Code of Professional Conduct for Veterinary Nurses
... How does the RCVS deal with concerns about a veterinary surgeon’s or registered veterinary nurse’s health? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 What happens if a veterinary surgeon or registered veterinary nurse does not cooperate with the PIC when it investigates a ...
... How does the RCVS deal with concerns about a veterinary surgeon’s or registered veterinary nurse’s health? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 What happens if a veterinary surgeon or registered veterinary nurse does not cooperate with the PIC when it investigates a ...
1 - Utrecht University Repository
... - Class 4 Infected: wounds with obvious contamination or signs of infection, for example old traumatic wounds. An infected wound contains more than 105 bacteria per gram tissue. Another way by which wounds can be classified is acute or chronic. For wound management it is important to know how long t ...
... - Class 4 Infected: wounds with obvious contamination or signs of infection, for example old traumatic wounds. An infected wound contains more than 105 bacteria per gram tissue. Another way by which wounds can be classified is acute or chronic. For wound management it is important to know how long t ...
PDF (Studentthesis-2013) - Aston Research Explorer
... perceived role of companion animals in contributing to the risk of exposure to zoonotic bacterial pathogens, such as Salmonella. Manifestations of Salmonella can range from acute gastroenteritis to perfuse enteric fever, in both humans and dogs. Dogs are heavily associated with asymptomatic carriage ...
... perceived role of companion animals in contributing to the risk of exposure to zoonotic bacterial pathogens, such as Salmonella. Manifestations of Salmonella can range from acute gastroenteritis to perfuse enteric fever, in both humans and dogs. Dogs are heavily associated with asymptomatic carriage ...
as a PDF
... Turtle-associated salmonellosis was recognized as a public health concern in the 1960’s, particularly due to an increase in the incidence of disease among children. In response to the public health threat, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) implemented regulations in 1975 restricti ...
... Turtle-associated salmonellosis was recognized as a public health concern in the 1960’s, particularly due to an increase in the incidence of disease among children. In response to the public health threat, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) implemented regulations in 1975 restricti ...
Evaluation of the metabolic response, blood chemistry profile, and
... hydrochloride (ZH; 8.33 mg / kg on a DM basis) for 20 d followed by a 3 d withdrawal, or fed the control diet for 23 d and then subjected to an endocrine challenge..…………………………………………………….79 ...
... hydrochloride (ZH; 8.33 mg / kg on a DM basis) for 20 d followed by a 3 d withdrawal, or fed the control diet for 23 d and then subjected to an endocrine challenge..…………………………………………………….79 ...
Review of (Dihydro) Streptomycin/Penicillin report
... in control of virulent footrot and dermatophilosis in sheep, but the dose rates required are above recommended label rates and are likely to lead to residue violations. Other registered uses on food-producing animals were not justified, either by new data or by information in the literature. There w ...
... in control of virulent footrot and dermatophilosis in sheep, but the dose rates required are above recommended label rates and are likely to lead to residue violations. Other registered uses on food-producing animals were not justified, either by new data or by information in the literature. There w ...
Group 1 Fowl Adenovirus, Serotype 4
... The Australian Government acting through Biosecurity Australia has exercised due care and skill in the preparation and compilation of the information in this publication. Notwithstanding, Biosecurity Australia, its employees and advisers disclaim all liability, including liability for negligence, fo ...
... The Australian Government acting through Biosecurity Australia has exercised due care and skill in the preparation and compilation of the information in this publication. Notwithstanding, Biosecurity Australia, its employees and advisers disclaim all liability, including liability for negligence, fo ...
PATHOLOGY OF WEST NILE VIRUS LINEAGES JUNE HEATHER WILLIAMS
... 50% of affected humans develop neurological signs and/or flaccid paralysis, in some cases fatal or severely debilitating, due to variable encephalitis, meningitis and poliomyelitis. Two predominant genetic lineages exist, 1 and 2, with neurovirulent lineage 1 strains recorded in the northern and wes ...
... 50% of affected humans develop neurological signs and/or flaccid paralysis, in some cases fatal or severely debilitating, due to variable encephalitis, meningitis and poliomyelitis. Two predominant genetic lineages exist, 1 and 2, with neurovirulent lineage 1 strains recorded in the northern and wes ...
The role of goats and pigs in the maintenance and transmission of
... Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections of man have been associated with consumption of unpasteurised goat’s milk and direct contact with kid goats on petting farms and yet little is known about colonisation of goats with this organism. To assess coloniosation and transmission in goat ...
... Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections of man have been associated with consumption of unpasteurised goat’s milk and direct contact with kid goats on petting farms and yet little is known about colonisation of goats with this organism. To assess coloniosation and transmission in goat ...
EVALUATION OF ROUGH BRUCELLA STRAINS AS VACCINES
... Abortion is the most common manifestation in females (Deyoe and Manthei 1975); however, piglets may be delivered healthy, stillborn, mummified, or weak. Mastitis, abscess formation, and chronic metritis are also common, with the latter being the major cause of infertility in sows (Alton 1990, Leman ...
