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Slide 1
Human Body Organs and Functions
2014
Mary Tweedy, Curriculum Support Specialist
Keisha Kidd, Curriculum Support Specialist
Dr. Millard Lightburn, Elementary Science Supervisor
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 2
Big Idea 14: Organization and Development of Living Organizations:
SC.5.L.14.1 Identify the organs in the human body and describe their
functions, including the skin, brain, heart, lungs, stomach, liver, intestines,
pancreas, muscles and skeleton, reproductive organs, kidneys, bladder, and
sensory organs.
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 3
Human Body Anticipation Guide
Before
True or
False
What do you know about the organs in the human body and their
functions?
Read each statement and decide if it’s true or false.
After
True or
False
1. Your skeleton gives your body support and structure.
2. Your liver makes bile to help break down food.
3. Muscles cover your bones but work separately to help you move.
4. Kidneys are a pair of filters that clean the blood.
5. Your heart pumps blood through vessels to some parts of the body.
6. The large intestine absorbs water from digested food and eliminates solid
waste.
7. Your lungs can not hold a lot of air.
8. Your brain is your body’s control center.
9. The skin has pores so sweat can not escape the body. It is filled with
sensory organs.
10. The pancreas produces digestive fluids and releases them into the small
intestine.
Slide 4
What do you know about the organs in
the human body and their functions?
Let’s explore the Fun-damental, Building A Body
Pass out the pre-assessment Anticipation Guide
to each student. Have students read the
statements to see what they know about human
body organs and decide if the statements are
true or false. The misconceptions will be
addressed as you move through the benchmark
topic.
Or students record answers in their notebooks .
Use as a formative assessment. Students will
retake it at the end of the topic and compare
number of correct responses.
Ask: What do know about the organs in the human
body and their functions? Click on the hyperlink Body
a Building and explore organs in the body systems.
Ask how do think organs in the body form?
Tissues, Organs and Organ Systems
How do organs in the body form?
Department of Mathematics and Science
Then open up Tissues, Organs and Organ Systems,
watch and discuss.
Slide 5
What is the heart’s function?
Let’s sing Heart and Blood and find out
Sung to “The Ants Go Marching One by One”
The heart is pumping blood for us,
Hurrah, hurrah!
The heart’s a muscle, fabulous,
Hurrah, hurrah!
The heart is pumping blood for us,
It pumps all day without a fuss,
And the blood goes round
Because of our pumping heart!
The blood supplies us oxygen,
Hurrah, hurrah!
It’s what our body needs to run,
Hurrah, hurrah!
The blood supplies us oxygen,]
And that’s a need for everyone,
And the blood goes round
Because of our pumping heart!
Let’s watch Introducing the Human Heart
Slide 6
How does the heart work?
Explore: Hear Your Heart Inquiry
Directions: Work with a partner. Take turns listening to each other’s
heartbeats by putting one end of the tube on the left side of your
partner’s chest and placing your ear to the other end. Then count
the number of beats you hear while sitting for 10 sec. Record in
notebook.
Answer these ?’s in your notebook:
1. What does your partner’s heart sound like?
2. What activities might make your partner’s heart sound and
beat differently?
Try this. Have your partner run in place for 1 minute? Then count
the number of beats you hear while sitting now for 10 sec.
Record and compare. Switch.
3. What happened to you and your partner’s heart sound and
heart rate after exercising?
What happens? Play How Exercise and Emotions Affect Heart Rate
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 7
How Does the Heart Sound?
Explain
A healthy heart makes a “lub dub” sound with each beat.
(http://streaming.discoveryeducation.com/braingames/iknowthat/ScienceIllustrations/humanbody/science_desk.cfm)
 This sound comes from the valves shutting inside the
heart.
(http://streaming.discoveryeducation.com/braingames/iknowthat/ScienceIllustrations/humanbody/science_desk.cfm)
How Does the Heart Work?
Now let’s make and read the AIMS foldable:
Pump Power.
Department of Mathematics and Science
Ask: What does this song teach us about the
heart?
It’s a muscle. It pumps blood around the body.
The blood supplies oxygen that our body needs.
Play the Discovery Ed. Video: Introducing the
Human Heart.
Tell students to close one of their fists and look at
it.
Then say the human heart is about the size of a
closed fist.
The heart is located a little to the left of the
chest. Ask what does a working heart sound like.
Let’s find out.
Explore: Assign partners and give them a
cardboard tube from a paper towel or wrapping
paper role.
Students record observation data in their
notebooks.
Explain: What happens? Find the How Exercise
and Emotions Affect Heart Rate title video clip
on the left side of the screen and click on it to
open it.
