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World History Close Reading Activity 1. What is a polis? (135) 2. What was the open area that served as a marketplace called? 3. In a polis, which citizens had political rights? 4. According to your text, how did tyrants stay in power? 5. What type of state did Sparta have? (136) 6. What did Sparta’s famous black broth consist of? (136­137) 7. What type of government did Sparta have? (137) 8. Who made up the council of elders and what power did it have? 9. Why did the government NOT allow most Spartans to travel? 10. According to your text, who owned the best land and made the political decisions for Athens? 11. What happened to the Athenian farmers who could not pay their debt? 12. What was Athens on the verge of during this economic crisis? 13. How did Solon try to resolve the conflict? (138) 14. The most glorious period of Athenian democracy is associated with who? 15. What did Athens become under Pericles? 16. What is philosophy? (139) 17. According to Socrates, what was the goal of education? 18. What format does the Socratic method use to lead pupils to see things for themselves? 19. What work did Plato write? 20. What were the three groups of Plato’s ideal society? 21. What did Plato believe men and women should have the same of? 22. What did Aristotle’s philosophy focus on? (140) 23. What was the name of Aristotle’s work? 24. What three forms of government did Aristotle find “good”? 25. To what groups did the Greek political philosophy pass down to?