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Name: __________________________________________________________________________________ Date: ___________________________ Pd: _____
Major Endocrine Glands and Hormones
Glands
Hormones
Hypothalamus
Anterior pituitary
Unspecified
Follicle stimulating
hormone (FSH)
Type of
Hormone
(amino acid
or steroid)
Unspecified
Function
Controls pituitary hormone release
Regulated by
(Hormonal,
Humoral,
Neural)
Neural
AA
Supports female egg growth and sperm development; prolonged presence
during pregnancy
Hormonal
Lutenizing hormone
(LH)
AA
Triggers ovulation
Hormonal
Adrenocorticotropic
hormone (ACTH)
AA
Second hormone messenger in stress response pathway
(after corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) from hypothalamus and before cortisol
from adrenal gland)
Hormonal
AA
Stimulates thyroid hormones (T3/T4) that control metabolism
Hormonal
AA
Triggers formation of breast milk
Hormonal
AA
Reduce pain through “natural high”
Neural
AA
Stimulates protein production and growth
Supports burning of fat cells rather than stored glucose
Hormonal
AA
Stimulates muscle contraction during orgasm, childbirth, and breastfeeding
Hormonal
AA
Causes kidneys to absorb water
Also known as vasopressin because it increases blood volume and therefore
blood pressure
Hormonal
Thyroid stimulating
hormone (TSH)
Prolactin
Endorphins
Growth hormone (GH)
Posterior
pituitary
Oxytocin
Antidiuretic hormone
(ADH)
Pineal
Melatonin
AA
Makes us drowsy; responsible for sleep and wake cycle
Neural
Thyroid
Thyroid hormones
(T3/T4)
AA
Triggers burning of glucose
Hormonal
Calcitonin
Parathyroid
Thymus
Adrenal cortex
Parathyroid hormone
(PTH)
Pancreas
Reduces blood calcium by stimulating osteoblasts to deposit calcium into bone
Humoral
AA
Increases blood calcium by stimulating osteoclasts to break down and release
calcium in bone
Humoral
AA
Triggers development of T lymphocytes (white blood cells)
Unknown
S
Stimulates reabsorption of sodium (and therefore water) into the blood and the
release of potassium into the urine
Hormonal
S
Increases blood glucose (last step in stress response pathway)
Also, reduces inflammation
Hormonal
(See below)
(See below)
S
Stimulates fight or flight response
Neural
AA
Decreases blood glucose by converting it to glycogen stored in kidney
Humoral
AA
Increases blood glucose by converting glycogen stored in kidney to glucose
Humoral
S
Triggers development of female secondary sex characteristics
Also important in keeping a pregnancy
Homornal
S
Triggers menstrual cycle or ensures body doesn’t naturally abort during
pregnancy
Hormonal
Triggers sperm formation as well as the development of male secondary sex
characteristics
Hormonal
Thymosin
Aldosterone
Cortisone/
Cortisol
Adrenal medulla
AA
Androgens and
estrogens
Epinephrine/
Norepinephrine
(See below)
Insulin
Glucagon
Ovaries
Estrogen
Progesterone
Testes
Androgens
Steroid