First you can click on the Discovery link to hear a
heart beat. Then compare the heart rate at rest
to running on the exploration.
Have students watch the video: How the Heart
Works and then make the Pump Power booklet
to find out how the heart works.
Have students share and write the key points
learned what they learned.
Slide 8
Explain: What does your heart do for your body?
Review with students.
 The heart is a muscle-powered pump moving blood
throughout the body.
 Blood leaves the left side of your heart and travels through
blood vessels called arteries, which gradually branch out
into smaller vessels called capillaries.
 Inside the capillaries in the lungs, an oxygen-carbon dioxide
exchange occurs and in the intestines, a nutrient-waste
exchange occurs.
 This oxygen-poor blood then travels in veins back to the
right side of your heart, and the whole process begins
again.
 Did you know it takes less than 60 seconds to pump blood
into every cell in your body.
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 9
Feel the Pulse
Blood pumped from your heart travels through blood vessels. The largest
blood vessels are called arteries. When you take your pulse, you can feel
what happens when your heart pushes a jet of blood into the arteries.
1. Use your second and third fingers to take your pulse. Place your
fingers firmly up against your jaw to feel your neck pulse, or inside
your wrist near the base of your thumb.
2. Copy chart below in your notebook.
3. Take your pulse for 15 seconds and multiply by 4 to see what your
heart rate is for one minute. Record.
4. Run in place or do jumping jacks for 1 min. Then repeat step 3.
5. Compare the data.
(http://streaming.discoveryeducation.com/braingames/iknowthat/ScienceIllustrations/humanbody/science_desk.cfm)
Pulse Rate
for 15 Second
Pulse Rate
for 1 Minute
At Rest
After Exercising
Slide 10
A Look at the Lungs
Breathing
Breathe in!
Breathe out!
Breathe in!
Breathe out!
Wide awake,
Fast asleep,
Day and night,
You keep
All day
Air goes
In your lungs,
Out your nose.
Breathing in,
Breathing out.
You don’t even
Think about
Inhale!
Exhale!
Inhale!
Exhale!
Breathing in,
Breathing free.
Breathe
Involuntarily!
Department of Mathematics and Science
Ask: What is the purpose or function of the
heart? What does the blood travel in as the
heart pumps it?
Facilitate the Feel the Pulse activity. After step 5
you can click again on the Discovery link to hear a
hearbeat and compare the heart rate at rest,
walking and running at the Iknowthat.com site
from the Discovery Science Lab: Human Body
site.
Take it further and see the pulse working with the
SF Directed Inquiry activity p. 60.
Engage with a Poem: Breathing Then ask what do
our lungs do? (Take in oxygen from the air you
breathe. Get rid of the waste gas, CO2.) After
responses go to next slide.
Slide 11
When you play hard or exercise, your body needs more oxygen. The
extra oxygen helps your body turn food into energy.
How does your body get more oxygen?
How do we breathe?
Let’s watch The Respiratory System
What organ works with the heart to bring oxygen from the air
into your body?
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 12
A Look at the Lungs Inquiry
Explore: What do our lungs do?
Since we can’t see our lungs, we will be working with a
partner to make a model of lungs to observe.
With your partner read and follow directions for
STUDENT EXPERIMENT 2
The Respiratory System: A Lung Likeness
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Slide 13
Explain
Let’s watch Lungs and Diaphragm
Ask: How does your body get more oxygen? (
through breathing)
How do we breathe? Listen to responses and
then say let’s watch a video to compare our ideas
to how breathing works.
What organ works with the heart to bring oxygen
from the air into your body? (lungs) Say in our
next activity we’ll build a model of the lungs to
explore how the lungs function. (Gr. 2 AIMS Life
Science or go online to find a similar activity.)
Pass out activity worksheet, Student Experiment
2, The Respiratory System: A lung Likeness and
the materials needed to make a model. (per
model: 1 – 1 liter plastic bottle, plastic wrap or
recycle plastic grocery bag, masking tape, 1 straw,
clay, tape, and scissors)
(Gr. 2 AIMS Life Science or go online to find a
similar activity.)
Students respond in their notebooks and then
share out.
Now let’s look at our lung model
1. What part of the model represents the lung?
2. What part represents the chest cavity?
3. What part represents the diaphragm?
4. What happens when you push and pull on the
plastic?
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 14
Evaluate: A Look at Lungs
1. What do you feel expand or get bigger when
you take a deep breath?
2. Where are your lungs located?
How do they work?
3. What part of your body is wrapped around
your lungs? What is the purpose?
Department of Mathematics and Science
This can be collected for a grade.
