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Derived Characteristics Binomial Nomenclature Domain Retrovirus Cladogram Taxonomy Eubacteria Taxon/Taxa Lysogenic Cycle Virus Plantae Lytic Cycle Animalia Capsid Classification Traits that evolved in one species after it branched off from the other Linnaeus’s system of naming organisms which gives a scientific two word Latin name to species - the first being the genus name and the second being the specific epithet The broadest of all taxa; contains one or more kingdoms RNA virus, such as HIV,with reverse transcriptase in its core A branching diagram that represents the proposed evolutionary history of a species or group A discipline of Biology primarily concerned with identifying, naming, and classifying species based on natural relationship Microscopic prokaryotes. Most are beneficial to humans and to the environment, but a small percentage can cause disease. A group or rank in a biological classification into which related organisms are classified A viral replication process in which viral DNA inserts into the host cell’s chromosome, may remain dormant, and later activate and instruct the host cell to produce more viruses Non-living strand of genetic material within a protein coat The taxonomic kingdom comprising all living or extinct plants A viral replication process in which genetic material of the virus enters the host cell’s cytoplasm, the cell replicates the viral RNA or DNA,and the host cell is instructed to manufacture capsids Taxonomic kingdom comprising all living or extinct animals The outer layer of all viruses The grouping of organisms based on a set of criteria that helps organize, communicate, and retain information Phylogenetic Tree Ancestral Characterisitcs Eukarya Protista Prion Archaea Core Eubacteria Fungi Hierarchy Outgroup Archaebacteria Carolus Linnaeus clade The evolutionary history of a species Traits that two species share because of common ancestry The domain comprised of eukaryotes or organisms whose cells contain a true nucleus A taxonomic kingdom comprised of protists, characterized by being eukaryotic and mostly single-celled A protein that can cause infection or disease Prokaryotes whose cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan The part of the virus that contains the genetic material (DNA or RNA) Prokaryotes whose cell walls contain peptidoglycan A (taxonomic) group that includes hetrophic eukaryotes that are usually filamentous, devoid of chlorophyll, with chitin cell walls, and produce spores Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species A species or group of species closely related to but not included within a taxon Any of the unicelluar microorganisms that is generally distinct from bacteria and eukaryotes, and often inhabiting extreme environmental conditions Father of Taxonomy. Created binomial nomenclature; still used today! A taxonomic group of organisms classified together on the basis of homologous features traced to a common ancestor. A grouping of organisms made on the basis of phylogenetic relationship, rather than purely on shared features. Clades consist of a common ancestor and all its descendants. The class Aves (birds) is a clade, whereas the class Reptilia (reptiles) is not, since it does not include birds, which are descended from the dinosaurs, a kind of reptile Common ancestor Any person to whom two or more persons claim descent; also, the most recent ancestral form or species from which two different species evolved