Download Civil War Battle Chart

Civil War Battle Chart
Some battles of the Civil War had 2 names because both sides gave a name to the battle.
Generally speaking the name that stuck was the one given by the Victor of the battle.
The Confederacy named the battle after the nearest body of water. (with the exception of Bull Run)
The Union named the battle after the nearest town or settlement.
700,000 men died in the Civil War, all Americans.
Winfield Scott
First commander of the Union Army,

he came up with the battle plan- the Anaconda Plan, - the plan for Union victory,

Anaconda Plan has 3 parts….
o
an effective "Blockade" of Southern ports,
o
a strong thrust down the Mississippi Valley with a large force,
o
and the establishment of a line of strong Federal positions there would isolate the disorganized Confederate nation

he is in his 70’s at the time of the war.

He as known as “Old Fuss & Feathers”

All other leaders in the Union are under the command of Winfield Scott.
The Union Army was huge!
Lincoln wanted to end the war quickly, very impatient president.
Regiments –

were made up of men from the same area.

This was a problem because in a battle, an entire town’s worth of men could be wiped out in a battle.
Date
Location
Battle
April
12-13,
1861
Charleston,
SC
Fort Sumter
May
18-19,
1861
Norfolk Cty,
Virginia
Sewell’s
Point
July
16-22
1861
First Bull
Run (U)
Peninsular
Campaign
Description
Leaders
Casualti
es
Victor
Result
Goal: To remove the Union and those affiliated with
the Union from Fort Sumter in Charleston SC
Anderson
(USA)
Beauregard
(CSA)
None
C.S.A
Union
surrendered
Fort Sumter
to the
Confederac
y
First Battle of the Civil
War
C.S.A.
Union
retreats,
Confederac
y wins!
Enlightened both sides.
Showed the Union that
this war was not going
to be easy. Gave the
Confederacy
confidence.
Part of the blockade of the Chesapeake Bay
Two Union gunboats, including USS Monticello,
dueled with Confederate batteries on Sewell's Point in
an attempt to enforce the blockade of Hampton
Roads..
Winfield Scott wanted to end the war quickly because
Lincoln pressured him. He forced an unorganized,
undisciplined and untrained army to fight. Manassas
is very chaotic. There were spectators/civilians who
watched the battle. Shows that neither side fully
understood the magnitude of the war they were in.
The Union retreats back toward Washington. The
Confederacy now believes they won. They did win
the battle, but not the war. Lincoln was shocked!
A big offensive planned and led by Union Gen.
George B. McClellan, that took place from March to
July 1862. McClellan, commander of the Army of the
Potomac, hoped to seize Richmond, Virginia, a goal
which he came within five miles of achieving.
Significance
Alt.
Name
The two sides
did each other
little harm
(U) Irvin
McDowell
(C)
Battle of
Manassas
(C)
April
6-7
1862
Southwestern,
Tennessee ,
known as the
Western
Theatre or
Western
Campaign
Battle of
Shiloh
-Prior to Shiloh, the Union had victories in Fort
Henry & Fort Donaldson.
-Shiloh is in Tennessee.
-Shiloh means peace.
-The battle gets its name from the church
-The battle of Shiloh begins in the
Tennessee/Mississippi border
-Confederate Troops were stationed in Mississippi.
-The Union troops were in Shiloh
-The Union troops wanted to move down and stop the
Confederacy in the Mississippi area.
-The Union plans were discovered by the
Confederacy, they decided to counterattack
-They met on the border, in Shiloh
April 6, first day of the battle the Confederacy is
“hammering” the Union.
-In the “Hornet’s Nest”, a group of thickets (trees)
there was heavy fighting and heavy casualties. April
6th. Looks like the Confederates will win.
-April 6th – nighttime, 25,000 Union soldiers arrive as
reinforcement.
-Fighting resumes the next day. The Confederacy is
not prepared. Johnston is killed.
-The Union pushes the Confederacy back into
Mississippi and towards the Gulf of Mexico.
-The Confederacy starts to retreat. The Union gains
control of the railroads, but does not pursue the
Confederacy after the battle of Shiloh.
-Had the Union pursued the Confederacy, the war
may have been over sooner, but Hallack argued with
Grant because Hallack did not want to pursue the
Confederacy.
Beauregard
& Johnston
(C)
23,700 killed
or wounded in
2 days.
Commander
Hallack led
the Union
troops
General
Beull (U) &
Major
General
Grant (U)
CSA 10,700
Grant had
tremendous
success out
West.
Union 13,000
Union
The
Confederat
es were
forced to
retreat.
Bloodiest
battle in
United
States
history up
to that time,
Confederat
es did not
block the
Union
advance
into
northern
Mississippi.
The first battle of the
Civil War to display
heavy casualties
Confederates did not
block the Union
advance into northern
Mississippi.
All of the border states
are slave-holding states.
All of the border states
remained with the
Union; none of the
border states seceded.
Border statesKentucky,
Missouri, Arkansas
Delaware
Maryland
The Union has control
of the Tennessee Valley,
and has placed troops
between Tennessee and
Kentucky.
Battle of
Pittsburg
Landing
7 DAYS
BATTLE
Second Bull
Run
A weeklong series of Civil War battles from June 25
to July 1, 1862 that ultimately prevented the Union
from capturing Richmond, the Confederate capital.
Union forces were mainly under the command of
Gen. George B. McClellan and Confederates were
under Gen. Robert E. Lee. There were casualties
approaching 20, 000 on both sides. The battles
marked the end of the Peninsular Campaign.
Sept
1862
Sharpsburg,
Maryland
Battle of
Antietam

