Download The Universe presentation

The Universe
1
Content

Introduction to Universe

What is a Galaxy?

How are stars formed?

Overview of Constellation

Do you know how many planets are
in the solar system?

What does the universe have to do
with our Hindu religion?
2
Where Are We In?
Universe
Galaxies
Stars / Constellations
Solar System
Planets
3
Galaxies - Are We Spiral or Irregular?

A galaxy is a huge family of (billions of) stars, dust and gas that is
held together by gravity.

There are 40 to 50 billion galaxies.

We are in the Milky Way galaxy and it is a spiral shaped galaxy.
There are three different ways a galaxy could be shaped and they
are:
Irregular shaped –
they are very rare
Spiral shaped – 2nd
most common type
Circular shaped –
most common type
4
What Are Stars?
• Stars are hot and bright balls of dust.
• Stars vary from very bright to very faint
ones.
• Famous star is POLARIS, the Pole star or
the North Star (Dhruva).
• Sun is a STAR
5
A Star’s Life Cycle
1. Stars (Nakshatras) have a
life cycle just like we
humans. First it starts out
as a nebula (a ball of dust)
and grows.
2. Overtime, the star
becomes a red giant or
super giant. That’s when
most of its heat has gone,
but is very huge and bright.
6
A Star’s Life Cycle (cont.)
A low mass star, such as
our sun, would become a
nebula, red giant, Planetary
Nebula and then:


Will become a white dwarf
Will become a black dwarf
(dead star)
---Interactive---
A high mass star would
become a nebula, red
giant and then:
•Will become a
supernova, a star that is
very bright
•From there, it would
become a neutron star
(dead star)
•or a black hole (dead
star), based on the
amount of mass a star
contains.
7
Constellation
A constellation is a group of stars.
We can identify it by drawing an imaginary line between stars.
The line forms a picture of human,
animals, and or inanimate objects
(like a handle and a bowl in The Big
Dipper – Sapta rishi mandal;
it is the part of Great Bear
Constellation ).
Astronomers officially recognize 88 constellations
out of which 12 form the zodiac signs.
8
Zodiac

You can imagine the sky as a large globe with stars
(Celestial Globe) surrounding the solar system.

The celestial globe is cut into 88 parts of constellation.
Sun and planets revolve in a plane
more or less.

If you extend the plane of the solar
system to the celestial globe it cuts
12 constellations which we call the
constellations of the zodiac.

9
Zodiac Constellations From Earth
People born in
mid-Dec. thru midJan., belong to the
zodiac
constellation of
Sagittarius.
We can see this
zodiac signArcher on a clear
night sky.
10
Twelve Zodiac signs (Rasis)
Constellation
Sign
Rasi
Aries
Taurus
Gemini
Cancer
Leo
Virgo
Libra
Scorpio
Sagittarius
Capricorn
Aquarius
Pisces
Ram
Bull
Twins
Crab
Lion
Virgin
Scales
Scorpion
Archer
Sea Goat
Water Carrier
Fishes
Mesha
Vrishabha
Mithuna
Karkataka
Simha
Kanya
Tula
Vrischika
Dhanus
Makara
Kumbha
Meena
11
Position of all the planets, sun and moon on day after
tomorrow at 12:04 p.m. in the sky will be like this…
For e.g.,
the planet
Mercury is
in the
constellation
Sagittarius, the
Archer i.e.
Budha in Danus
rasi (in
Sanskrit).
12
RASI CHART showing the position of Budha on 12/23/08-12:04 p.m.
The person being born at that time will have Budha in Dhanus rasi.
•
The chart can be
found in panchang,
the Hindu calendar.
•
It is used to create
one’s birth chart
called as horoscope
(Jadagam).
•
Zodiac constellations
and their positions in
relation to other
planets, sun and
moon are said to
influence our life and
personalities.
•
The study of which is
called astrology Jyotisya.
MEENA
MESHA
VRISHA
BA
KUMBHA
MIDUNA
KATAKA
RASI CHART
MAKARA
DHANUS VRISCHI
Budha on KA
12/23/08
SIMHA
TULA
KANYA
13
RASI CHART of a real person
•
•
Planet Sukra is on
the Meena
Constellation
This person will
finish whatever
he/she starts
successfully
MEENA
MESHA
Sukra
Surya
Budha
Kuja
VRISHA
BA
MIDUNA
Guru
Rahu
KUMBHA
KATAKA
Sani
RASI CHART
MAKARA
SIMHA
DHANUS VRISCHI
KA
Ketu
TULA
KANYA
Chandra
14
The Planets or Grahas
o There are 8 planets in the solar system.
o Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are the inner planets.
o Then there is an asteroid belt, full of asteroids between Mars and Jupiter.
o Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are the outer planets.
o I bet you’re wondering, “where’s Pluto?” Scientists have made the
15
decision that Pluto should not be a planet, but a dwarf planet.
Mercury – Lord Budha
 Mercury is the smallest planet in our solar system and is the closest
planet to the sun.
 You can see Mercury from Earth without a telescope in the early
evenings or early mornings.
 One day on Mercury is equal to two months on Earth! Imagine
having one last so long!
16
Venus – Lord Sukra

