Download Lab1 Internet Basic Tools

Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology
Sem 2| 0910
Lab Module 1: Internet Basic Tools
Objectives:
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To educate on the usage of Internet
To expose various search engine
To teach how to setup Personal Web Server (PWS) or Internet Information Server (IIS)
on local computer and publish the web pages in PWS.
Requirement:
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Internet Explorer 6.0 and above
Internet Connection
 Personal Web Server (PWS) / Internet Information Server (IIS)
Section I: Using Internet Explorer 6.0 and above
Internet Explorer is a Web browser produced by the Microsoft Corporation. This
lab module will cover the major features of version 6.0 and above.
THE TOOLBARS
IE 6.0 and above has two toolbars at the top of the browser window:
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Menu Bar: Contains menu items that open up dropdown lists or related options. Among
the items are options for printing, customizing IE 6.0 and above, copying and pasting
text, managing Favorites, and accessing Help.
Navigation Toolbar: Contains icons for a variety of features including navigating among
Web pages, searching the Web using a selection of search tools, accessing and managing
Favorites, viewing a History of visited pages, printing, and accessing email and
newsgroups.
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Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology
Sem 2| 0910
HOW TO ACCESS RESOURCES ON THE WEB WITH IE 6.0 AND ABOVE
1. If you have the URL (address) of a Web page
Type the URL to go directly to the page. IE 6.0 and above gives you two ways of doing this.
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Type the URL in the Address bar at the top of the screen. To accomplish this, click on
the Address bar to highlight the current URL. Then type in the new URL and press
the Enter key.
 Click on File/Open at the top left of the screen. A pop-up window will appear with a
text entry window. Within that window, type the URL of the file you wish to retrieve.
Press the Enter key.
2. If you are on a Web page
Click on
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words or images which change the shape of the mouse pointer from an arrow to a
hand and display a URL on the bottom of the screen when the mouse pointer is
placed over it
 the blue words on the display screen
 the purple words on the display screen (the purple color indicates that the resource
has been recently accessed on your terminal)
Note: The color blue is generally the default color for text that contains a link, and
purple is the default color for text representing a link that has been visited in the
recent past. Nowadays, Web page creators are coloring their links in all sorts of
ways. The best way to figure out which text represents a link is to position your
mouse over the words and see if the pointer shape changes from an arrow to a
hand. The hand represents a link.
3. If you want to use pre-installed links
IE 6.0 and above offers a collection of Web sites in its Favorites collection. Click on
Favorites on either the text bar or the tool bar at the top of the screen to access
these resources.
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Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology
Sem 2| 0910
NAVIGATING THE WEB WITH IE 6.0 AND ABOVE
IE 6.0 and above allows you to move back and forth among the Web pages that you visit
during a session.
To go back to previous sites:
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Click on the small Back left arrow on the navigation bar near the top left corner of
your screen. Each time you click on this arrow, you will return to the next previous
site that you visited. If you hold your mouse over the Back arrow, the title of the
upcoming page will briefly appear.
To skip farther back, click on the small black triangle to the right of the word Back.
This will bring up a list of pages you have visited. Click on any one of these choices to
return to the desired page. This is the equivalent of clicking on the Back arrow
several times.
To move forward:
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When you have returned to previous sites with the Back arrow, you can go forward
again by clicking on the small right-pointing arrow next to the Back arrow. If you
hold your mouse over this arrow, the title of the upcoming page will briefly appear.
To move farther ahead, click on the small black triangle to the right of the Forward
arrow in the menu bar at the top of the screen. This presents a list of several sites
you have visited. Click on any of the choices to return to the desired site. This is the
equivalent of clicking on the Forward arrow several times.
ADDITIONAL TOOLBAR OPTIONS
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Stop: The circle containing the X will stop a page while it is in the process of loading.
This is useful if a page is not successfully or speedily retrieving.
Refresh: The square containing the two curved arrows re-retrieves the page you are
currently viewing. This is useful if the page does not load successfully or completely.
Home: The home icon takes you back to the page that was on the screen when you
first started IE 6.0 and above. You can customize your selection.
Search: The search button opens up a function that uses one or more Web search
tools. You can choose the search tool(s) you want as your default.
You can also customize your search experience. After clicking on Search, choose the
Customize option and make your selection. A pop-up window called "Customize Search
Settings" will appear. If you choose to "Use the Search Assistant for Smart Searching,"
broad search topics will be displayed and the appropriate search tool will be queried.
You can also opt to have IE 6.0 and above remember your last 10 searches so that you
can easily repeat them.
