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Name ________________________________ Study Guide for Ancient Egypt Test (Chapters 7-12) Locate and determine the main idea of each textbook chapter in the Egyptian Unit. Ch. 7:Geography of Egypt Ch. 10: Kingdom of Kush Ch. 8: The Pharaohs of Egypt Ch. 11: Origins of the Kingdom of Israel Ch. 9: Social Classes and Daily Life Ch. 12: Preserving Judaism Egyptian Culture Importance of the Nile Egyptian Religion The Nile and its flooding helped the Egyptians grow crops. The Egyptian lives and civilization revolved around the River. They created the Shaduf and Nilometer Ra, Horus, Osiris, Isis, and Thoth to name a few. The gods and goddesses were part of the culture. People believed the gods looked after them. In the Afterlife, people could live forever. Pyramids in Egypt Mummification Large monuments and tombs built during and before the Old Kingdom Period of Egypt. This showed the power and might of the Pharaoh. These tombs were filled with resources for the after life. It was important for Egyptian bodies to be preserved to “live on forever”. The Egyptian dried out the body with Natron, and removed the organs to store in Canopic Jars. The Mummies were wrapped and priests would oversee the process. Pharaoh Government Officials Priests Scribes Artisans Peasants Egyptian Social Structure Means great house Rule and view of as a a god Wealthy leaders and advisors in society Viziers, treasurers, and Responsible for religious ceremonies Followed many rules Went to school for 12 years Responsible for writing and recording information Craftsmen, made things with hands Highly skilled but not often praised for work 3 major seasons: flooding, planting, harvesting farming and hard labor for building monuments Identify the following people and their contributions to their empire/culture. King Narmer Powerful/strong leader Unified upper and lower Egypt Built the Great Pyramid Pharaoh Khufu Mixed reactions between subjects: Viewed as Harsh and Kind Pharaoh Hatshepsut First female Pharaoh Increased trade and women rights in religion Pharaoh Senusret I Supported art and architecture; created the White Chapel Worshipped as a god by his people Changed culture to worship a single god, Aten (Aton) Sun God Pharaoh Akhenaten Many Egyptians were upset with this religion Date and Briefly describe the following Egyptian Time Periods. Pharaoh Hatshepsut, Ramses II, & Akhenaten Pharaoh Khufu A time of Powerful Pharaohs. 1. Life centered around the Nile River The most powerful time in Egyptian History; great military might. Middle Kingdom Old Kingdom New Kingdom Pharaoh Senusret I A time when artisan and art was encouraged. The Pharaoh was a guiding ruler. Overview – Fill-in the chart below with key information Kingdom Of Kush Kingdom of Israel Date Range Location Settled – 4000 B.C.E. The headwaters of the Nile (South of Egypt) – Modern Day Sudan Civilization flourishes 1700 B.C.E. – 350 C.E. Hebrew People Group formed About 2,000 B.C.E. About 1,000 B.C.E. – 605 B.C.E. Canaan (Modern Day Palestine) Remembered for… Unique culture and resources. A large wealthy trading kingdom. QueenMothers ruled the kingdom. Relationship to Egypt Ruled by Egypt During the New Kingdom Period. Kush ruled Egypt for 100 years. Traded frequently According to the Torah, The The Faith of Hebrew Judaism – people lived monotheism, and worked as equality, social laborers/slave justice, etc. s during The New Kingdom Important Ruler(s) King Piye – Conquered Egypt Queen Aminerneas – kept Kush free from Rome Abraham – “Father of the Hebrews” Moses – led the Hebrew people out of Egypt David – Made the political and religious capital Jerusalem Solomon – known for wisdom and build a Temple Religion – compare/contrast using the venn diagram below Polytheism Monotheism Belief in multiple gods Gods have limited power over nature An older form of religion Examples: Hindu Belief in one god Still around today Belief in god Many different forms One God has more power More modern form of written religion Example: Judaism