Download Rocks: Mineral Mixtures

Rocks: Mineral
Mixtures
• What exactly is rock?
A solid mixture of minerals,
shells, bones, leaves, stems
and other remains of living
things.
Classify Rocks
• The three main types of rocks
are: igneous, sedimentary, and
metamorphic
• The way the rock forms or is made
determines the type of rock that it
is.
•.
Igneous Rocks
• Igneous rocks were originally
hot, fluid magma within the
Earth.
• Igneous get their name from
the Latin word, ignis, which
means “fire”.
Igneous rocks are classified according
where they formed.
• Extrusive rock is rock that formed
from lava that erupted onto the
Earth’s surface.
• Intrusive rock is rocked that formed
when magma hardened beneath the
Earth’s surface.
Igneous Rocks
Sedimentary Rock
• Most sedimentary rocks are
formed from particles that have
been carried along and deposited
by wind and water and then
pressed together to form
sedimentary rocks.
Compaction
• Year after year more sediment falls on top
and are pressed to form more layers. The
weight of each layer continues to compact
the layers together.
Cementation
the process in which the dissolved minerals
crystallize and glue particles of sediment
together
Sedimentary Rocks
Shale
Conglomerate
Sandstone
Metamorphic Rocks
• Metamorphic rocks are new rocks that are
formed when tremendous heat and great
pressure change existing rocks.
• These new rocks will have chemical and
physical properties that are very different
from the original rocks.
Metamorphic Rocks
Gneiss
Schist
Rock Cycle
• The continuous changing of rocks from
one kind to another over long periods of
time is called the rock cycle.
• The rock cycle has no definite sequence.
It can follow many different pathways.
The Value of Rock
• Rock is an important natural resource.
• Used by early humans to make tools
such as hammers, spears, knives, and
scrapers.
• Used for centuries to make buildings,
roads, and monuments.
• Certain types of rocks have helped build
ancient and modern civilizations.
• Rock study has helped scientists to
discover the history of life on Earth.
Fossils
• Fossils are found in Sedimentary rock
• They help provide information of life
forms that lived thousands of years
ago.
Fossils provide information about life and
conditions in the past.
Fossils of Sea Creatures
• Oceans once
covered the
area
• What part of
the ocean
Fossils of Plants
• Plant fossils can
tell us about the
ancient
environment
Animal Fossils
• Animal fossils can
tell us
– About past
environments
– What the animal ate
– How they lived