Slide 15
Extend/Elaborate
Let’s watch the Movie: The Respiratory System
http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/RSmovie.html
Make a foldable book: Inhale and Exhale Tale
Read and Discuss
Click on the hyperlink to play the movie.
Students can respond in their notebook and then
share out.
1. Do you think your nose and lungs are related?
2. Does it make a difference if you breathe in through your mouth
or nose?
3. What are some benefits of breathing in through your nose?
4. When is breathing in through your nose helpful?
5. What are you wondering now?
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 16
Skin
What covers my arms, legs, and chin?
Skin!
What protects each ankle and shin?
Skin!
What’s layered so it isn’t too thin?
Skin!
What helps keep my body parts in?
Skin!
What stretches whenever I grin?
Skin!
Engage: Have students read the poem. Ask
what is the function of our skin? Listen to
responses. Then students can also read
ScienceSaurus Handbook p. 119 and Gr. 5 SF
textbook p. 45 to find out more.
Go to the next slide.
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 17
What does our Skin do for us?
•
•
•
•
Protects your other organs and tissues.
Helps maintain a stable body temperature.
Water and wastes leave your skin in perspirations.
Structures such as hair and sensory organs are
contained in the skin.
Explain: Say: Let’s watch the video to find out
about our skin. Click on the hyperlink Skin in the
title. What are its functions? What’s special
about our skin compared to other organs? (it’s
the largest)
What’s special about the skin when
compared to all other organs?
It’s the largest organ in your body.
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 18
Sensory Organs Exploration
Just below the outer layer of the skin we have sense organs
that respond to pressure, pain, and temperature. There are
two types of temperature receptors:
• Hot receptors respond to things hotter than our skin.
• Cold receptors respond to things colder than our skin.
They are clustered together in hot spots and cold spots.
While a thermometer can tell us the exact temperature of
something. We can only compare the temperature of our skin.
Let’s try an experiment to see how skin responds to
temperature.
We’ll need 4 containers that a hand can fit inside in each with
one filled with warm water, one with cold and 2 with room
temperature water.
Department of Mathematics and Science
Engage: Ask what are our sensory organs? (
eyes, nose, ears…..) Have students read the first
paragraph. What do sensory organs in the skin
respond to?
Explore: Say we’re going to do an investigation
to look at how the sense organs located in our
skin respond to temperature.
Slide 19
Let’s follow these procedures to see how your skin
responds to two types of temperature: hot and cold.
 Arrange the containers of water in front of you from left to
right as follows: 1 warm, 2 room temperature, 1 cold.
You will need four containers. Fill one with cold
water, one with hot water (not to hot) and two
with room temperature water (both at the same
temperature).
 Place your left hand in the bowl of warm water and your
right hand in the bowl of cold water for 30 seconds.
 Remove your hands from the water and place both into the
room temperature water containers.
What do you notice?
What can you feel?
Can you explain what is happening?
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 20
Explain
You can assign the extension for homework.
What’s happening:
Hot and cold are just a way of comparing what you are used
to, with what you are feeling. Your left hand was used to
warm water, so when you placed it into the bowl with water
at room temperature, it felt quite cold. On the other side,
your right hand was used to cold water, so when you placed
it into room-temperature water, it felt warm. Both hands
were in the same water, but since they were used to
different temperatures, one felt cold and the other felt
warm.
Extension:
Next time you’re at a swimming pool, try to explain how
warm or cold the air and water feel when you are dry and
when you are wet. Heat flows naturally from warm objects
and makes us feel warm or cold as a result.
Slide 21
Penny Drop
How your brain processes messages from the sensory organs?
Assign partners and pass out a penny to each. Go
over procedures.
Materials: 2 players 1 penny
Procedure: One player holds out his or her hand, with the palm
facing up. The other player will hold a penny above the 1st player’s
hand and drop the penny. The 1st player will try to move his/her hand
out of the way before penny hits it. Switch roles.
Experiment with dropping the penny from different heights.
Explain: Was it easier or harder to move your hand away when the
penny from a greater height? Why?
Elaborate: Let’s watch a video on the Central Nervous System to
learn more.
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 22
Sensory Organs
Our body uses our sensory organs to recognize a change
outside or inside the body called a stimulus. Special cells in
the nervous system called neurons carry messages to and
from the brain and spinal cord.
Sensory neurons detect a stimulus. Then additional
neurons carry the message to the spinal cord and brain.
The brain interprets the information and decides on an
action. The message is carried back to the motor neurons.
They direct the muscles to carry out a response. All of this
happens in a fraction of a second. This is measured as
reaction time.
