Download The Endocrine and Reproductive System

The Endocrine and
Reproductive System
What is the Endocrine System?
• A system of glands that uses
hormones to control many
parts of your body.
Chemical Messengers
• Hormones are chemical messengers
that send messages to different parts
of your body.
• Hormones are made by glands, and
then released into the bloodstream.
• Once the Hormone finds its ‘Target’,
the target tissue will respond.
Glands of the Endocrine System
• Pituitary Gland–Location- Inside the
brain.
–Function- Makes
hormones that affect
growth and
reproduction.
Glands of the Endocrine System
• Pineal Gland–Location- Inside
the brain.
–FunctionProduces
MelatoninHormone that
controls our sleep
cycle.
Glands of the Endocrine System
• Thymus–LocationUpper Chest.
–FunctionStimulates the
creation of
infectionfighting cells.
Glands of the Endocrine System
• Thyroid Gland–Location- Below
the Larynx.
–Function- Helps to
regulate
metabolism, and
controls how much
calcium our bones
absorb.
Glands of the Endocrine System
• Adrenal Glands–Location- On top of
Kidneys.
–Function- Adrenalin
controls how you
react to stressful
situations.
–Controls the Fight
or Flight response.
Glands of the Endocrine System
• PancreasFunction:
–Makes the
insulin hormone
that controls
sugar levels in
the blood.
Glands of the Endocrine System
• Testes- Function:
–Makes
TestosteroneHormone that
controls male sex
traits.
–Also used in
sperm
production.
Glands of the Endocrine System
• Ovaries- Function:
–Makes Estrogen and
ProgesteroneHormones that
control female sex
characteristics.
–Also regulates the
menstrual cycle.
What is Reproduction?
• The process that
continues life on
earth.
• Hormones from the
endocrine system
help control male and
female reproduction.
The Male Reproductive System
• Penis and Scrotum- The
Scrotum contains the two
Testes.
–Testes- Male sex organs that
produces Testosterone and
Sperm.
The Male Reproductive System
• Sperm- Male
reproductive
cell.
• Has a tail and a
head- Within the
head is
hereditary
information
(DNA).
The Male Reproductive System
• Fluid is added to the sperm by
the Seminal Vesicle and the
Prostate.
• Once fluid is added to the
sperm, it is called Semen.
• Semen leaves the body
through the Urethra.
Female Reproductive System
• Ovaries- Female sex organs
that produce eggs.
• Ovulation- The release of an
egg from the ovaries.
• Once the egg leaves the ovary,
it enters a Fallopian TubeTube that connects the Ovary
to the Uterus.
– Fertilization of the egg occurs in
the Fallopian Tube.
Female Reproductive System
• Once fertilized, the egg travels to the
Uterus- A muscular organ where the
egg develops into a baby.
• The Cervix- The opening into the
Uterus.
• The Cervix leads into the Vagina- The
birthing tube that leads to outside the
body.
Development before Birth
• After the sperm enters an egg, the
two nuclei fuse into one- This creates
a Zygote.
• After the Zygote attaches to the wall
of the Uterus, it is called an Embryo.
• After the first two months of
pregnancy, the developing embryo is
called a Fetus.
The Menstrual Cycle
• Before an egg is released, the body
prepares to have a baby.
• The uterus’s wall thickens with blood
in case an egg is fertilized.
– If the egg is fertilized, the blood gives
nutrients to the egg.
– If the egg is not fertilized, the blood and
egg are flushed out of the body.