* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Follow up of Indeterminate QFT-G An indeterminate QFT
Microbicides for sexually transmitted diseases wikipedia , lookup
Meningococcal disease wikipedia , lookup
Neglected tropical diseases wikipedia , lookup
Cryptosporidiosis wikipedia , lookup
Brucellosis wikipedia , lookup
Eradication of infectious diseases wikipedia , lookup
West Nile fever wikipedia , lookup
Chagas disease wikipedia , lookup
Onchocerciasis wikipedia , lookup
Marburg virus disease wikipedia , lookup
Trichinosis wikipedia , lookup
Sarcocystis wikipedia , lookup
Leptospirosis wikipedia , lookup
African trypanosomiasis wikipedia , lookup
Middle East respiratory syndrome wikipedia , lookup
Sexually transmitted infection wikipedia , lookup
Visceral leishmaniasis wikipedia , lookup
Hepatitis C wikipedia , lookup
Neonatal infection wikipedia , lookup
Dirofilaria immitis wikipedia , lookup
Hepatitis B wikipedia , lookup
Diagnosis of HIV/AIDS wikipedia , lookup
Human cytomegalovirus wikipedia , lookup
Schistosomiasis wikipedia , lookup
Hospital-acquired infection wikipedia , lookup
Fasciolosis wikipedia , lookup
Coccidioidomycosis wikipedia , lookup
Oesophagostomum wikipedia , lookup
CDC Guidelines for Use of QuantiFERON®-TB Gold Test Philip LoBue, MD Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Tuberculosis Elimination Outline • • • • • • • • Background and purpose Where to find guidelines Methods for developing guidelines Recommendations for QFT-G use Guidance for follow up of – Positive test result – Negative test result – Indeterminate test result Special situations – Contact investigation – Serial testing (e.g., occupational) Future research needs Future guidelines Background and Purpose • QFT-G received final approval from FDA as • an aid for diagnosing M. tuberculosis infection in May 2005 CDC statement (published December 2005) meant to provide interim guidance for use and interpretation of QFT-G Where Can You Find the Guidelines? • Print: Guidelines for Using the • QuantiFERON®-TB Gold Test for Detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection, United States, MMWR, December 16, 2005 / Vol. 54 / No. RR-15, pp. 49-54. Internet: http://www.cdc.gov/nchstp/tb/pubs/mmwrhtml /maj_guide.htm Methods for Developing Guidelines • Panel of expert consultants convened July • • 2005 Reviewed published and unpublished data In developing guidelines, CDC reviewed scientific evidence independently and considered opinion of consultants Recommendations for Use of QFT-G QFT-G can be used in all circumstances in which the TST is used, including • Contact investigations • Evaluation of recent immigrants who have • had BCG vaccination TB screening of health-care workers and others undergoing serial evaluation for M. tuberculosis infection QFT-G usually can be used in place of (and usually not in addition to) the TST Follow up of Positive QFT-G A positive QFT-G should prompt the same health and medical interventions as a positive TST result • No reason exists to follow a positive QFT-G • • with a TST Persons with a positive QFT-G result should be evaluated for TB disease before LTBI is diagnosed After TB has been excluded, treatment of LTBI should be considered Follow up of Negative QFT-G The majority of healthy adults who have negative QFT-G results are unlikely to have M. tuberculosis infection and do not require further evaluation Cautions and Limitations • As with a negative TST result, negative QFT-G results • • • should not be used alone to exclude M. tuberculosis infection in persons with symptoms or signs suggestive of TB disease The performance of QFT-G has not been determined in persons who, because of impaired immune function (e.g., HIV infection), are at increased risk for M. tuberculosis infection progressing to TB disease As with a negative TST result, negative QFT-G results alone might not be sufficient to exclude M. tuberculosis infection in immunocompromised persons Limited published data document the performance of QFT-G in children aged <17 years Follow up of Indeterminate QFTG An indeterminate QFT-G result does not provide useful information regarding the likelihood of M. tuberculosis infection • Optimal follow up of persons with • • indeterminate QFT-G results has not been determined Options are to repeat QFT-G with a new blood sample, administer a TST, or do neither Decision should be based on pre-test likelihood of M. tuberculosis infection Contact Investigations For persons with recent contact to an infectious TB patient, negative QFT-G results should be confirmed with a repeat test 8-10 weeks after exposure (end of window period) as is recommended for a negative TST When “window prophylaxis” has been started for high-risk contacts exposed to an infectious TB patient, a negative QFT-G result at the end of the window period should be interpreted in light of all other clinical and epidemiologic data • A full course of LTBI treatment should be considered even with a negative result when the rate of M. tuberculosis transmission to other contacts is high or when a false-negative result is suspected because of an immunocompromising medical condition Serial Testing (e.g., Healthcare Workers) In situations with serial testing for M. tuberculosis infection (e.g., health-care workers), initial twostep testing (necessary for TST) is not necessary for QFT-G • In contrast to TST, there is no boosting with QFT-G Future Research Needs • Performance of QFT-G in young children • Performance of QFT-G in persons with impaired • • • immunity (e.g., HIV) Performance and practicality of QFT-G in substantial numbers of persons who undergo periodic screening Determination of subsequent incidence of TB disease after LTBI has been either diagnosed or excluded with QFT-G Length of time between exposure, establishment of infection, and emergence of a positive QFT-G test result • Economic evaluation and decision analysis • • • comparing QFT-G with TST Changes in QFT-G results with therapy for TB disease and LTBI Ability of QFT-G to detect re-infection after treatment for LTBI and TB disease Performance of QFT-G in targeted testing programs (e.g., recent immigrants from highincidence countries) Future Guidelines • Current guidelines will be modified or new guidelines developed as – Additional studies on QFT-G are published – New versions of QFT and other interferongamma release assays become available