Download Study Sheet: Italian Mannerism

Study Sheet: Italian Mannerism
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Study Sheet: Italian Mannerism
4.1.2 Study: Italian Mannerism
Art Appreciation (S1685685)
Study Sheet
Name: ____________________
Date: ____________
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Study Sheet: Italian Mannerism
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Use the space below to make any sketches, drawings, or additional notes to help you remember what you
have learned.
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Study Sheet: Italian Mannerism
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Print as many of these key term note cards out as you need for the study. Leave them whole on the sheet or
cut them out to make flash cards. Take extra notes and draw pictures to help you remember each term.
You will be tested on key terms in quizzes and tests.
Mannerism
3 of 4
An art movement characterized by distortion, daring color, unbalanced compositions,
and emotional expression. It was developed between 1520 and 1600 in reaction to
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Study Sheet: Italian Mannerism
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the serenity of the Renaissance.
Jacopo da
Pontormo
(1494 - 1557) An Italian painter and a leader of the Mannerist movement who painted
portraits and religious subject matter.
Major work: The Descent from the Cross, ca. 1525.
Parmigianino
(1503 - 1540) An Italian Mannerist painter.
Major works: Self-Portrait in a Convex Mirror, ca. 1523; Madonna with the Long
Neck, ca. 1535.
distortion
An artistic technique used to create exaggerated or unrealistic perspectives or
positions.
Jacopo
Tintoretto
(1519 - 1594) A Mannerist painter from Venice particularly influenced by Venetian
color and drama.
Major work: Last Supper, 1594.
El Greco
(1541 - 1614) A Greek painter known for his dramatic paintings and elongated figures;
he spent most of his active career in Renaissance Spain.
Major works: The View of Toledo, ca. 1604; The Vision of Saint John, 1608 - 1614.
The Vision of
Saint John
A painting by the Mannerist El Greco completed between 1608 and 1614 that tells a
story from the New Testament book of Revelation. The distorted and abstract nature
of both the figures and the background is characteristic of the artist's innovative and
unique style.
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Study Sheet: Baroque in the 17th Century
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Study Sheet: Baroque in the 17th Century
4.1.3 Study: Baroque in the 17th Century
Art Appreciation (S1685685)
Study Sheet
Name: ____________________
Date: ____________
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Study Sheet: Baroque in the 17th Century
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Use the space below to make any sketches, drawings, or additional notes to help you remember what you
have learned.
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Study Sheet: Baroque in the 17th Century
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Print as many of these key term note cards out as you need for the study. Leave them whole on the sheet or
cut them out to make flash cards. Take extra notes and draw pictures to help you remember each term.
You will be tested on key terms in quizzes and tests.
Baroque
3 of 5
A period lasting from roughly 1550 to 1750 in which rich artwork was produced for
both Catholics and Protestants. The Catholic Baroque is characterized by drama
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Study Sheet: Baroque in the 17th Century
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and dynamic compositions, while the Protestant Baroque is known for lush everyday
scenes, portraits, and still lifes.
Bolognese art
academy
A school for artists founded in 1582 by painter Annibale Carracci and members of
his family. It was the first institution geared to educate artists about Classical
principles, styles, and philosophies.
Annibale Carracci
(1560 - 1609) An Italian painter who pioneered the Baroque concept of the heroic
landscape. He and other members of the Carracci family started the Bolognese art
academy.
Major work: The Flight into Egypt, 1603 - 1604.
heroic landscape
A Baroque style of ideal landscape painting that reflected the universal truths of
balance and harmony of nature by creating vast and beautiful scenes, usually taken
from biblical or mythological stories. This style is exemplified by the works of
Poussin and Lorrain.
The Flight into
Egypt
A circa 1603 painting by Annibale Carracci that depicts Joseph and Mary's journey
from Jerusalem into Egypt. It is an early example of the heroic Baroque landscape.
Instead of a desert, it places the figures in a serene and lush setting typical of Greek
and Roman art.
Michelangelo
Merisi da
Caravaggio
(1573 - 1610) An Italian painter best known for his use of light to create realistic
paintings, mostly of religious subjects. He is credited with inventing the tenebroso or
"dark manner" technique.
Major work: The Calling of Saint Matthew, ca. 1599.
tenebroso
From the Italian for "dark and gloomy," the term describes paintings created with
intense chiaroscuro to highlight extremes of light and dark within a single area;
Caravaggio is generally credited with its invention. Also called dark manner.