Other than the moon, Venus is the
brightest thing in the night sky.

The second planet from the sun and is
the hottest planet in the solar system.

Venus is named after the goddess of love
and beauty, but really isn’t so pretty.
17
Mother Earth

Third planet from the sun.

The only planet that we know of, has life because of the distance from
the sun.

70% of its surface is covered with water.

Largest of the inner planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars).

Has an atmosphere which helps to keep the temperature stay steady.

Has one natural satellite, which is the moon.
18
Mars – Lord Mangal or Kuja

Fourth planet from the sun.

Scientists think that Mars was once like Earth with a thick
atmosphere, rivers and oceans.

Once, Mars could have contained aliens because of evidence that
shows that there was once water canals built by aliens.
19
Jupiter - Lord Guru



Biggest planet in the solar
system
5th planet from the sun
All outer planets, Jupiter,
Saturn, Uranus and Neptune
have rings and are made from
gas
Saturn - Lord Sani
•
Saturn is the second biggest
planet in the solar system
•
6th planet from the sun
•
Has very clear and a great
amount of rings
•
Has 31 moons
20
Uranus





3rd biggest planet
7th planet from the sun
Made of ice and gas
Methane gives its blue color
Has 22 known moons
Neptune




8th planet from the sun
Made of gas and ice
Methane causes the blue color
Has very strong winds
21
Dwarf Planets


Pluto is a dwarf planet because it does not follow all the rules to be a
planet.
Scientists are discovering other planets and dwarf planets beyond
Pluto.
22
References in our Puranas …

Soma or Chandra (Moon) came out of the ocean of milk when churned by devas and asuras and was
adorned by Shiva on his hair.

Guru or Brihaspati (Jupiter) is the guru of devas (gods) led by Indra.

Sukra (Venus) was the guru of asuras (demons).

Budha (Mercury) is the son of Soma.

Mangal or Kuja (Mars) is the son of Goddess Earth.

Surya, the sun god, is the son of Sage Kashyap and Aditi.

Sani (Saturn) is the son of Surya and Chaaya (Sun and Shade) and the elder brother of Yama (Dharma, god
of death).
23
The Hindu Trinity
LORD BRAHMA the Creator of the
Universe
LORD VISHNU the Protector of
the Universe
LORD SHIVA - the
Destroyer of the Universe
after billions of years by
deluge (Pralaya)
24
Bibliography
Find the Constellations by H.A.Rey
Exploring the night sky by Terence Dickinson
http://www4.nau.edu/meteorite/
www.astrosurf.com/astropc
www.redorbit.com
www.en.wikipedia.org
Srimad Bhagavatam by Kamala Subramaniam
http://library.thinkquest.org/J001794/
http://galileoandeinstein.physics.virginia.edu/more_stuff/flash
lets/outerplanets.htm
Thanks to Dr.T.K.Prasad
25