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Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology
Sem 2| 0910
Also notice that you can click a button called "Autosearch settings." This allows you to
choose the search tool you want when you use the Address bar as a search window. You
can also customize this option on the "When searching" line. You can even choose to
turn off the use of the Address bar as a search window. If you do this, all words you type
into the Address bar will be interpreted as URLs.
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Favorites: Favorites are Web sites you have visited that you would like to store for
easy access. You can add, delete and organize your Favorites.
o To add the current Web page as a favorite, click on Favorites and then Add.
To choose the folder where you want to store this listing, click on Create in
and choose the folder you want. At this point, you also have the option to
create a new folder.
o To delete a Favorite, simply right click on the item and choose Delete. Or, you
can choose Organize, select the desired item, and click on the Delete button.
o To move a favorite to another folder, click on Organize, select the desired
item, and click on Move to folder. In the pop-up window, select the folder
where you would like to store this listing.
History: The history function allows you to view and select Web pages you have
recently visited. You can sort your items by clicking on the black triangle to the right
of the word View. You can sort by size, date, the number of times visited, and the
order you have visited today.
Mail: You can read email from this window. Choose the email software you wish to
use by going back to the Menu Bar and choosing Tools/Internet Options/Programs.
Print: Allows you to print the current page. This option will be explained in more
detail below under Printing.
Edit: You may edit the current page in the HTML editor of your choice. Choose the
editor by going back to the Menu Bar and choosing Tools/Internet
Options/Programs.
Discuss: You may set a default Usenet newsgroup server.
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Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology
Sem 2| 0910
USEFUL OPTIONS ON THE MENU BAR
The menu bar at the top of the screen includes some useful options. Here are a few
highlights.
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File/New/Window: You can open up a second copy of IE 6.0 and above by using this
feature. This allows you to visit more than one Web page at a time.
File/Edit with...: You can edit the current Web page using the HTML editor of your
choice. Choose the editor by going back to the Menu Bar and choosing
Tools/Internet Options/Programs. You choices will be determined by software
installed on your computer.
Edit/Find (on This Page): IE 6.0 and above allows you to do a text search of the
document on your screen. Choose this option and type in the word or phrase you
wish to search.
Tools/Show Related Links: IE 6.0 and above will display pages that are related in
content to the current page. This is a service of Alexa, a Web content and traffic
analysis company.
Translate using Gist-In-Time: This option will take you to a translation service on the
Web and offer a limited number of language translation options.
The Tools menu offers you many ways to customize IE 6.0 and above This will be covered
below under Customizing Internet Explorer.
SAVING WEB DOCUMENTS FOR LATER USE: HOW TO DOWNLOAD, AND PRINT
You can download to disk, email, or print the Web page on the IE 6.0 and above screen.
To DOWNLOAD
1. Click on File/Save As (top left of screen). A pop-up window will appear.
2. Save in: Choose the desired drive.
3. File/Save as type: Make sure you save the page to the file type that will be useful to
you. If you save the page as a Web page, you will need a Web browser or HTML
editor to view it. A text file (txt) can be viewed in a word processing program such a
Word or WordPerfect.
4. Click on Save
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Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology
Sem 2| 0910
To PRINT
To PRINT THE ENTIRE DOCUMENT
1. Click on the Print icon on the Tool Bar
2. Click on OK
To PRINT SELECTED PAGES
1. Click on File/Print Preview (top left of screen)
2. Click through the pages using the navigation arrows and make a note of which pages
you want to print
3. Click on Print (top left of screen)
4. Click on the circle next to "Pages"
5. Type in the pages separate by commas, e.g., 1, 5-6, 7, 9
6. OR, to print the page displayed in the Print Preview window, choose Current Page.
7. Click on OK.
THE RIGHT MOUSE BUTTON
The right mouse button offers a number of useful features if you are using a PC. To view the
possibilities, press down on the right mouse button and hold it. Options will display in a
pop-up window.
The following is a selected list of right mouse button options.
