Arthritis - Draper Veterinary Services Centre Inc.
... suitable for your pet. This includes looking at diet, weight control, exercise management, antiinflammatory drugs, nutraceuticals, essential fatty acid supplements, disease modifying drugs, physiotherapy (including acupuncture and laser treatment) and other treatments. Ensuring that your pet does no ...
... suitable for your pet. This includes looking at diet, weight control, exercise management, antiinflammatory drugs, nutraceuticals, essential fatty acid supplements, disease modifying drugs, physiotherapy (including acupuncture and laser treatment) and other treatments. Ensuring that your pet does no ...
Evaluation of the association of Bartonella species, feline
... (Lappin et al 2002, Mouzin et al 2004) antibodies in normal cats, lessening the predictive value of these assays. However, previous studies have shown increased FHV-1 (Lommer and Verstraete 2003) and FCV (Knowles et al 1989, Lommer and Verstraete 2003) carriage rates in cats with GS compared to norm ...
... (Lappin et al 2002, Mouzin et al 2004) antibodies in normal cats, lessening the predictive value of these assays. However, previous studies have shown increased FHV-1 (Lommer and Verstraete 2003) and FCV (Knowles et al 1989, Lommer and Verstraete 2003) carriage rates in cats with GS compared to norm ...
Article-Dipu
... McGowan, 1996; Acar and Rostel, 2001). Antimicrobial use in food animal production may become a public health issue when resistant organisms or their resistance genes spread from animals to humans by direct contact or through the food chain (Aarestrup, 2005; Wassenaar, 2005). The MRSA is currently ...
... McGowan, 1996; Acar and Rostel, 2001). Antimicrobial use in food animal production may become a public health issue when resistant organisms or their resistance genes spread from animals to humans by direct contact or through the food chain (Aarestrup, 2005; Wassenaar, 2005). The MRSA is currently ...
Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella enterica and the Role of Animal
... objective is to describe the situation regarding Salmonella enterica control and antibiotic resistance in selected countries in Europe and USA and to analyse which component regarding the control programmes are crucial for a reduction in antibiotic resistance. Methods: A literature search was perfor ...
... objective is to describe the situation regarding Salmonella enterica control and antibiotic resistance in selected countries in Europe and USA and to analyse which component regarding the control programmes are crucial for a reduction in antibiotic resistance. Methods: A literature search was perfor ...
Toxoplasma gondii in wild boars and domestic pigs in Sweden
... During acute infection, tachyzoites may also pass the placental barrier (vertical transmission) to cause infection in the unborn foetus (Jungersen et al., 2001; Dubey & Urban, 1990). The consensus view is that congenital transmission only occurs following primary infection during pregnancy. A previo ...
... During acute infection, tachyzoites may also pass the placental barrier (vertical transmission) to cause infection in the unborn foetus (Jungersen et al., 2001; Dubey & Urban, 1990). The consensus view is that congenital transmission only occurs following primary infection during pregnancy. A previo ...
2012 - Veterinary Medical Examiners
... MRSA: Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus M a r k I o d e n c e DV M , A BV P Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and other Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus species like pseudintermedius (MRSP) and schleiferi (MRSS) can cause serious infections in both humans and animals. ...
... MRSA: Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus M a r k I o d e n c e DV M , A BV P Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and other Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus species like pseudintermedius (MRSP) and schleiferi (MRSS) can cause serious infections in both humans and animals. ...
Bovine TB: a review of badger-to-cattle transmission
... identified: (a) direct aerosol / respiratory transmission, which may occur when there is close (2-3m) contact and (b) indirect transmission through cattle contact with potentially infectious badger excreta such as sputum, pus, faeces or urine. Both direct and indirect transmission routes may potenti ...
... identified: (a) direct aerosol / respiratory transmission, which may occur when there is close (2-3m) contact and (b) indirect transmission through cattle contact with potentially infectious badger excreta such as sputum, pus, faeces or urine. Both direct and indirect transmission routes may potenti ...
Molecular Typing of Enterobacteriaceae from Pig Holdings in North
... food chain [10]. Several studies have proven that European retail meat and vegetables are contaminated with ESBL-E [11–14]. Furthermore, some studies indicated similarities between Escherichia coli strains and associated resistance genes found in meat and humans [12, 15]. In addition, spread of ESBL ...
... food chain [10]. Several studies have proven that European retail meat and vegetables are contaminated with ESBL-E [11–14]. Furthermore, some studies indicated similarities between Escherichia coli strains and associated resistance genes found in meat and humans [12, 15]. In addition, spread of ESBL ...
judicious use of antimicrobial agents
... maximizes therapeutic effect and minimizes the development of antimicrobial resistance” (WHO 2000). The Federation of Veterinarians of Europe (FVE 1999) adds that “Prudent use … is an integral part of good veterinary practices. It is an attitude to maximise therapeutic efficacy and minimise selectio ...
... maximizes therapeutic effect and minimizes the development of antimicrobial resistance” (WHO 2000). The Federation of Veterinarians of Europe (FVE 1999) adds that “Prudent use … is an integral part of good veterinary practices. It is an attitude to maximise therapeutic efficacy and minimise selectio ...
Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from horses
... Identification of the specific SCCmec type carried by an isolate forms the basis of one of several typing systems used for molecular characterisation of MRSA strains, although the limited number of identifiable types means it is not a highly discriminatory technique [52]. Other typing schemes involv ...
