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The Civil War:
The Union Achieves Victory
3.Civil War and Reconstruction
a.Identify and analyze the
technological, social, and
strategic aspects of the Civil
War
b.Explain the influence of
Abraham Lincoln’s philosophy
of the Union and his executive
actions and leadership on the
course of the Civil War
Taking the Mississippi River
-Ulysses S. Grant fought to take
Vicksburg, Mississippi to control the
Mississippi River. The campaign lasted
from May to July in 1863.
-Vicksburg had high levels and armed
soldiers could control river traffic very
easily.
-In July of 1863, Grant took the area.
Gettysburg and Vicksburg cost the South
much of its manpower.
The Confederate States are marked in red.
Border States, choosing to be neutral, are
marked with lines.
Vicksburg was
a strategic
location that
the North
wanted to take
in order to
control the
Mississippi
River.
The Battle of Vicksburg was a vital battle to
ensure that the North could control the
Mississippi River.
The Tactics of William Sherman
-Lincoln made Ulysses S. Grant the
commander of the Union.
-Grant appointed General William
Sherman to serve under him.
-Sherman marched on the South and
utterly devastated and destroyed
various areas with fire, including
Atlanta. He wanted to pursue severe
tactics to force the South to
surrender.
Sherman’s tactics of burning down
towns and cities
Sherman’s men destroying
tracks in Atlanta
The Election of 1864
-Many were upset with the war’s length and
did not want Lincoln reelected.
-However, news of William Sherman’s
victories began to spread around the Union.
-As the North gained ground, Lincoln’s
popularity went back up. Lincoln won the
election of 1864 against his former general,
George McClellan, who represented the
Democrats.
The Electoral College Votes of the
Election of 1864
The Civil War Ends
-Grant initiated an invasion of Northern Virginia
called the Overland Campaign in May of
1864.
-The capital of the Confederacy, Richmond, fell
to the Union on April 3rd, 1865. The
Confederates surrendered at Appomattox,
Virginia on April 9th, 1865.
-The Civil War was over and the North emerged
victorious over the rebellion of the South.
Appomattox Court House, where
the South surrendered.
The Impact of the Civil War on the USA
-Approximately 365,000 Union Soldiers
died and 260,000 Confederate Soldiers
died.
-The Federal Government emerged more
powerful.
-Northern states saw a boom in economic
activity. Southern states had their
economy crash.
The End of Slavery in the USA
-Slavery was eventually abolished.
-The Emancipation Proclamation did
NOT effectively free ALL slaves; Border
States still had slaves.
-However, the 13th Amendment
eventually freed ALL slaves and was a
direct result of the war.
The Loss of a Leader
-Lincoln had plans to reunify the Union. He
did NOT want to severely punish the South.
-Lincoln believed a lenient approach was
the only way the nation could move forward
in peace.
-On April 14, 1865, John Wilkes Booth
assassinated Lincoln at Ford’s Theatre in
Washington. Booth was killed later by Union
soldiers in Virginia.
THE
END
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