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A New Emperor, A New Empire and A New Religion Can a minor things have a major impact? Why or How? Augustus • Senate named Octavian Augustus which means revered or honored one • Augustus dismissed the Senate and waited til the term of Antony’s rule as consul was up to establish himself as Dictator • Rome already controlled land far beyond Italy, under Augustus the Empire continued to spread, including Judea, stretching from Britannia to Persia or Mesopotamia, controlled the Mediterranean calling it the mare nostrum, our sea Augustus, the Senate and the People • Augustus highly intelligent, ignored senate and laws when trying to gain power but after he had control he changed showing respect for the senate and being careful to not act like a king • Said he wanted to share power with the senate, and even said he wanted to restore the Republic • Senate so grateful for peace and prosperity they granted Augustus as much power as he wanted Governing Conquered People • • • • • Romans treated conquered people wisely, took some slaves after a conquest, but most remained free Divided empire into provinces, w/ a governor, supported by an army, built a city as a capital Did not force their way of life on conquered people, allowing own religions as long as they were peaceful and did not interfere with Roman religion Local rulers ran daily affairs, as long as there was peace, and a steady supply of raw materials, buying of Roman goods and the payment of taxes to tax collectors, collected weekly Many conquered people adopted Roman ways including public baths, speaking Latins and worshiping Roman gods Jesus of Nazareth • Augustus ordered a census or count of people be taken in 1 A.D. Joseph and Mary to Bethlehem , Mary gives birth most likely in Spring, shepherds in fields • Wise mean from Persia notice a star and travel to Judea, tell local king Herod of new king’s birth, Herod has babies killed Jesus and parents escape to Egypt, return when Herod dies to Nazareth, Joseph a carpenter • Age 12 barmitzfahed Jesus goes to festival at temple in Jerusalem, began teaching Ministry • At age 30 begins ministry at a wedding, 1st miracle water to wine, teaches in synagogue, kicked out of home town, baptized by John the Baptist began to teach to crowds • Gathers followers called disciples, tells stories to teach lessons called parables, criticizes Jewish leadership, growing in popularity followers included tax collectors, zealots, and fishermen • Three years of ministry of healings, casting out demons, and teaching and feeding people Execution and Betrayal • • • • Jewish leaders accuse of trying to rebel against Romans and lead a revolt, False teaching and Blasphemy of their laws Betrayed by follower Judas Iscariot Arrest Jesus at Passover, trial in Jewish court, beaten, no power to kill, take to Roman Governor Pontius Pilate, sends to Herod Agrippa, beaten again dressed in a robe sent back to Pilate with a crown of thorns on his head, Roman Governor gives Jews a choice for Passover, Barabbas chosen, Jesus scourged by Romans, carries cross to Golgotha, crucified, dies quickly 6hrs, buried in a nearby tomb of a follower Three days later followers declare he is risen from the dead Beginnings of Christianity • 50 days later at Pentecost Christianity spreads in Jewish temple when followers speak in different languages to a huge crowd, 3,000 baptized • Christianity seen as a sect of Judaism, meeting in temple Christianity Spreads • Jews begin to persecute Christians, Saul of Tarsus killed 100’s, converted to xanity spreads religion to Anatolia, Greece and even Rome • 12 disciples called Apostles spread religion to India, Africa, Europe and Asia, write down teachings and letters to gatherings called churches, New Testament, Paul wrote most of it • Christianity still seen as an outlaw illegal religion by Roman Empire and persecution kills 1,000’s Martyrdom • Peter founder of church in Rome, leader of Apostles, crucified upside down • James flayed with knives in India • Paul tried before Emperor Diocletian, beheaded in Coliseum • John survives being boiled in oil, and exile to island of Patmos, writes Revelation there • Every apostle except John martyred