Download How natural resources, hazards, and climate change affect human

By: Fabio Spinelli
Objectives

How natural resources (bodies of water, minerals, fossil
fuels, or regions of fertile soil) have affected human
activity.
 How their availability has guided human development.

How natural hazards (volcanic eruptions, earthquakes,
tsunamis, erosion, or severe weather) have affected
human activity.
 How they have altered populations of certain areas, and caused
migrations.

How changes to climate (changes to sea level, patterns of
temperature and precipitation, and where crops and
livestock can be raised.
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
 Physical
Geography: The study of
natural features and phenomena on
the planet and how we interact with
them
 Including features such as vegetation, climate,
land formations, and bodies of water.
 They determine where humans live, our
lifestyles as in what we eat and how we put up
to the climate.
NATURAL RESOURCES

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g1KSVMR7a
pg
Natural Resources

Bronze & Iron Age: Both revolutionized metalworking, new tools to create
new things were developed. Iron Age was more popular than the Bronze
Age and spread across more places in the world.
 As effective as bronze was, when the Iron Age came tools and weapons became
more efficient, this meant more effective farming, increasing the amount of food and
capability for a population to sustain itself.

After these two Ages the next important period was the Industrial
Revolution.
 More food for people as agricultural methods improved. New irrigation and crop
rotation technology developed. When railroad transport was created this allowed for
food to be spread more than ever. With the availability of better food quality
livestock was also raised more easily and with better quality.
 As advances in medicine were made more cures for diseases were developed.
Already by 1796 and 1840 vaccines were being developed. Finally during the
Industrial Revolution the production of these medicines and vaccines increased.
 Production of soap and other products improved sanitary conditions.
 Population increased due to high wages, more people meant more birthrates,
apprenticeship system also allowed more birthrates.
Natural Resources

Bodies of water are important to humans, they serve as source of food,
better climate, and drinking water.
 Water is purified as it evaporates.
 When condensed rain begins to fall, providing clean drinking water for humans and to use
in agriculture.
○
Humans locate themselves wherever there is most chances for rain so that they can harvest food
successfully.
 People also tend to settle near bodies of water to have an easier access to it.
○ A great example is Egypt, nearly all of Egypt’s population is concentrated beside the Nile River.

Land formation and soil are very important for how humans interact with the
Earth.
 The formation of land can make humans migrate due to the fact that as land moves and
affects everything such as climate, disrupt rivers, and breaking human formations. Food
can also be scarce.
 Soil is of importance to humans because it provides nutrients, regulates water quality,
maintains life and allows buildings to be built on it.
○
Soil sustains vegetation by providing nutrients to the plants that grown from it.
○ Soil helps contain minerals, like ores.
○ Most people in Kenya decide to move to lands with a lot of soil.
Problem for Natural Resources

Human carrying capacity: how many people can
live on Earth at the same time.
 Consider desirable life conditions.
 Over population leads to scarce resources.
○ Can also lead to people being too packed in places like
cities.
NATURAL HAZARDS

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n73qtEojP_Y
Natural Hazards

Compare Hazards and Disasters.
 Hazards are nature’s several events like volcanic eruptions, hurricanes,
floods, and earthquakes.
 They become Disaster when they affect people.
○ For example when a Typhoon hit the Philippines in 2013 it destroyed
homes and lives

How do natural hazards affect people?
 Eruptions, earthquakes, hurricanes, and floods. After effects.

Who are affected the most?
 Countries in the process of development.
 Poorly constructed buildings, lack of safety methods, high population
makes them more vulnerable.

Statistics of Natural Disasters
 Since 1994 4.4 billion have been affected and 1.3 million killed by natural
disasters.
 8 out of 10 cities mostly at risk of natural hazards are in the Philippines.
Natural Hazards

Examples of Notorious Natural Hazards.
 Hurricane Katrina, 2005 (Struck Louisiana, Mississippi, and
Alabama)
 Japan earthquake & tsunami, 2011

Hurricane Katrina
 Category 3 rating on the SSHS (Saffir-Simpson Hurrican
Scale)
 $100 billion in damage.
 80% of the city of New Orleans left underwater.
 Nearly 2,000 people killed

Japan Earthquake
 Magnitude-9 Earhtquake caused a massive tsunami.
 After 4 years 230,000 people without home still homeless.
CLIMATE CHANGES

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=feVlzneZeew
Sea levels rise as glaciers melt
Climate Changes

Changes in Temperature and Precipitation
 Temperatures rise and precipitation lowers, the climate gets
much more dry and hotter.
 This change of temperature has been related to deaths in
the U.S., through strokes or dehydration.

Extreme Weather
 Reduces the availability of food and drinking water.
 Can affect mental health.
 Able to affect physical health.
 Animals will also not be able to endure the weather.

Mayan Civilization
 Due to extreme droughts Mayan Civilization was wiped out.
Climate Changes

Air Quality
 Changes in climate affect the air we breathe.
 Increased temperatures can worsen air quality.
 This bad and polluted air quality can make people develop
asthma.

Air Quality Standards in the U.S.
 Air quality has improved from the 1970s to 2014.
 Climate change doesn’t help meet air quality standards.
 57 million Americans do not meet air quality standards.

Greater Amounts of Ozone
 Warmer temperatures will make days with unhealthy levels
of ozone more common.
 Exposure to ozone involves: dying prematurely, damage to
lungs.
Climate Changes

Sea levels and Floods.
 Sea levels rise as glaciers melt.
 As sea levels rise a lot of people will be very affected since
most of the big cities are found along the shore.
 Since sea levels will rise the water level could get to reach
the sources of freshwater.

Countries in Development
 Again the countries in development will be the ones that are
affected the most.
 Irregular floods and regular droughts make it harder for
people like in West Africa to grow food.
 Mental health is also a big issue.
 As there is a lack of food for people they can lose their
minds.
Population Growth

How population growth might affect all these
effects if it keeps growing so fast.
1. Define Physical Geography
 The
study of natural features and
phenomena on the planet and how
we interact with them.
2. Explain why there are so many
cities beside the Nile River.

Because the rest of Egypt is arid and
dry, when in comparison to the Nile. It
also offers a clean source of water
3. What two natural hazards
affect Japan in 2011?

An earthquake, then a tsunami caused
by that earthquake.
4. Why did the Mayan Civilization
die out?

They became extinct because of an
extremely long time living in drought.
5. Why do countries in development
suffer the most against natural
hazards and climate change?

Countries in development don’t posses
the required safety methods to have the
most protection against hazards. The
structure of buildings are much worse
thus exposing them more. Finally with
climate change, since most people in
these countries depend on farming,
once the environment changes they can
go through very tough times.