The Calling of
Saint Matthew
A circa 1599 painting by Caravaggio that exemplifies the artist's use of tenebroso, in
this case to add drama to the biblical scene. It depicts Saint Matthew learning of his
destiny from Jesus Christ.
Artemisia
Gentileschi
(1593 - ca. 1651) An Italian painter considered to be a "Caravaggista" (a close
follower of Caravaggio). The first woman admitted to the Academy of the Arts of
Drawing, she was respected and protected by the Medici family.
Major works: Judith Beheading Holofernes, first version, 1612; second and larger
version, 1614.
Diego Velázquez
(1599 - 1660) A Spanish Baroque painter who spent most of his career as King
Phillip IV's official royal court painter. He is best known for painting portraits and
scenes from history and mythology.
Major work: Las Meninas, 1656.
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Las Meninas
Spanish for "The Maids of Honor," this Diego Velázquez masterpiece (1656 ) depicts
Velázquez himself painting the king and queen of Spain as their daughter,
Margarita, bursts in with her attendants. All the figures interact with one another and
with the viewer in such interesting ways that this piece is still discussed and debated
today.
Peter Paul
Rubens
(1577 - 1640) A Flemish painter and accomplished businessman, linguist, and
diplomat. Known for landscapes and portraits, Rubens displayed a knowledge of
Classical form and technique in his paintings. He often painted scenes that reflected
his distaste for war and his desire for peace.
Major works: The Fall of Phaeton,, ca. 1605; Marie de' Medici cycle, 1621 - 1625;
Allegory on the Blessings of Peace, 1629 - 1630.
Rubenesque
A term named after the style of Peter Paul Rubens to describe a voluptuous or
curvy female figure.
Allegory on the
Blessings of
Peace
A circa 1629 painting by Peter Paul Rubens that displays a stark contrast between a
foreground depicting peace, prosperity, and happiness and a background showing
war and suffering.
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Study Sheet: Poussin and the Return to the Renaissance
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Study Sheet: Poussin and the Return to the Renaissance
4.2.1 Study: Poussin and the Return to the
Renaissance
Art Appreciation (S1685685)
Study Sheet
Name: ____________________
Date: ____________
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Study Sheet: Poussin and the Return to the Renaissance
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Use the space below to make any sketches, drawings, or additional notes to help you remember what you
have learned.
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Study Sheet: Poussin and the Return to the Renaissance
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Study Sheet: Poussin and the Return to the Renaissance
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Print as many of these key term note cards out as you need for the study. Leave them whole on the sheet or
cut them out to make flash cards. Take extra notes and draw pictures to help you remember each term.
You will be tested on key terms in quizzes and tests.
Nicolas
Poussin
(1594 - 1665) A French Classical painter, active in Italy, who believed that heroic
narratives were worth painting; he created the Grand Manner style.
Major works: The Rape of the Sabine Women, 1633; Et in Arcadia Ego, ca. 1655.
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Grand
Manner
A 17th- and 18th-century style, championed by Nicolas Poussin and based on Classical
art, that incorporated the science and naturalism of the Renaissance with metaphorical
subject matter. Also called great style.
The Rape of
the Sabine
Women
A circa 1633 painting by Nicolas Poussin that depicts a scene in which the Romans
capture Sabine women to take them as their wives. This classical story is both
physically and emotionally dramatic, and the painting is a good example of Poussin's
use of heroic subject matter and the Grand Manner of painting.
Claude
Lorrain
(1604 - 1682) A French Baroque painter who lived and worked in Italy. He is famous for
painting heroic landscapes and seascapes and for experimenting with light.
Major works: Embarkation of St. Paula Romana at Ostia, ca. 1639; Aeneas at Delos,
1672; The Book of Truth, collected sketches of each of his works considered a work of
art unto itself.
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Study Sheet: Holland Turns to Art
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Study Sheet: Holland Turns to Art
4.2.2 Study: Holland Turns to Art
Art Appreciation (S1685685)
Study Sheet
Name: ____________________
Date: ____________
1 of 4
10/15/12 3:20 PM
Study Sheet: Holland Turns to Art
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Use the space below to make any sketches, drawings, or additional notes to help you remember what you
have learned.
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Study Sheet: Holland Turns to Art
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Print as many of these key term note cards out as you need for the study. Leave them whole on the sheet or
cut them out to make flash cards. Take extra notes and draw pictures to help you remember each term.
You will be tested on key terms in quizzes and tests.