Let’s make and read a foldable: Brain at Work!
What are the sensory organs? (eyes, nose, ears,
receptors in our skin tissue)
What is the function of our sensory organs?
What is reaction time?
What does the brain do? Students can make the
Brain at Work foldable to read for more
information.
Slide 23
Digestion
Chomp, chomp! Chew, chew!
When you eat, what do you do?
Chomp, chomp! Chew, chew!
Till it’s time to swallow.
Sugar, starch, protein, fat,
Your body uses all of that.
Sugar, starch, protein, fat,
That your food provides!
Gulp, gulp! Swallow, swallow!
Down into the stomach hollow.
Gulp, gulp! Swallow, swallow!
There the food is stored.
That’s the process.
One last question:
What this process called?
Digestion!
Mix, mix! Churn, churn!
Juices mix as muscles turn.
Mix, mix! Churn, churn!
The food is breaking down!
Now let’s view:
Engage: Read the poem. Then ask: What
happens during digestion? Then view the movie
and ask what organs are at work in our digestive
system?
Some are stomach, intestines, liver, gall bladder.
The Digestive System
http://kidshealth.org/PageManager.jsp?lic=1&article_set=59
299&cat_id=20607
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 24
Digestion
Let’s watch some videos to take a closer look at the roles
of the stomach, intestines, liver and pancreas organs:
• Upper Digestive System
• Small Intestine
• Pancreas, Liver, and Large Intestine
What is the role of each?
Now we can read A Day in Your Digestive System.
Elaborate: How long do you think your digestion system is?
Make a prediction in metric units and then try the
Measuring the Monstrous Digestion System activity.
Explain: Click on each of the Discovery Education
bulleted hyperlinked videos :
Upper Digestive System
Small Intestine
Pancreas, Liver, and Large Intestine
Click on hyperlink for A Day in Your Digestive
System.
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 25
Bones
(Sung to “Home on the Range”)
Oh, give me some bones
That are sturdy as stones.
That connect from my head to my toes.
My bones help me out,
Help my body about,
They protect it wherever it goes!
The bones in my spine
Help me out,
Help my body about,
Bones protect me as I go along!
Chorus:
Bones, bones hard and strong,
All connected so nothing goes wrong.
My bones help me out,
Help my body about,
Bones protect me as I go along.
Chorus:
Bones, bones hard and strong,
All connected so nothing goes wrong.
My bones help me out,
Help my body about,
Bones protect me as I go along.
Ask: What do our bones do for us? (protect)
What do our bones form? (our skeleton)
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 26
Bones and Muscles
What do they do?
Bones
Muscles
• Support your body.
• Protect your vital
organs.
• Store minerals like
calcium.
• Produce red blood cells.
• Attach muscles.
• Come in different sizes
and shapes.
• Move your body.
• Make your heart beat
and pump blood through
out the body.
• Let you breathe, cough
and sneeze.
• Move food through your
digestive system.
Department of Mathematics and Science
Ask: What do our bones and muscles do?
Let’s watch a Discovery video Bones and Muscles.
Listen and take notes on the functions of each.
We can watch another video on just bones. Click
on Bones. Then ask?
What the functions of our bones?
Let’s look at the muscles again. Click on Muscles.
What are their functions.
How do our bones work with our muscles?
Slide 27
Let’s Explore Mighty Muscles
In this Exploration you will select an action the
human body can perform and watch as the
muscles involved perform that action.
1. What is the true of the way all muscles work?
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 28
Why Are Muscles Important to the Body?
Explain and evaluate: Ask question and discuss.
Without muscles, you couldn’t move. Muscles
have other functions besides movement. Muscle
is what causes your heart to beat so blood can
be pumped all through your body. Organs inside
your body sometimes need to move. Blood
vessels have to change their shape. These
movements are caused by muscles.
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 29
What Are the Two Main Types of Muscles?
Explain and evaluate: Ask question and discuss.
Muscles that you have to think about using are
called voluntary muscles. For example, your
brain sends signals to muscles in your legs
before you kick a soccer ball. How often do you
decide to make your heart beat? You can’t! Your
heart muscle beats without you thinking about
it. Muscles that work without you thinking
about them are called involuntary muscles.
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 30
Concept Review: Muscular System
1. Why are muscles important to the body?
Answer: Muscles are important because the
provide movement for the body.
2. What are the two main types of muscles?
Answer: The two main types of muscles are
voluntary and involuntary.
Department of Mathematics and Science
Explain and evaluate: Ask question and discuss.
Slide 31
Explain and evaluate: Ask question and discuss.
3. How are muscles different throughout the
body?