1. WHEN THE MOUSE POINTER IS ON THE SCREEN (but not on a link or an image)
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Back: Moves back to the previously visited page in your history list (same as Back
icon)
Forward: Moves forward to the next page in your history list (same as Forward icon)
Select All: Selects all the text on the page for copying and pasting
Create Shortcut: Creates a shortcut to the current Web page on your desktop
Add to Favorites: Adds the current Web page to your Favorites
View Source: Brings up the HTML source code of the current page
Encoding: Allows you to choose a language
Print: Prints the current document
Refresh: Reloads the current page from the server
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Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology
Sem 2| 0910
2. WHEN THE MOUSE POINTER IS OVER A LINK
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Open: Opens the page
Open in New Window: Opens the link in a new copy of IE 6.0 and above
Save Target As: Saves the link as a file
Print Target: Prints the link
Copy Shortcut: Copies the URL to the Clipboard for pasting into a text editor or word
processing program
Add to Favorites: Adds the selected page to your Favorites
3. WHEN THE MOUSE POINTER IS OVER AN IMAGE
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Save Picture As: Saves the image to a disk drive of your choice
Set as Wallpaper: Uses the image as your desktop wallpaper
Set as Desktop Item: Sets the image as an Active Desktop item
Copy: Copies the image to the Clipboard for pasting into a graphics editing program
Add to Favorites: Adds the selected images to your Favorites
CUSTOMIZING INTERNET EXPLORER
IE 6.0 and above offers a number of customization options. This section will highlight some of
the more useful features available under Tools/Internet Options on the Menu Bar.
Tools/Internet Options is divided into six tabs. Each one is explained below.
1. General
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Home Page: Specify the URL of the page you want to appear whenever you open IE 6.0
and above, or whenever you click on the Home icon
Temporary Internet Files: This option allows you to view the files in your browser's
cache. The cache holds viewed Web pages for subsequent quick viewing. Retrieving a
file from the cache is much faster than repeated trips to the remote Web server where
the file originated. You can customize the Settings to decide how often to check for
newer pages, to specify how much disk space to reserve for your cache, and to view files
in the cache.
History: This option customizes your access to pages you have visited with the History
function. Here you can set the number of days to keep pages in your history.
Colors: Choose colors for links, visited links, and link hovers (the color appearing when
your mouse is over a link). You can also set a default text and background color.
Fonts: Select the language script, the font displayed in Web pages, and the font
displayed as plain text.
Languages: Select the language that will display Web pages accessed with IE 6.0 and
above.
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Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology
Sem 2| 0910
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Accessibility: Choose to ignore colors, font sizes and font styles on Web pages. You can
also set a style sheet as the display template for all Web pages viewed with IE 6.0 and
above.
2. Security
Here you can set levels of security for individual Web pages. See IE 6.0 and above's Help
menus for more information.
3. Content
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Content Advisor: You can enable ratings of objectional content to control the pages that
may be viewed with this browser.
Certificates: This feature allows you to manage the identification certificates you may
have. See the Help menus for more information.
Personal Information: This consists of two options. AutoComplete will store entered
Web address, information entered into forms, and usernames and passwords needed to
access sites you have visited. When you are using your browser, previous entries will
come up as choices so that you don't have to retype the information. This can make
your work go much faster. You can customize these options, and delete your settings.
My Profile offers a template for enteringr personal information. If a Web site requests
this information, you can give permission for it to be used.
4. Connections
Here you can store the information about your Internet Service Provider, configure your
LAN settings, or send your browser requests through a proxy server.
5. Programs
Here you can set the programs you want the browser to use for HTML editing, email,
Usenet news, collaboration ("Internet Call"), your calendar and contact list.
6. Advanced
This screen offers a number of options in the categories of accessibility, browsing, HTTP
settings, Microsoft VM (Virtual Machine), multimedia access, printing, searching and
security. Set these options if you are comfortable with them.
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Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology
Sem 2| 0910
Section II : Information Retrieval And Web Search Strategies
Because the Web is not indexed in any standard manner, finding information can seem difficult.
Search engines are popular tools for locating web pages, but they often return thousands of
results. Search engines crawl the Web and log the words from the web pages they find in their
databases. Because some search engines have logged the words from over 500 million
documents, results can be overwhelming. Without a clear search strategy, using a search
engine is like wandering aimlessly in the stacks of a library trying to find a particular book.
Successful searching involves two key steps. First, you must have a clear understanding of how
to prepare your search. You must identify the main concepts in your topic and determine any
synonyms, alternate spellings, or variant word forms for the concepts. Second, you need to
know how to use the various search tools available on the Internet. For example, search
engines (e.g., AltaVista) are very different than subject directories (e.g., Yahoo). Even search
engines themselves can vary greatly in size, accuracy, features, and flexibility.
This lab module presents an easy-to-follow process on using search engines and subject
directories for finding what you need on the World Wide Web
Some popular search engines
1. Yahoo
http://www.yahoo.com
2. Google
http://www.google.com
3. Opera
http://www.opera.com
4. Excite
http://www.excite.com
Subject Directories
A subject directory is a catalog of sites collected and organized by humans. Subject directories
are often called subject "trees" because they start with a few main categories and then branch
out into subcategories, topics, and subtopics. To find the homepage for the Atlanta Braves at
Yahoo!, for example, select "Recreation & Sports" at the top level, "Sports" at the next level,
"Baseball" at the third level, "Major League Baseball" at the fourth level, "Teams" at the fifth
level, then finally "Atlanta Braves."