... Abortion is the most common manifestation in females (Deyoe and Manthei 1975); however, piglets may be delivered healthy, stillborn, mummified, or weak. Mastitis, abscess formation, and chronic metritis are also common, with the latter being the major cause of infertility in sows (Alton 1990, Leman ...
Rabies - Concordia University, Nebraska
... Rabies' Victims. (2014). Retrieved from Global Alliance for Rabies Control: http://rabiesalliance.org/rabies/rabies-and-children/ Rabies Virus. (2010). Retrieved from Pathogen Profile Dictionary: http://www.ppdictionary.com/viruses/rabies.htm ...
... Rabies' Victims. (2014). Retrieved from Global Alliance for Rabies Control: http://rabiesalliance.org/rabies/rabies-and-children/ Rabies Virus. (2010). Retrieved from Pathogen Profile Dictionary: http://www.ppdictionary.com/viruses/rabies.htm ...
Fasciolosis
Fasciolosis (also known as fascioliasis, fasciolasis, distomatosis and liver rot) is a parasitic worm infection caused by the common liver fluke Fasciola hepatica as well as by Fasciola gigantica. The disease is a plant-borne trematode zoonosis, and is classified as a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD). It affects humans, but its main host is ruminants such as cattle and sheep. The disease progresses through four distinct phases; an initial incubation phase of between a few days up to three months with little or no symptoms; an invasive or acute phase which may manifest with: fever, malaise, abdominal pain, gastrointestinal symptoms, urticaria, anemia, jaundice, and respiratory symptoms. The disease later progresses to a latent phase with less symptoms and ultimately into a chronic or obstructive phase months to years later. In the chronic state the disease causes inflammation of the bile ducts, gall bladder and may cause gall stones as well as fibrosis. While chronic inflammation is connected to increased cancer rates it is unclear whether fasciolosis is associated with increased cancer risk.Up to half of those infected display no symptoms, and diagnosis is difficult because eggs are often missed in fecal examination. The methods of detection are through fecal examination, parasite-specific antibody detection, radiological diagnosis as well as laparotomy. In case of a suspected outbreak it may be useful to keep track of dietary history, which is also useful for exclusion of differential diagnoses. Fecal examination is generally not helpful because eggs can seldom be detected in the chronic phase of the infection and detection of eggs. Eggs appear in the feces first between 9–11 weeks post-infection. The cause of this is unknown, and the it is also difficult to distinguish between the different species of fasciola as well distinguishing them from Echinostomes and Fasciolopsis. Most immunodiagnostic tests detect infection with very high sensitivity and as concentration drops after treatment it is a very good diagnostic method. Clinically it is not possible to differentiate from other liver and bile diseases. Radiological methods can detect lesions in both acute and chronic infection, while laparotomy will detect lesions and also occasionally eggs and live worms.Because of the size of the parasite (adult F. hepatica: 20–30 × 13 mm, adult F. gigantica: 25–75×12 mm) fasciolosis is a big concern. The amount of symptoms depend on how many worms and what stage the infection is in. The death rate is significant in both sheep and cattle, but generally low among humans. Treatment with triclabendazole is highly effective against the adult worms as well as various developing stages. Praziquantel is not effective, and older drugs such as bithionol are moderately effective but also cause more side effects. Secondary bacterial infection causing cholangitis is also a concern and can be treated with antibiotics, and toxaemia may be treated with prednisolone.Humans are infected by eating watergrown plants, primarily wild grown watercress in Europe and morning glory in Asia. Infection may also occur by drinking contaminated water with floating young fasciola or when using utensils washed with contaminated water. Cultivated plants do not spread the disease in the same capacity. Human infection is rare even if the infection rate is high among animals. Especially high rates of human infection have been found in Bolivia, Peru and Egypt, and this may be due to consumption of certain foods. No vaccine is available to protect people against Fasciola infection. Preventative measures are primarily treating and immunization the livestock – which are required for the live cycle of the worms. Veterinary vaccines are in development and their use is being considered by a number of countries on account of the risk to human health and economic losses resulting from livestock infection. Other methods include using molluscicides to decrease the amount of snails that act as vectors, but it is not practical. Educational methods to decrease consumption of wild watercress and other waterplants has been shown to work in areas with a high disease burden. In some areas of the world where fascioliasis is found (endemic), special control programs are in place or are planned. The types of control measures depend on the setting (such as epidemiologic, ecologic, and cultural factors). Strict control of the growth and sale of watercress and other edible water plants is important.Individual people can protect themselves by not eating raw watercress and other water plants, especially from endemic grazing areas. Travelers to areas with poor sanitation should avoid food and water that might be contaminated (tainted). Vegetables grown in fields that might have been irrigated with polluted water should be thoroughly cooked, as should viscera from potentially infected animals. Fascioliasis occurs in Europe, Africa, the Americas as well as Oceania. Recently, worldwide losses in animal productivity due to fasciolosis were conservatively estimated at over US$3.2 billion per annum. Fasciolosis is now recognized as an emerging human disease: the World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that 2.4 million people are infected with Fasciola, and a further 180 million are at risk of infection.