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Aristotle’s Law (c. 350 BC) • An object in motion will eventually come to rest, which is its natural state • A force is necessary to keep an object moving Galileo’s Observations (c. 1600) • A ball rolling down a very shallow ramp is slowed by friction • Without friction, the ball would roll forever Newton’s First Law (c. 1700) • An object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in constant motion (that is, constant velocity) tends to stay in constant motion unless acted upon by an (unbalanced) outside force. Semicircular Canals Circular tubes of fluid As head rotates, fluid tends to stay in place Inertia of fluid causes cupula to bend