Because humans organize the websites in subject directories, you can often find a good starting
point if your topic is included. Directories are also useful for finding information on a topic
when you don't have a precise idea of what you need. Many large directories include a keyword
search option which usually eliminates the need to work through numerous levels of topics and
subtopics.
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Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology
Sem 2| 0910
Because directories cover only a small fraction of the pages available on the Web, they are
most effective for finding general information on popular or scholarly subjects. If you are
looking for something specific, use a search engine.
Practice
Instruction:
Type
the
address
in
your
browser
Google: http://www.google.com
Yahoo! : http://www.yahoo.com/
Lelong : http://www.lelong.com.my/
Facebook : http://www.facebook.com/
Download.net : http://www.download.net/
Internet Public Library : http://www.ipl.org/ref/
Librarians' Index to the Internet : http://www.lii.org/
The WWW Virtual Library : http://vlib.org/Overview.html
Search Engines
Search engines are very different from subject directories. While humans organize and catalog
subject directories, search engines rely on computer programs called spiders or robots to crawl
the Web and log the words on each page. With a search engine, keywords related to a topic are
typed into a search "box." The search engine scans its database and returns a file with links to
websites containing the word or words specified. Because these databases are very large,
search engines often return thousands of results. Without search strategies or techniques,
finding what you need can be like finding a needle in a haystack.
To use search engines effectively, it is essential to apply techniques that narrow results and
push the most relevant pages to the top of the results list. Below are a number of strategies for
boosting search engine performance. For the practice session, use Altavista advanced search at
this address.
http://www.altavista.com
(and click on advanced search)
IDENTIFY KEYWORDS
When conducting a search, break down the topic into key concepts. For example, to find
information on what the FCC has said about the wireless communications industry, the
keywords might be:
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Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology
Sem 2| 0910
FCC wireless communication
BOOLEAN AND
Connecting search terms with AND tells the search engine to retrieve web pages containing ALL
the keywords.
FCC and wireless and communication
The search engine will not return pages with just the word FCC. Neither will it return pages with
the word FCC and the word wireless. The search engine will only return pages where the words
FCC, wireless, and communication all appear somewhere on the page. Thus, AND helps to
narrow your search results as it limits results to pages where all the keywords appear.
Practice AND
PRACTICE 1
1. Type keywords connected with and in the Boolean query search box to find web pages
with information on using teams to motivate employees and to increase productivity.
2. IMPORTANT: Choose the single most important keyword for your search and type it
again in the Sort by search box.
NOTE: AltaVista's Advanced Search page requires a keyword in the Sort by search box to
rank sites according to relevancy. Without a keyword in the Sort by box, AltaVista
returns results in random order.
3. Click the Search button.
4. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest.
5. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the
next set of 10 results.
PRACTICE 2
1. Type keywords connected with and in the Boolean query search box to find web pages
with information on steps to take to reduce the risk of heart disease.
2. Choose the single most important keyword for your search and type it again in the Sort
by search box.
3. Click the Search button.
4. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest.
5. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the
next set of 10 results.
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Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology
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BOOLEAN OR
Linking search terms with OR tells the search engine to retrieve web pages containing ANY and
ALL keywords.
(FCC or wireless or communication)
When OR is used, the search engine returns pages with a single keyword, several keywords, and
all keywords. Thus, OR expands your search results. Use OR when you have common synonyms
for a keyword. Surround OR statements with parentheses for best results. To narrow results as
much as possible, combine OR statements with AND statements.
For example, the following search statement locates information on purchasing a used car:
(car or automobile or vehicle) and (buy or purchase) and used
Practice OR & AND
PRACTICE 1
1. Type keywords connected with or and and in the Boolean query search box to get ideas
on popular hobbies for children.
2. IMPORTANT: Choose the single most important keyword for your search and type it
again in the Sort by search box.
3. Click the Search button.
4. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest.
5. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the
next set of 10 results.
PRACTICE 2
1. Type keywords connected with or and and in the Boolean query search box to find web
pages on fixing a clogged sink.
2. Choose the single most important keyword for your search and type it again in the Sort
by search box.
3. Click the Search button.
4. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest.
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5. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the
next set of 10 results.