The Confederates had just won the battle of
Second Bull Run
Purpose of the Battle

Antietam was a battle where the Confederacy
tried to get to Washington DC. and the Union
tried to push the Confederacy back into the
southern area
Significance
Pivotal Battle because it is the first battle to take
place in the Union.

It was also the bloodiest day in American
history. More men died in Antietam than have
ever died in American History in one day.

Fighting took place in a cornfield, by the time
the battle was over, the corn stalks were even
with the ground.
Lincoln was very impatient…

Lincoln said McClellan has a “Case of the
slows” meaning it took him forever and he did
not get the job done.

Antietam was the final straw for McClellan.

Lincoln was frustrated!

The Union and McClellan had thousands of
more men in reserve for the battle but he never
called them because he believed that they were
not prepared to fight.

This allowed Lee to fight to the end!

Lincoln has been through many military leaders.
GrantEventually, Lincoln has Grant replace McLellen,
Eventually we win the war because of sheer numbers,
(Grant overwhelms the Confederacy.)
Commanders
C- Robert E.
Lee
Commanders
U – George
McClellan
The death toll
was
staggering.
26,000 to
27,000
The battle
was
inconclusi
ve, neither
side really
won.
1st battle of the Civil
war to take place in
the Union, till now all
of the battles had taken
place in the
confederacy, primarily
in Virginia and the
Carolinas
It was also the bloodiest
day in American history
Sharpsburg
(C) is the
Confederat
e name.
Dec.
11- 15
1862-
Spotsylvania
County and
Fredericksbur
g, Virginia
Fredericksbu
rg
After repelling the Confederates at the battles of
Antietam, Perryville, and Corinth, the Union forces in
the fall of 1862 renewed their offensives against
Richmond, Chattanooga, and Vicksburg. President
Abraham Lincoln replaced Gen. George B.
McClellan with Gen. Ambrose Burnside in November
1862 in command of the Army of the Potomac.
Burnside proposed to move toward Fredericksburg,
Virginia, as a preliminary to an offensive against
Richmond. Moving quickly, his army covered 40
miles in two days, leaving Confederate Gen. Robert
E. Lee guessing as to its destination, but confused
orders and bureaucratic bungling delayed the arrival
of pontoons for bridging the Rappahannock River for
a week. These delays and Burnside's own
indecisiveness allowed Lee to concentrate his forces
and establish strong defensive positions on the hills
behind Fredericksburg. Over 120,000 Union troops
under Ambrose E. Burnside were met at
Fredericksburg by an entrenched Confederate force of
78,000 under Robert E. Lee. The Union attack failed,
resulting in more than 12,500 casualties compared to
5,000 for the Confederates.
Commanders
Ambrose E.
Burnside
(U)
Robert E.
Lee
(CSA)
CSA 5,000
Union 12,500
C.S.A
Burnside
was
relieved of
his
command,
and the
victory
restored
Confederat
e morale
lost after
the defeat
in the
Battle of
Antietam.
is remembered as one of
the most one-sided
battles of the American
Civil War. The Union
Army suffered terrible
casualties in futile
frontal assaults
Oct
1862 –
July
1863
Vicksburg
the union wanted to control the Mississippi river, so
they attacked many towns(Vicksburg was one of
them). Vicksburg gave them control over the
Mississippi river, so they had connection to the sea.
Fighting in the Civil War in and around Vicksburg,
Mississippi between October 1862 and July 1863,
when the city finally fell to forces under Gen. Ulysses
S. Grant. This gave control of the Mississippi to the
Union and split the Confederacy in half. The city was
under siege by Union forces for the last six weeks of
the campaign; the surviving Confederate forces under
Gen. John Pemberton surrendered on July 4th.
Gettysburg
Vicksburg was the last
major Confederate
stronghold on the
Mississippi whose
capture on 4 July,
Independence Day and
the day after
Gettysburg, marked the
turning point of the
American civil war. T