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Unit%1:%Atomic%Structure%Review%Guide% % 1. In%each%box,%write%the%name%of%the%scientist(s)%associated%with%the%statement.%Choose%from% among%the%following%scientists.%% Democritus,%Thomson,%Bohr,%Rutherford,%Dalton,%Schrodinger%&%Heisenberg% % There%are%small,%negatively%charged%particles% Electron%paths%cannot%be%predicted.% inside%the%atom.% There%is%a%small,%dense,%positively%charged% nucleus.% % Most%of%an%atom’s%mass%is%in%the%nucleus% % Electrons%jump%between%levels%from%path%to% path.% % He%conducted%the%cathodeKray%tube%experiment.% % Electrons%travel%in%definite%paths.% Electrons%move%in%empty%space%in%the%atom.% His%theory%of%atomic%structure%led%to%the%“plum% pudding”%model.% Electrons%are%found%in%electron%clouds,%not% paths.% % Atoms%of%the%same%element%are%exactly%alike.% Atoms%of%different%elements%are%different.% % Atoms%contain%mostly%empty%space.% Atoms%constantly%move.% % Atoms%are%small,%hard%particles.% He%conducted%the%gold%fail%experiment.%% % % 2. Use%the%definitions%below%to%unscramble%the%vocabulary%words:% % 1% Weighted%average%of%the% MICTOA%SAMS% % masses%of%all%naturally% occurring%isotopes% 2% The%building%blocks%of% MOATS% % matter% % 3% Unifying%scientific% RYTHOE% % explanation%supported% by%testing% 4% Positively%charged% TORPNO% % particle%in%the%atom% 5% Made%up%of%protons%and% UCSELUN% % neutrons% 6% Particle%in%the%atom%that% TRONUNE% % has%no%charge% 7% Atoms%with%the%same% SOOTPIES% % number%of%protons%but% different%numbers%of% neutrons% 8% Negatively%charge% CLEENROT% % particles%in%the%atom% % % % % % % % % 3. Fill%in%the%blanks%in%the%following%chart:% % Element' Atomic'#' Mass'#' Protons' Neutrons' Electrons' Copper% 29% % % 35% % Carbon% % 12% 6% % % Beryllium% % 9% % 5% % Oxygen% % % % 8% 8% Xenon% 54% 131% % % % % 4. Calculate%the%following%average%atomic%masses:% a. What%is%the%average%atomic%mass%of%silicon%if%92.21%%of%its%atoms%have%a%mass%of%28;%4.7%% have%a%mass%of%29;%and%3.09%%have%a%mass%of%30?% b. Carbon%has%98.9%%if%its%atoms%as%carbonK12;%1.1%%us%carbonK13;%and%a%trace%amount%of% carbonK14.%Calculate%carbon’s%average%mass.% % % % % % c. Chlorine%is%found%75.8%%as%chlorineK35%and%24.2%%as%chlorineK37.%Calculate%the%average% atomic%mass.% % % % % % 5. Explain%why%atoms%are%electrically%neutral.%____________________________________________________________% _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________% ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________% ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________% % 6. Which%subatomic%particle%identifies%an%atom?%_________________________________________________________% % % 7. Why%are%the%average%atomic%masses%on%the%periodic%table%NOT%whole% numbers?_____________________________________________________________________________________________________% _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________% 8. Write%the%complete%ground%state%electron%configurations%for%the%following:% a. Lithium:%______________________________________________________________________________________________% b. Oxygen:%%______________________________________________________________________________________________% c. Calcium:%%______________________________________________________________________________________________% d. Titanium:%_____________________________________________________________________________________________% e. Rubidium:%____________________________________________________________________________________________% f. Cadmium:%____________________________________________________________________________________________% g. Polonium:%____________________________________________________________________________________________% % 9. Write%the%Noble%Gas%configurations%for%the%following:% a. Iodine:%%_______________________________________________________________________________________________% b. Iron:%__________________________________________________________________________________________________% c. Zinc:%__________________________________________________________________________________________________% d. Barium:%_______________________________________________________________________________________________% e. Polonium:%____________________________________________________________________________________________% % 10. Write%the%Orbital%Notation%for%the%following:$ a. Lithium:%____________________________________________________________________________________________$ $ b. Titanium:%__________________________________________________________________________________________$ $ c. Iron:%_______________________________________________________________________________________________$ % 11. %What%are%the%four%sections,%or%blocks,%of%the%periodic%table?%___________________________________________% % 12. What%does%each%block%represent?%________________________________________________________________________% % 13. Why%does%the%sNblock%span%two%groups%of%elements?%___________________________________________________% % 14. Why%does%the%pNblock%span%six%groups%of%elements?%%___________________________________________________% % 15. List%the%Aufbau’s%energy%order,%starting%at%the%lowest%energy.% _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________% 16. What%is%the%shape%of%the%“s”%orbital?%“p”%orbital?%_______________________________________________________% % Topics'to'study:' • People%that%discovered%different%parts%of%the%atom% • Dalton’s%Atomic%Theory%and%the%Modern%Atomic%Theory% • Calculating%Protons,%Neutrons,%Electrons,%and%Mass% • Calculating%the%Average%Atomic%Mass% • Writing%Electron%Configurations% • Writing%Noble%Gas%Notations% • Writing%Orbital%Notations% • Though%you%may%know%how%to%do%each%of%the%calculations%and%configurations%listed%above,%you%still% need%to%study%the%information%that%is%found%in%your%notes.%%