BOOLEAN AND NOT
AND NOT tells the search engine to retrieve web pages containing one keyword but not the
other.
dolphins and not Miami
The above example instructs the search engine to return web pages about dolphins but not
web pages about the "Miami Dolphins" football team. Use AND NOT when you have a keyword
that has multiple meanings. The need for AND NOT often becomes apparent after you perform
an initial search. If your search results contain irrelevant results (e.g., Saturn the car rather than
Saturn the planet), consider using AND NOT to filter out the undesired websites.
Practice AND NOT
PRACTICE 1
1. Type keywords connected with and not in the Boolean query search box to find
websites about cowboys and not the Dallas Cowboys.
2. IMPORTANT: Type cowboys again in the Sort by search box.
3. Click the Search button.
4. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest.
5. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the
next set of 10 results.
PRACTICE 2
1. Type keywords connected with and not in the Boolean query search box to find web
pages about the position of CIO and not AFL-CIO.
NOTE: CIO stands for "Chief Information Officer."
2.
3.
4.
5.
Type CIO again in the Sort by search box.
Click the Search button.
Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest.
Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the
next set of 10 results.
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IMPLIED BOOLEAN: PLUS & MINUS
In many search engines, the plus and minus symbols can be used as alternatives to full Boolean
AND and AND NOT. The plus sign (+) is the equivalent of AND, and the minus sign (-) is the
equivalent of AND NOT. There is no space between the plus or minus sign and the keyword.
NOTE: GO and AltaVista's Simple Search require the use of plus and minus rather than AND, OR,
and AND NOT. For GO and AltaVista, the absence of any symbol is the equivalent of OR.
+welding +process
+Saturn -car
couch sofa
IMPORTANT: Use AltaVista's Simple Search for implied Boolean (+/-) searches, and use
AltaVista's Advanced Search for full Boolean (AND, OR, AND NOT) searches.
Practice Implied Boolean (+/-)
PRACTICE 1
1. Using Alta Vista's Simple Search Page, type keywords using + (plus) and - (minus) in the
search box to find information on the causes of jaundice.
2. Click the Search button.
3. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest.
4. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the
next set of 10 results.
PRACTICE 2
1. Type keywords using + (plus) and - (minus) in the search box to find information on
apples (the fruit) and not the computer.
2. Click the Search button.
3. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest.
4. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the
next set of 10 results.
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PHRASE SEARCHING
Surrounding a group of words with double quotes tells the search engine to only retrieve
documents in which those words appear side-by-side. Phrase searching is a powerful search
technique for significantly narrowing your search results, and it should be used as often as
possible.
"John F. Kennedy"
"Walt Disney World"
"global warming"
For best results, combine phrase searching with implied Boolean (+/-) or full Boolean (AND, OR,
and AND NOT) logic.
+"heart disease" +cause
"heart disease" and cause
The above example tells the search engine to retrieve pages where the words heart disease
appear side-by-side and the word cause appears somewhere else on the page.
NOTE ON IMPLIED BOOLEAN LOGIC (+/-): When a phrase search is combined with additional
keywords using implied Boolean logic (+/-), you must put a plus or minus sign before the phrase
as well as the other keywords. If the search involves a phrase with no additional keywords (e.g.,
"Walt Disney World"), the plus sign before the quotes is optional.
Practice Phrase Searching (Implied)
PRACTICE
1. Type keywords using phrase searching and implied Boolean logic (+/-) to find a recipe
for sweet potato pie.
2. Click the Search button.
3. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest.
4. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the
next set of 10 results.
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Practice Phrase Searching (Full Boolean)
PRACTICE
1. Type keywords using phrase searching and full Boolean logic (and, or, and not) to find
treatments for a bee sting.
2. IMPORTANT: Choose the single most important keyword for your search and type it
again in the Sort by search box.
NOTE: AltaVista's Advanced Search page requires a keyword in the Sort by search box to
rank sites according to relevancy. Without a keyword in the Sort by box, AltaVista simply
returns all results in random order.
3. Click the Search button.
4. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest.
5. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the
next set of 10 results.
PLURAL FORMS, CAPITAL LETTERS, AND ALTERNATE SPELLINGS
Most search engines interpret lower case letters as either upper or lower case. Thus, if you
want both upper and lower case occurrences returned, type your keywords in all lower case
letters. However, if you want to limit your results to initial capital letters (e.g., "George
Washington") or all upper case letters, type your keywords that way.
Like capitalization, most search engines interpret singular keywords as singular or plural. If you
want plural forms only, make your keywords plural.
A few search engines support truncation or wildcard features that allow variations in spelling or
word forms. The asterisk (*) symbol tells the search engine to return alternate spellings for a
word at the point that the asterisk appears. For example, capital* returns web pages with
capital, capitals, capitalize, and capitalization.
