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IMPROVEMENT OF REACTIVE POWER BY TSR Hetal P. Patel1, Assist. S.L.Kailya2 1,3 Department of Electrical Engineering, Gujarat Technological University Rajkot, India Address [email protected] [email protected] Abstract— In long EHV transmission lines at lightly loaded condition the receiving loaded condition, the receiving end voltage goes beyond the sending end voltage due to leading capacitive charging. Moreover the problem of power factor deviation and reactive power disturbance also occurs. In such condition TSR provides effective and promising against these problems. TSR consumes lagging reactive current and reduces the leading capacitive current and reduces the leading capacitive current of the transmission line. In this paper simulation of TSR is carried out and ability to generate lagging re-active current at different firing angle is compared. Keywords— Flexible AC Transmission systems, Thyristor, Switched Reactors, SVC, MATLAB I. INTRODUCTION Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) Controllers can be used for solving these problems. Different types of FACTS controllers are described. Flexible AC Transmission system (FACTS) is a new integrated concept based on power electronic switching converters to enhance the system utilization and power transfer capacity as well as stability, security and reliability, power quality of AC system interconnections. Flexible AC Trans-mission Systems (FACTS) by incorporating power electronic controllers.[2] FACTS in AC system can be used compensation, control of phase angle, voltage control, damping of system oscillations and control of power flow in transmission line. Power factor is the phase shift between the phase shift the voltage and line voltage and line current waveforms. Power factor is necessary for working of electrical equipments. The thyristors switched reactor based SVC to load voltage has been examined in the three phase system at statics load and dynamic load conditions. Power factor is a small amount of reactive power is necessary for working of electrical equipments. Power factors can be increased by (1) synchronous motor or synchronous generators (2) capacitor banks (3) synchronous condensers (4) static VAR compensators (5) static synchronous compensator. SVC based two types: 1. TSR 2. TCR Basically fc-tcr (fixed capacitor-thyristors controlled reactor) in this device the Q value of the capacitor is constant as the capacitor is a fixed one and we can get the required reactive power by varying the Q of inductor using thyristors. QREQ = QCAP - QTCR for TSC (THYRISTOR SWITCHED CAPACITOR) here we can vary the thyrisors in only two ways ie. Full or partial conduction. But in tcr we can vary the thyristors angle from 0-180° usually a combination of tcr, tsc and tsr makes a svc[3]. II. PRINCIPLES OF TSR TSR is a shunt connected devices that can absorb reactive power.TSR having following properties: its operating principle simple, delay of one half a cycle and no generating of harmonics.fig 1. The TSR equivalent circuit is show.TSR consists of two thyristors in anti-parallel and to be switched. BLOCK DIAGRAM: Fig.1 Main structure of TSR In 3-phase application the basic TSR elements are connected in delta. The control in TSR two techniques are: 1. either fully on, 2. either fully off. 3-phase system long transmission line one load is connected. Indicator is also connected to the transmission line[4]. The transmission line CT and PT is also is also calculated to impedance calculation.TSR is connected and two anti parallel switches connected. The TSR firing angle calculation using zero inductive current controller.TSR based SVC equivalent circuit Fig 2. TSR-Based SVC Configuration The SVC is acquired to reactive and capacitive operation interval. Thyristor in structure of TSR are fired at the positive/negative peak of the source voltage or at the zero crossing of the line current. The harmonic generation has been prevented in the energy system [5]. Fig 3. Basic Block Diagram III. DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION The TSR is a special case of a TCR in which the variable firing angle control option is not exercised. In the device is operated in two states only: either fully on or fully off. If the thyristor valves are fired exactly at the voltage peaks corresponding to AC 90 for the forward thyristor valve T1 and AC 270 the reverse thyristor valve T2,as depicted ,full conduction results[7]. The TSR will remain in a blocked off state, and no current can flow. The TSR ensures a very rapid availability of rated inductive power to the system. when a large magnitude of controlled reactive power Q, is required, A part of Q is usually assigned to a small TSR of rating say Q/2; [3] the rest is realized by means of a TSR also of a reduced rating Q/2.This arrangement results in substantially losses and harmonic content as compared to a single TCR of rating Q. α = 120° α = 140° Fig 4. Single phase TSR based svc configuration α = 90° Firing angle is increase voltage is increase and current is decrease. Waveform of α = 90,105,120,140 are desigen. III. CONCLUSION In this report the simulation of TSR is carried out open loop configuration more of flexibility also proposed scheme if tested used different firing angle value. In next stage the simulation of TSR closed loop of configuration can be carried in closed loop configuration with more preside control. REFRENCES: α = 105° 1. 2. 3. 4. A.Gelen and T.Yalcinoz, “Analysis Of Tsr-Based Svc For A Three-Phase System With Static And Dynamic Loads” department of Electrical and electronic Engineerin,IEEE 2008 Ayetul Gelen, And Tankut Yalcinoz, “The Behaviour Of Tsr Based Svc And Tcr Based Svc Installed In An Infinite Bus System” ,Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,nigde University, nigde,IEEE 2006 .Javier chivite – zabalza, Miguel angel Rodriguez vidal IEEE, “A Large Power ,Low –Switching Frequency Voltage Source Converter For Facts Application With Low Effects On The Tramission Line” ,perdo izurza – Moreno ,gorka calvo and panel Madariaga IEEE 2009 Dongdong wang, kefu liv,jain qiu, “Investigation On The Perfo Mance Of Thyristor For Pulsed Power Applications” ,Institute of electric light sources, chinaieee 2007 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Guangfu Tang, “Study On Opertional Tests For Facts Thyristor Valves” , IEEE 2009 A.H. Gheisari, “Harmonic Reduction In Tsr And Tsc Using Artificial Neural Network” , Shiraz university, Iran. IEEE 2009 Heniz k Tyll ,sm, IEEE and dr Frank schettler, “Historical Over View On Dynamic Recative Power Compensation Solutions From The Design Of Ac Power Tramission Towards Present Applications” , IEEE 2005. Alper terciyanli,adnan acik,alper cetin, muammer ermis, “Power Quality Solutions For. Light Rail Public Tranportation Systems Fed By Medium Voltage Underground Cables” , IEEE 2009. J.munoz,p.mendoza, J.cotos and R.palna, “Lab – Scale Three Phase Tsr Based Svc System For Educationl Purpose In Dynamic And Steady – State Analysis” , IEEE 2007.