Download Chapter 2, Lesson 2

Chapter 2, Lesson 2
Life during the War
Mr. Julian’s 5th Grade class
Essential Question
• What were the many
hardships that both the
North and South faced
during the Civil War?
Places
• Fort Wagner, South
Carolina
People
•
•
•
•
Mathew Brady
William Carney
Belle Boyd
Clara Barton
Vocabulary
• Draft
• Emancipation
Proclamation
Life for Soldiers
• Pictures brought the Civil
War to every American's
home.
• Mathew Brady took
pictures of soldiers in
camps and on the battle
field.
• The average age of a Civil
War soldier was 25 but
some were as young as 12.
Life for Soldiers
• A soldiers life is difficult.
• They might march 25 miles
a day with 50 pounds of
supplies on their back.
• When it is hot, they are in
the sun, when it’s cold
there is no heat in a tent.
• The South had life
especially hard.
Life for Soldiers
• The North’s blockade kept
needed supplies life shoes
and clothing from the
soldiers.
• Food on both sides was
awful at best.
• As fewer men volunteered
to serve both sides issued a
draft, or a requirement to
serve in the military.
Life for Soldiers
• Losses for both sides were
terrible.
• A total of 1 million union
and Confederate soldiers
were killed or wounded.
• Most of that was due to
infection, not direct battle
injury.
The Emancipation Proclamation
• At first the Civil War was not
a war against slavery!
• Lincoln’s goal was to keep
the Union together.
• As the war continued
without a victory in sight,
he believed that the only
way to win was to abolish
slavery.
The Emancipation Proclamation
• Lincoln was told not to end
slavery but his reply was,
“Slavery must die that our
nation might live.”
• On January 1, 1863,
President Lincoln issued the
Emancipation
Proclamation, making all
slaves in the south free.
The Emancipation Proclamation
• His actions did little to end
slavery as his order only
helped those in the south,
a land he had no control
over.
African Americans in the War
• In the beginning of the war
African Americans were
not allowed in the army.
• In 1862 they were finally
allowed to join but were
not paid as much as whites
and they had to buy their
own uniforms.
African Americans in the War
• Massachusetts 54th Colored
Regiment changed the
way many viewed African
Americans in the army.
• They fought bravely during
the Battle of Fort Wagner in
South Carolina.
• William Carney was
wounded as he carried the
regiment’s flag. He never
dropped the flag!
African Americans in the War
• For his actions he was just 1
of 16 African Americans
that were awarded the
Congressional Medal of
Honor.
Women and the War
• Women helped the war
effort in many ways.
• They ran farms and
businesses while the men
were fighting the war.
• Some even dressed like
men so they could fight in
the war, like Frances Clalin
did.
Women and the War
• Some women were spies.
• Belle Boyd, nicknamed “La
Belle Rebelle” was one of
the most famous
Confederate spies.
• Women on both sides
worked as nurses.
• Clara Barton earned the
nickname “Angel of the
Battlefield” for her actions.
Women and the War
• Women on both sides did
all they could to help.
• They sewed clothing, rolled
bandages, sold personal
possessions, and sent any
food they could spare to
the army.
The War Goes On
• By 1863 both sides were
tired of the war.
• Many on both sides left the
army to return home, even
though it was not allowed.
• They were tired, hungry,
and the war was taking its
toll.
Timeline
• January 1, 1863 – President
Lincoln formally issued the
Emancipation
Proclamation, freeing the
slaves in the south.
• July 1863 – The
Massachusetts 54th, one of
the first African American
regiments to fight for the
Union, attacked Fort
Wagner in S.C.
Timeline
• June 1864 – Congress gave
black soldiers the same
pay as white soldiers.
Review Question
• What were the many
hardships that both the
North and South faced
during the Civil War?