Practice Truncation (Implied)
PRACTICE
1. Type keywords using truncation, phrase searching, and implied Boolean logic (+/-) to
find information on subscribing to electronic mailing lists.
2. Click the Search button.
3. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest.
4. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the
next set of 10 results.
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Practice Truncation (Full Boolean)
PRACTICE
1. Type keywords using truncation and full Boolean logic (and, or, and not) to find tips for
conserving water.
2. Click the Search button.
3. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest.
4. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the
next set of 10 results.
TITLE SEARCH
Field searching is one of the most effective techniques for narrowing results and getting the
most relevant websites listed at the top of the results page. A web page is composed of a
number of fields, such as title, domain, host, URL, and link. Searching effectiveness increases as
you combine field searches with phrase searches and Boolean logic. For example, if you wanted
to find information about George Washington and his wife Martha, you could try the following
search:
+title:"George Washington" +President +Martha
title:"George Washington" and President and Martha
The above TITLE SEARCH example instructs the search engine to return web pages where the
phrase George Washington appears in the title and the words President and Martha appear
somewhere on the page. Like plus and minus, there is no space between the colon (:) and the
keyword.
Practice Title Searching (Implied)
PRACTICE
1. Type keywords using title searching and implied Boolean logic (+/-) to find information
on preventing Lyme disease.
2. Click the Search button.
3. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest.
4. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the
next set of 10 results.
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Practice Title Searching (Full Boolean)
PRACTICE
1. Type keywords using title searching and full Boolean logic (and, or, and not) to find
information on who invented the game Monopoly.
2. Choose the single most important keyword for your search and type it again in the Sort
by search box.
3. Click the Search button.
4. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest.
5. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the
next set of 10 results.
DOMAIN SEARCH
In addition to the title search, other helpful field searching strategies include the domain
search, the host search, the link search, and the URL search. The DOMAIN SEARCH allows you
to limit results to certain domains such as websites from the United Kingdom (.uk), educational
institutions (.edu), or government sites (.gov).
+domain:uk +title:"Queen Elizabeth"
domain:uk and title:"Queen Elizabeth"
+domain:edu +"lung cancer" +smok*
domain:edu and "lung cancer" and smok*
The current U.S. domains are the following:
.com
.edu
.gov
.org
.mil
.net
=
=
=
=
a
an
a
a
=
= a network site
a
commercial
educational
governmental
non-profit
military
business
institution
institution
organization
site
Most websites originating outside the U.S. have a country domain indicating the country of
origin.
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Practice Domain Searching (Implied)
PRACTICE
1. Type keywords using domain searching and implied Boolean logic (+/-) to search educational
institutions for information on the relationship between sleep and memory.
2. Click the Search button.
3. Scroll down and review the first 10 results.
NOTE: All websites should be from the .edu domain. Notice that .edu appears in the first part of
the website address for each result.
4. Click on any links of interest.
5. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the next set
of 10 results.
Practice Domain Searching (Full Boolean)
PRACTICE
1. Type keywords using domain searching and full Boolean logic (and, or, and not) to search
government websites for information on monuments in national parks.
2. Choose the single most important keyword for your search and type it again in the Sort by
search box.
3. Click the Search button.
4. Scroll down and review the first 10 results.
NOTE: All websites should be from the .gov domain. Notice that .gov appears in the first part of the
website address for each result.
5. Click on any links of interest.
6. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the next set
of 10 results.
HOST SEARCH
The HOST SEARCH comes in handy when you need to find something located at a large site that
does not have an internal search engine. With this search technique, you can search all the
pages at a website (contained in the engine's database) for keywords or phrases of interest.
NOTE: Because the major search engines do not always log an entire website, use an internal
search engine, if the website has one, for best results.
+host:www.disney.com +"special offer"
host:www.disney.com and "special offer"
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Practice Host Searching (Implied)
PRACTICE
1. Use host searching and implied Boolean logic (+/-) to search McDonald's site to find
information on McDonald's fries.
2. Click the Search button.
3. Scroll down and review the first 10 results.
NOTE: All results should be from the mcdonalds.com website.
4. Click on any links of interest.
Practice Host Searching (Full Boolean)
PRACTICE
1. Use host searching and full Boolean logic (and, or, and not) to search NASA's site to find
information on the Space Station.
2. Choose the single most important keyword for your search and type it again in the Sort
by search box.
3. Click the Search button.
4. Scroll down and review the first 10 results.
NOTE: All results should be from the nasa.gov website.
5. Click on any links of interest.
6. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the
next set of 10 results.
URL SEARCH
The URL SEARCH limits search results to web pages where the keyword appears in the URL or
website address. A URL search can narrow very broad results to web pages devoted to the
keyword topic.
