S. Truman 33rd President of the U.S. after FDR died in office Wrote the Truman Doctrine as an effort at containment Gave the official order to drop the atomic bombs