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ChemCatalyst 10/26/15 Today you need your laptop (go to weebly) and notebook. In your notebook answer the following questions: 1. How many protons, electrons, and neutrons are in the following atom. Bohr Model Atoms can be represented by Bohr diagrams. Bohr diagrams are useful for: ① Better understanding the properties of an element ② Predicting how an atom can combine with others to form compounds Are only useful in portraying the first 20 elements because it breaks down after the first 20! That is to say, it is a simple theory which works for simpler atoms. When you get past 20 the electronic structures are more complex and the theory cannot deal with them. Bohr Model Diagram In this model of the atom, the electrons travel around the nucleus in well defined circular paths known as orbital or energy shells. Each electron in an atom has a definite amount of energy The farther away the electron is from the nucleus, the great the energy Electrons cannot exit between orbital, but can only move up or down from one orbital to another. Electrons in the Energy Levels: 0 The orbits can hold only a specific number of electrons 0 Once a level is full, the electrons start filling the next level. ELECTRON LEVEL LIMITS: (filling order limits) 1st level = 2 electrons 2nd level = 8 electrons 3rd level = 8 electrons 4th level = 18 electrons Steps for Drawing Bohr Model ① Determine the number of electrons, protons, and neutrons to be drawn: # protons = atomic number # electrons = atomic number # neutrons = atomic mass – atomic number ① Draw a circle for the nucleus and write the number of protons and neutrons. ② Draw a larger orbital/circle around the nucleus. ③ Fill the orbital and draw more using the following: • 1st Orbital (nearest to the nucleus): filled first, with a maximum of 2 electrons • 2nd Orbital: fill with a maximum of 8 electrons (draw in electron pairs for more than four electrons in orbital) • 3rd Orbital fill with a maximum of 8 electrons • 4th Orbital fill with a maximum of 18 electrons Classroom Example: Helium e P+ = 2 N0 = 2 e # protons: 2 # electrons: 2 # neutrons: 2 ① Determine the number of electrons, protons, and neutrons to be drawn: ② Draw a circle for the nucleus and write the number of protons and neutrons. ③ Draw a larger orbital/circle around the nucleus. ④ Fill the orbital and draw more using filling rules Classroom Example: Carbon e e e P+ = 6 N0 = 6 e e # protons: 6 # electrons: 6 # neutrons: 6 e ① Determine the number of electrons, protons, and neutrons to be drawn: ② Draw a circle for the nucleus and write the number of protons and neutrons. ③ Draw a larger orbital/circle around the nucleus. ④ Fill the orbital and draw more using filling rules Hope this presentation wasn’t too Bohr-ing