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Warm-Up 3/24 Please take out your homework and your composition books Oath Taken by All Athenian Men I will never disgrace my sacred arms nor desert my comrades in the ranks. I will fight for temples and for public property, whether alone or with my fellows. I will leave my country not less, but greater and better than I found it. I will obey the magistrates and observe the existing laws, and those the people may hereafter make. If anyone tries to overthrow or disobey the laws I will resist him in their defense, whether alone or with my fellows. I will honor the temples and religion of my forefathers. 1. What was important to Athenian men? Make three inferences about Athenian values. 2. At age 18, Athenian men took this oath to become citizens. How does this rite of passage compare to Sparta? Athens: A Way of Life Page 107 ONLY in Rise of the West books- carefully! Narrator Ariston Cleros In what ways is Athens different from Sparta? Athens • First ruled by kings. • 750 B.C.E. – nobles, merchants, and manufacturers took over government and set up an oligarchy. • oligarchy- government where a few people have ruling power. • Solon- rich merchant who set up a constitution in 594 B.C.E. • Constitution- a set of principles and rules for governing. • This limited power of rich, gave landowners right to vote in the Assembly or ruling body. – Assembly could make laws. Solon • Solon erased all debts. • Offered citizenship to more people. • Peisistratus (pī sis’ trah tus) took over government in 560 B.C.E. • Supported lower classes divided large estates among landless farmers. • No land requirements for citizenship. • Encouraged the arts. • After Peisistratus’ death, Athenian government overthrown by Sparta. • 508 B.C.E. Spartans overthrown by noble Cleisthenes (klīs’ thuh nēz) • He set up government that was democratic- favored the equality of all people. • Assembly was open to all males over 20. Pythagoras • Council of Five HundredNames of 500 citizens chosen at random each year. • Managed daily business of Athens. • Could only serve two terms. • Citizens required to educate their sons. • Boys studied writing, math, and music. • At 18 males became citizens and took an oath to Athens. Oath Taken by All Athenian Men • I will never disgrace my sacred arms nor desert my comrades in the ranks. • I will fight for temples and for public property, whether alone or with my fellows. • I will leave my country not less, but greater and better than I found it. • I will obey the magistrates and observe the existing laws, and those the people may hereafter make. • If anyone tries to overthrow or disobey the laws I will resist him in their defense, whether alone or with my fellows. • I will honor the temples and religion of my forefathers.