Download Chapter 11 Section 3 Notes SOLVUS 7

Behind the scenes of the Civil
War
Lincolns Position of War
African Americans
Women
Military Prison Camps
Questions to be Answered
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What was Lincoln’s position on the war?
What was the role of women and
African Americans during the war?
1 in 4 soldiers died
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More Americans killed in this war than
any other in history of U.S.
Causalities in War
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Revolutionary War25,000
War of 181220,000
Mexican War13,283
Spanish-American War- 2,446
World War I116,516
World War II405,399
Civil War625,000
Wartime Government
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Both North and South opposed war
Lincoln and Davis considered to be
dictators
Republican party splits
Extreme Democrats – Copperheads –
end war at any price
Lincolns Position on War
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One Nation Indivisible-Preserve the Union
Legitimate state governments had to be
established – loyal to Union
South should not be punished but act “with
malice towards none, with charity for
all…to bind up the nations wounds”
“Second American Revolution”
Common Soldiers:
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Warfare often involved hand-tohand combat.
Wartime diaries and letters home
record this harsh reality.
After the war, especially in the
South, soldiers returned home to
find destroyed homes and poverty.
Soldiers on both sides lived with
permanent disabilities.
Raising Armies
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Soldiers were mostly
volunteers
Both sides had to draft
men for military service
– conscription
Northerner’s could avoid
service by having a
substitute or by paying
Union paid men to enlist
African Americans
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The Emancipation
Proclamation allowed for
the enlistment of African
American soldiers.
Fight for the Union
Commanded by White
soldiers
Paid less, segregated
Southerners refuse to accept
them
54th Massachusetts Regiment
Women
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Served as nurses
and cooks
Clara Barton –
founder of American
Red Cross – “Angels
of the Battlefield”
Worked in factories
in North, Ran
plantations in South
Women Behind the Lines:
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Managed homes and families with
scarce resources.
Often faced poverty and hunger
Assumed new roles in agriculture,
nursing, and war industries
Supplying the Armies
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North Successful in financing the war
(Greenbacks)
South printed worthless money,
defeated because of inability to produce
manufactured goods
Military life
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Away from home for
long periods of time
Limited food supply,
shoeless, desertions
Battlefield medicine
– unsanitary
instruments,
amputations,
Military Prison Camps
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Before Emancipation
Proclamation prisoners
were exchanged
After E.P. South would
not exchange Black
soldiers, creation of
prison camps
South could not
adequately feed the
prisoners
Andersonville –
Southern prison camp,
100 men died a day
Life in the North
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Economy boomed b/c of war profits
Women filled labor shortages
Life in the South
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Shortages of food for soldiers and
citizens
Economy suffered
People were unhappy with Southern
Government