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Transcript
The Renaissance in Italy Renaissance = “Rebirth” The Renaissance 1300-1500 • The period after the Middle Ages/Dark Ages and before modern history • At the end of the Black Death (plague) • A time of great art and great thinkers • It marked a shift from an agricultural to a urban society • Trade was of greater importance • (Italian gown shown here) The Renaissance Began in Italy and Later Spread • Italy is where the Roman Empire existed, so architecture & other artifacts were present. • The Pope, head of the Roman Catholic Church, was also in Italy • Geographic location was great for trade to the North, South and East Renaissance Art • Used religious figures, but against classical backgrounds • Artists returned to the realism of classical times using perspective Medieval Portrayals of the Madonna Renaissance Portrayal of the Madonna Leonardo da Vinci • Artist, Scientist, all around Renaissance Man. • -The Mona Lisa • -The Last Supper • -The Vitruvian Man • -Self portrait • BTW – He also robbed graves. The Brilliance of Leonardo • Out of 17 half brothers and sisters, Leonardo was recognized as “unusual” as a child. • Apprenticed to a painter by 15. The Brilliance of Leonardo • Developed interest in science and technology. • Tried to invent rockets, bridges, flying machines, parachutes, fire trucks with extendable ladders, etc. • May have also invented the telescope? • Was a lefty! BTW: • Leonardo and the next Renaissance Man absolutely HATED one another!!! • Both are what we call “Renaissance Men” – Able to do more than one thing quite well! Michelangelo • Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni[ • And we wonder why we just call him “Michelangelo”? • Italian Renaissance painter, sculptor, architect, poet, and engineer. Michelangelo • La Pieta in the Sistine Chapel in Rome. David The Divine Spark Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel Raphael • The School of Athens • Portrayal of the Madonna, mother of Jesus. Self-portrait by Raphael, missing since World War II Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles • Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles were all named after the famous artists of the Renaissance. • Master Splinter and Super Shredder were not. Renaissance Writings • Wrote of philosophy and scholarship • Developed guidebooks for success • Machiavelli wrote a guide for rulers on how to gain and maintain power • He urged rulers to use whatever methods necessary to achieve their goal Machiavelli • “The end justifies the means.” • He has a Machiavellian mind. – NOT a compliment! THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH – the late start! • Northern Europe began the Renaissance nearly 100 years after Italy because they still suffered from the Black Death and had not experienced the same economic growth -until the 1400’s! Where it began in the North • The Northern Renaissance began in a region called Flanders where there were lots of prosperous cities. (Present-day France, Belgium and Netherlands. • It then spread into the remainder of France, Spain, Germany and England. The Printing Revolution • 1455, John Gutenberg of Germany invented a printing press with movable type • Why was this a BIG DEAL? The Gutenberg Bible Ned Flanders Northern Humanists and Writers • Those in the North also stressed education and the classics. • Writing had been in Latin -- began writing in everyday language (the vernacular) • What affect would this have? Erasmus • A Priest and Humanist • Used knowledge of languages and produced a new edition of the Bible • He called for a translation of the Bible into the vernacular • Why was this a big deal? Shakespeare • English poet and playwright • Incorporated Renaissance ideals into a language the people could understand • Introduced more than 1700 new words Shakespeare Insults • “You vomitous mass” • “You crusty botch of nature!” • “I never see thy face but I think upon hell-fire.”