Download 2.1 lecture notes

ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION
CHAPTER 2
Lesson 1 The Rise of Islam
Student Pre-test Islam
Write answers in folder – not graded)
Answers are in todays notes
 What do you think the Muslim population
and/or percentage is of the world’s total?
 Who is the founder of Islam?
 What is Islam’s most sacred city?
 Where did Islam start (What part of the
world)?
 What do the Muslims call God?
The Muslim world today
Muslim population 1.7 billion people out of the world’s 7.0
billion (about 1/5 of the world’s total)
Religions of the world (est. 2014)
I. Daily Life in Arabia
 1. Much of the
Arabian Peninsula is
desert. Oases are
green areas fed by an
underground water
source.
Mr. Mispagel in Morocco
Tangier, Morocco
Morocco– summer 2009
 2. Early Arabs formed
tribes that were headed
by a sheikh.
 3. The Bedouins were
desert herders that
traveled from oasis to
oasis. Many Arabs
lived in villages near
the oases.
Snake charmer (Morocco)
Narrow streets of “old town” Tangier
My daughter with her Moroccan
drum and fez hat. Tangier - 2009
13th Century Mosque
Tangier, Morocco
The Alhambra – Muslim palace in
Grenada, Spain
The Alhambra
The Alhambra – note
The Arabic script
(sacred language of Islam)
within the design on the
walls
 4. Merchants who transported goods across the
desert formed caravans to protect themselves
from Bedouin attacks. Caravans are groups of
traveling merchants and animals.
 5. Trade grew and merchants founded towns
along the trade routes. Makkah (Mecca) was the
largest and wealthiest trade center and an
important religious site visited by pilgrims.
 6. In the middle of
Mecca is the Kaaba, a
low square building.
Inside is a stone Arabs
believe came from
heaven.
 7. Muslims consider
Allah the creator.
II. Muhammad: Islam’s Prophet
 1. Muhammad was
born in Mecca in AD
570.
 2. Muhammad went
into the hills to pray
upset with the town
leaders and was visited
by an angel who told
him to preach Islam.
Adhan – Muslim call to Prayer
https://search.yahoo.com/search;_ylt=AmATS1x8zzw2e3
yFy2J2FLCbvZx4?p=adhan+call+to+prayer&toggle=1&
cop=mss&ei=UTF-8&fr=yfp-t-901&fp=1
 3.Muhammad returned to
Mecca and told the people to
worship one god, Allah.
Muhammad preached that all
people are equal and the
wealthy should share with the
poor.
 4. Many poor people began to
accept Muhammad’s message
and become Muslims or
followers of Islam. Wealthy
people did not like his
message and made life
difficult for Muhammad.
 5. Muhammad and his followers left Mecca
for Yathrib (Medina). This journey is
called the Hijrah.
 6. Yathrib welcomed the Muslims and
renamed the city Medina.
 7. Muhammad used the laws he believed he
had received from god to rule the people of
Medina, creating an Islamic state, or
government that uses its political power to
uphold Islam.
 8. Mecca was made a holy city in a treaty
that gave Muhammad control of Mecca
III. Islam’s Teachings
 1. Islam, Judaism, and
Christianity have some
beliefs in common:
They believe in one
God, the God of
Abraham.
 2. The Quran (Koran)
is the holy book of
Islam. Many teachings
in the Quran are similar
to the Bible.
 3. The Five Pillars of Islam
Muslims face Mecca when they pray
are:
 Faith (Shahadah),
 Prayer (Salat),
 Charity (Zakat),
 Fasting (Sawm),
 Pilgrimage (Hajj)
 4. The Sunna is the name
given to customs based on
Muhammad’s words and
deeds.
 Some Muslims argue Jihad
(holy war) is a 6th pillar.
Do you agree with this?
Chapter 2.1 Lecture Review
 1. What is the Kaaba? Where is this located?
 2. What do Muslims call god?
 3. What is the Hijrah and the Hajj?
 4. Who is the founder of Islam?
 5. What is an Islamic State?
 6. What is the Muslim holy book called?
 7. What are the Five Pillars of faith?
 8. How is Islam similar and different to Judaism
and Christianity?