+url:halloween +title:stories
url:halloween and title:stories
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Practice URL Searching (Implied)
PRACTICE
1. Type keywords using url searching and implied Boolean logic (+/-) to find a Halloween story
about ghosts.
2. Click the Search button.
3. Scroll down and review the first 10 results.
4. Click on any links of interest.
5. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the next set
of 10 results.
Practice URL Searching (Full Boolean)
PRACTICE
1. Type keywords using url searching and full Boolean logic (and, or, and not) to find tips on safety
during a tornado.
2. Choose the single most important keyword for your search and type it again in the Sort by
search box.
3. Click the Search button.
4. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest.
5. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the next set
of 10 results.
LINK SEARCH
Use the LINK SEARCH when you want to know what websites are linked to a particular site of
interest. For example, if you have a home page and you are wondering if anyone has put a link
to your page on their website, use the Link search. Researchers use link searches for conducting
backward citations.
link:www.pepsi.com
link:www.ipl.org/ref/
Practice Link Searching (Implied)
PRACTICE
1. Use link searching to find sites that link to the home page for the White House.
NOTE: The address is: http://www.whitehouse.gov
2. Click the Search button.
3. Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest.
4. Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the next set
of 10 results.
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Practice Link Searching (Full Boolean)
PRACTICE
1.
2.
3.
4.
Use link searching to find websites that link to Yahoo.
Click the Search button.
Scroll down and review the first 10 results. Click on any links of interest.
Scroll down toward the bottom of the page. Click on 2 (just below the last result) for the next set
of 10 results.
Preparing for search
By spending a few minutes clarifying your search, you can increase your chances of finding what
you need fast and effectively.
STEP 1: STATE WHAT YOU WANT TO FIND
First, in one or two sentences, state what you want to find on the Internet. For example:
I want to find information on popular methods of losing weight.
What are the characteristics to look for when purchasing a diamond?
When do the Monarch butterflies migrate?
STEP 2: IDENTIFY KEYWORDS
Next, underline the main concepts in the statement.
I want to find information on popular methods of losing weight.
What are the characteristics to look for when purchasing a diamond?
When do the Monarch butterflies migrate?
STEP 3: SELECT SYNONYMS AND VARIANT WORD FORMS
List synonyms, alternate spellings, and variant word forms of each keyword.
popular common favorite
methods method ways way techniques technique
losing lose reducing reduce reduction
weight fat dieting diet
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STEP 4: COMBINE SYNONYMS, KEYWORDS, AND VARIANT WORD FORMS
Combine synonyms with Boolean OR.
NOTE: Place parentheses around OR statements.
(popular or common or favorite)
(methods or method or ways or way or techniques or technique)
(losing or lose or reducing or reduce or reduction)
(weight or fat or dieting or diet)
Use truncation with an asterisk symbol (*) to combine variant word forms.
(popular or common or favorite)
(method* or way* or technique*)
(los* or reduc*)
(weight or fat or diet*)
Combine keywords with Boolean AND.
(popular or common or favorite) and
(method* or way* or technique*) and
(los* or reduc*) and
(weight or fat or diet*)
STEP 5: CHECK YOUR SPELLING
Search engines return websites with words that match your keywords. If you misspell a
keyword, your results will contain websites where that word is also misspelled.
Practice
Instruction: Use any search engine and try to find the answer for these questions. Please
write down the address where you get the answers.
1. What U.S. President was born in a town named Caldwell?
2. What are the two species of elephants?
3. Who played in the 1979 World Series?
4. From what place did the Ebola virus get its name?
5. What is the address of the Empire State Building?
6. What is North Carolina's state bird?
7. When did Dr. Seuss win the Pulitzer Prize?
8. Who invented the paper clip?
9. What was "Lady Bird" Johnson's maiden name?
10. What country had the largest recorded earthquake?
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Section III : Installing PWS/IIS
(Students are advised to do the following installing in their own PC)
For Window 95/98/Me
Installing Personal Web Server
This section concerns installing Microsoft's Personal Web Server (PWS) 4.0 on Windows 98 SE,
since that's the system I had available to install and test on. PWS is also available for Windows
95 and NT.
Note: If you are running Windows 2000 or Windows XP Professional (NOT XP Home Edition) you
should install IIS instead of PWS (See below).
PWS is best described as a poor mans web server - it is not intended to be used in a production
environment. However, it is perfect for use on your own computer, where it allows you to test
your scripts before uploading to your production server or Internet Service Provider (ISP).
Starting the Installation
There are two places you can get PWS, both of which are free. The Windows 98 CD includes it,
and you can download it from the Microsoft web site.