... Identification of the specific SCCmec type carried by an isolate forms the basis of one of several typing systems used for molecular characterisation of MRSA strains, although the limited number of identifiable types means it is not a highly discriminatory technique [52]. Other typing schemes involv ...
comparison of the antimicrobial efficacy of topical antiseptic creams
... The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of five broad-spectrum topical antiseptic creams on infected canine wounds and their suitability for clinical application in veterinary practice. Five topical antiseptic creams namely, TCP® (containing chlorine, iodine and phenol), Det ...
... The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of five broad-spectrum topical antiseptic creams on infected canine wounds and their suitability for clinical application in veterinary practice. Five topical antiseptic creams namely, TCP® (containing chlorine, iodine and phenol), Det ...
Chapters - SEALS Digital Commons
... advanced cases, lymph nodes are often greatly enlarged and may obstruct air passages, the alimentary tract, or blood vessels. Lymph nodes of the head and neck may become visibly affected and sometimes rupture and drain. Involvement of the digestive tract is manifested by intermittent diarrhea and co ...
... advanced cases, lymph nodes are often greatly enlarged and may obstruct air passages, the alimentary tract, or blood vessels. Lymph nodes of the head and neck may become visibly affected and sometimes rupture and drain. Involvement of the digestive tract is manifested by intermittent diarrhea and co ...
Fasciolosis
Fasciolosis (also known as fascioliasis, fasciolasis, distomatosis and liver rot) is a parasitic worm infection caused by the common liver fluke Fasciola hepatica as well as by Fasciola gigantica. The disease is a plant-borne trematode zoonosis, and is classified as a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD). It affects humans, but its main host is ruminants such as cattle and sheep. The disease progresses through four distinct phases; an initial incubation phase of between a few days up to three months with little or no symptoms; an invasive or acute phase which may manifest with: fever, malaise, abdominal pain, gastrointestinal symptoms, urticaria, anemia, jaundice, and respiratory symptoms. The disease later progresses to a latent phase with less symptoms and ultimately into a chronic or obstructive phase months to years later. In the chronic state the disease causes inflammation of the bile ducts, gall bladder and may cause gall stones as well as fibrosis. While chronic inflammation is connected to increased cancer rates it is unclear whether fasciolosis is associated with increased cancer risk.Up to half of those infected display no symptoms, and diagnosis is difficult because eggs are often missed in fecal examination. The methods of detection are through fecal examination, parasite-specific antibody detection, radiological diagnosis as well as laparotomy. In case of a suspected outbreak it may be useful to keep track of dietary history, which is also useful for exclusion of differential diagnoses. Fecal examination is generally not helpful because eggs can seldom be detected in the chronic phase of the infection and detection of eggs. Eggs appear in the feces first between 9–11 weeks post-infection. The cause of this is unknown, and the it is also difficult to distinguish between the different species of fasciola as well distinguishing them from Echinostomes and Fasciolopsis. Most immunodiagnostic tests detect infection with very high sensitivity and as concentration drops after treatment it is a very good diagnostic method. Clinically it is not possible to differentiate from other liver and bile diseases. Radiological methods can detect lesions in both acute and chronic infection, while laparotomy will detect lesions and also occasionally eggs and live worms.Because of the size of the parasite (adult F. hepatica: 20–30 × 13 mm, adult F. gigantica: 25–75×12 mm) fasciolosis is a big concern. The amount of symptoms depend on how many worms and what stage the infection is in. The death rate is significant in both sheep and cattle, but generally low among humans. Treatment with triclabendazole is highly effective against the adult worms as well as various developing stages. Praziquantel is not effective, and older drugs such as bithionol are moderately effective but also cause more side effects. Secondary bacterial infection causing cholangitis is also a concern and can be treated with antibiotics, and toxaemia may be treated with prednisolone.Humans are infected by eating watergrown plants, primarily wild grown watercress in Europe and morning glory in Asia. Infection may also occur by drinking contaminated water with floating young fasciola or when using utensils washed with contaminated water. Cultivated plants do not spread the disease in the same capacity. Human infection is rare even if the infection rate is high among animals. Especially high rates of human infection have been found in Bolivia, Peru and Egypt, and this may be due to consumption of certain foods. No vaccine is available to protect people against Fasciola infection. Preventative measures are primarily treating and immunization the livestock – which are required for the live cycle of the worms. Veterinary vaccines are in development and their use is being considered by a number of countries on account of the risk to human health and economic losses resulting from livestock infection. Other methods include using molluscicides to decrease the amount of snails that act as vectors, but it is not practical. Educational methods to decrease consumption of wild watercress and other waterplants has been shown to work in areas with a high disease burden. In some areas of the world where fascioliasis is found (endemic), special control programs are in place or are planned. The types of control measures depend on the setting (such as epidemiologic, ecologic, and cultural factors). Strict control of the growth and sale of watercress and other edible water plants is important.Individual people can protect themselves by not eating raw watercress and other water plants, especially from endemic grazing areas. Travelers to areas with poor sanitation should avoid food and water that might be contaminated (tainted). Vegetables grown in fields that might have been irrigated with polluted water should be thoroughly cooked, as should viscera from potentially infected animals. Fascioliasis occurs in Europe, Africa, the Americas as well as Oceania. Recently, worldwide losses in animal productivity due to fasciolosis were conservatively estimated at over US$3.2 billion per annum. Fasciolosis is now recognized as an emerging human disease: the World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that 2.4 million people are infected with Fasciola, and a further 180 million are at risk of infection.