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back donation (also known as the Chatt-Dewar-Duncanson model) A description of the bonding of π-conjugated ligands to a transition metal which involves a synergic process with donation of electrons from the filled π-orbital or lone electron pair orbital of the ligand into an empty orbital of the metal (donor-acceptor bond), together with release (back donation) of electrons from an nd orbital of the metal (which is of π-symmetry with respect to the metal-ligand axis) into the empty π*-antibonding orbital of the ligand. 1999, 71, 1925 IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology 2006