Warning 1: Microsoft does not recommend installing PWS on Windows Me or XP Home Edition,
although they admit it can if you are an "advanced user who regularly tests unsupported
software
configurations".
Warning 2: There is a fairly rare problem with MTS that may cause you problems later.
Downloading from Microsoft.com
If you don't have the Windows 98 CD, you can download the NT4 Option Pack which, believe it
or not, contains Personal Web Server for Windows 95 and 98.
Be aware that the download is 34mb, which will take nearly 3 hours to download with a 28.8
modem.
To start the download, follow these steps:
1. Go to the microsoft.com web site.
2. Follow the instructions on the web site, choosing Windows 95 as the operating system
even if you're running on Windows 98.
3. After the download, the installation starts.
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Installing from Windows 98 CD
The Windows 98 CD includes PWS, but you need to run a separate setup program to fully install
and configure it. Microsoft recommends that you have at least a 90 MHz Pentium processor
with 20-32 MB RAM, 40MB free disk space and a Super VGA monitor
To start the installation, follow these steps:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Insert your Windows 98 CD in its drive.
Click Start and then click Run.
In the Run dialog box, type x:\add-ons\pws\setup.exe
Substitute the letter of your CD drive for x, and click OK.
The following screen will appear.
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Since we're installing PWS specifically for running ASP applications, we need to override
Microsoft's recommendations, and go for the Custom button.
The Typical installation doesn't include the excellent ASP documentation, so we'll ask the Setup
to install it.
The custom installation has all the Typical components selected, so all we need to do is find the
checkbox for the ASP documentation, and check it! It's 3 levels down…
Highlight "Personal Web Server (PWS)", being careful not to uncheck the box, then choose
"Show Subcomponents…"
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Second level down now, getting closer.
Highlight "Documentation", again without unchecking the checkbox, then choose "Show
Subcomponents…"
Finally we arrive at the relevant page.
Check the checkbox next to "Active Server Pages", then choose OK.
Choose OK once more, then Next to continue with the next step of the installation.
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Accept the default path, or change it - it's up to you! I recommend using the default.
After waiting for the installation to complete, you'll be asked to restart your computer (but wait
just a minute).
When you do, you'll see something new in your system tray on the
which shows that your PWS is now up and running. Congratulations!
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A quick way to test it is to go to the following URL - write this down, and bookmark it in your
browser later - http://localhost/iishelp. This brings up the excellent help that covers PWS and
has a handy ASP reference too.
Note: On some systems that URL has been reported as not working, so use the long-hand
version instead: http://localhost/iishelp/pws/misc/default.asp
OK, if you're installing PWS with this lab module running, go ahead and restart your computer
now!
To place your own web site you need to place your own web page in the 'c:\inetpub\wwwroot'
directory making sure the page is called Default.htm or Default.asp. Now when you type 'http://
followed by your computer name', into your web browser you should see your own home page.
For Window 2000/XP
If you are running Windows 2000 Professional on your computer you can install Microsoft's
web server, Internet Information Server (IIS) for free from the Windows 2000 Pro installation
CD and configure it to run on your system by following the instructions below: 1. Place the Windows 2000 Professional CD-Rom into your CD-Rom Drive.
2. Open 'Add/Remove Windows Components' found in 'Add/Remove Programs' in the
'Control Panel'.
3. Place a tick in the check box for 'Internet Information Services (IIS)' leaving all the default installation
settings intact.
4. Once IIS is installed on your machine you can configure IIS through the 'Personal Web Manager' found
in the 'Administration Tools' in the 'Control Panel'.
5. Double-click on the 'Personal Web Manager' icon.
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6. Once the Personal Web Manager is open you will see the Main dialog box were it will show
your home page and home directory default values. Where the home page is shown below
as 'http://My_Computer', will be 'http://' followed by the name of your computer. Clicking
on each of these values will open your home page in your default web browser or open the
default home directory in Windows Explorer.
7. To view your home page in a web browser type 'http://localhost' (you can substitute
'localhost' for the name of your computer) into the address bar of your web browser. If you
are not sure of the name of your computer right-click on the 'My Computer' icon on your
desktop, select 'Properties' from the shortcut menu, and click on the 'Network
Identification' tab.
8. Until you place your own web site in the default directory for the web servers home page
you should now be looking at the documentation for IIS.
9. To place your own web site in place of the IIS documentation in your home page you need
to place your own web page in the 'c:\inetpub\wwwroot' directory making sure the page is
called Default.htm or Default.asp. Now when you type 'http:// followed by your computer
name', into your web browser you should see your own home page.
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