Answer: Different parts of the body have
different types of muscles. Some muscles are
attached to bones with tendons, and other
muscles are within organs and help them
function.
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 32
The Human Body Game
Playing the Game:
1. Divide the class into 2 teams. Flip a coin to see who goes first.
2. The object of the game is to match the organ names with the poster
pictures. Teams take turns.
3. A correct match earns the team 1 point.
4. No coaching from the teams is allowed. If someone calls out the answer
from either team, 1 point is deducted.
5. The team with the most points wins.
Extra Challenge:
1. Have the team with the lowest score start the second round.
2. A team member points out an organ and states its function. The organ
label is turned over and if correct, the team receives two points. Then it’s
the other team’s turn.
Optional choice: http://quizlet.com/21351132/gr-5-human-body-organs-andfunctions-flash-cards/
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 33
Post Human Body Anticipation Guide
Before
True or
False
After
True or
False
1. Your skeleton gives your body support and structure.
2. Your liver makes bile to help break down food.
3. Muscles cover your bones but work separately to help you move.
4. Kidneys are a pair of filters that clean the blood.
5. Your heart pumps blood through vessels to some parts of the body.
6. The large intestine absorbs water from digested food and eliminates solid
waste.
7. Your lungs can not hold a lot of air.
8. Your brain is your body’s control center.
9. The skin has pores so sweat can not escape the body. It is filled with
sensory organs.
10. The pancreas produces digestive fluids and releases them into the small
intestine.
Evaluate: Copies of this activity were given at
previous Science Leaders’ PD. It will be posted.
Hang the organ posters on the white board or a
bulletin board using two sided tape, funtak, or
magnetic pieces. Place and attach the organ
names face out. Use string or yarn to connect
the organ to organ name matches.
Please note. A 10 minute “commercial break”
can take place during which teams can refer to
their notebooks and other resources to review
the function of the organs.
Have students retake the Anticipation Guide.
Correct and compare to the before assessment
responses.
Slide 34
Evaluate: Students can do the Evaluate quiz.
Evaluate
Word Bank
brain
heart
lungs
muscles
pancreas sensory organs
1. Your _________________ tells your body what to do.
2. ________________ work with your bones to help you move.
3. Your ______________ pumps blood throughout your body.
4. ________________ react to a stimulus such as temperature.
5. ________________ produces enzymes necessary for digestion.
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 35
Florida Achieves: SC.5.L.14.1
Evaluate: Have students answer question, and
discuss test taking strategies.
1) What is the purpose of the pancreas?
A. mixing blood and oxygen
B. removing excess fluids from the body
C. storing large quantities of blood, minerals
and vitamins
D. helping with digestion by secreting enzymes
to process sugars
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 36
Florida Achieves: SC.5.L.14.1
2. What is the purpose of the small intestine in
the human body?
A.
B.
C.
D.
combines oxygen and blood
stores urine for later removal
removes water from waste matter
digests and absorbs nutrients from food
Department of Mathematics and Science
Evaluate: Have students answer question, and
discuss test taking strategies.
Slide 37
Florida Achieves: SC.5.L.14.1
Evaluate: Have students answer question, and
discuss test taking strategies.
3. Which answer best describes the purpose of
the muscles in the human body?
A.
B.
C.
D.
to protect tissues and form blood
to remove and use nutrients from food
to produce movement and provide support
to combine blood and oxygen needed for
movement
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 38
Florida Achieves: SC.5.L.14.1
Evaluate: Have students answer question, and
discuss test taking strategies.
4) Which part of the body protects organs,
provides support, and forms blood cells?
A.
B.
C.
D.
the brain
the heart
the liver
the skeleton
Department of Mathematics and Science
Slide 39
More Body Organ Resources
Poems, Songs, Videos…
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
http://quizlet.com/21351132/gr-5-human-body-organs-and-functions-flash-cards/
http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/htbw_main_page.html
http://kidshealth.org/kid/closet/movies/how_the_body_works_interim.html
http://www.bbc.co.uk/northernireland/schools/4_11/tykids/index.shtml
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/podsmission/bones
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/9_10/keeping_healthy.shtml
Gr. 5 Pacing Guide Topic XVII Supplemental Resources including Discovery
Education
Grade 2 AIMS Life Science
Recommended Resources:
Go to this Quizlet direct link for human body
review:
http://quizlet.com/21351132/gr-5human-body-organs-and-functions-flashcards/
Department of Mathematics and Science
Grade 5 AIMS Life Science Human Body activities
Grade 2 AIMS Life Science activities Body Part
Bing or Operation Body Parts can be used to
review many of the organs.