Rembrandt van Rijn
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(1606 - 1669) An artist considered to be the best Dutch painter of his time. He
is known for dark, emotionally charged paintings and subtle, detailed portraits.
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Major works: Anatomy Lesson of Dr Tulp, 1632; The Blinding of Samson, ca.
1636; The Sampling Officials of the Draper's Guild, 1662.
The Sampling Officials
of the Drapers' Guild
A circa 1662 group portrait by Rembrandt that is a prime example of his use of
delicate light and subtle details. Rembrandt's portrayal of the individual traits of
each person heightens the relationships among the figures.
genre art
A style of artwork in which everyday scenes are depicted, often with great
detail and subtle symbolism. It was first popular in 17th-century Holland.
Johannes Vermeer
(1632 - 1675) A Dutch painter best known for his ability to create genre scenes
with realistic light and detail through his use of underpainting and glazing. Also
known as Jan Vermeer.
Major works: The Girl with the Pearl Earring, 1655; The Milkmaid, ca. 1657.
The Milkmaid
A circa 1657 genre painting by Jan Vermeer that depicts a housemaid pouring
milk. The activity represents a model of domestic virtue, painted here using
realistic human form and idealized light.
glazing
A technique in which paints are thinned and applied in many layers to a
previously painted surface, resulting in the appearance of reflected light.
underpainting
A painting used as a base for glazing or further painting.
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Study Sheet: Academia and the Birth of Rococo
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Study Sheet: Academia and the Birth of Rococo
4.3.1 Study: Academia and the Birth of Rococo
Art Appreciation (S1685685)
Study Sheet
Name: ____________________
Date: ____________
Use the space below to make any sketches, drawings, or additional notes to help you remember what you
1 of 4
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Study Sheet: Academia and the Birth of Rococo
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have learned.
2 of 4
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Study Sheet: Academia and the Birth of Rococo
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Print as many of these key term note cards out as you need for the study. Leave them whole on the sheet or
cut them out to make flash cards. Take extra notes and draw pictures to help you remember each term.
You will be tested on key terms in quizzes and tests.
French Royal
Academy
3 of 4
An art school founded in 1648. Its views were based on the theory and work of Nicolas
Poussin, with a focus on Classical art and philosophy. It developed a ranking system
for artists past and present.
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Study Sheet: Academia and the Birth of Rococo
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Rococo
An art movement of the 18th century characterized by delicate colors, curved
asymmetrical lines, and carefree content.
Jean-Antoine
Watteau
(1684 - 1721) A French painter and draftsman who pioneered the Rococo style. He is
best known for painting charming theatrical scenes.
Major work: The Embarkation for Cythera, 1717.
The Embarkation
for Cythera
A 1717 masterpiece by Watteau. It is a theatrical and frivolous portrayal of the
paradise of Venus, the Roman goddess of love. Typical of the Rococo style, it is
considered to mark the beginning of the Rococo period.
Élisabeth-Louise
Vigée-Le Brun
(1755 - 1842) A French Rococo artist who became popular by painting portraits of
royalty and aristocrats; especially known for her many portraits of French queen Marie
Antoinette.
Major works: Peace Bringing Back Prosperity, 1780; Marie Antoinette in Muslin,
1786; Lady Hamilton as the Persian Sybil, ca. 1792.
French Revolution
A period of political change and revolution in France (1789 - 1799) when the common
man rose up against the aristocracy. It ended in the Reign of Terror, during which close
to 40,000 people were killed.
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Study Sheet: Morality and the Great Style of England
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Study Sheet: Morality and the Great Style of England
4.3.2 Study: Morality and the Great Style of England
Art Appreciation (S1685685)
Study Sheet
Name: ____________________
Date: ____________
Use the space below to make any sketches, drawings, or additional notes to help you remember what you
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Study Sheet: Morality and the Great Style of England
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have learned.
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Study Sheet: Morality and the Great Style of England
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Print as many of these key term note cards out as you need for the study. Leave them whole on the sheet or
cut them out to make flash cards. Take extra notes and draw pictures to help you remember each term.
You will be tested on key terms in quizzes and tests.
Jean-BaptisteSiméon Chardin
3 of 4
(1699 - 1779) A French painter and draftsman who rejected the fantastical and
whimsical tendencies of his Rococo contemporaries. Praised by Denis Diderot, the first
modern art critic, he is best known for his still lifes and for painting in pastels. He was
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an extremely active member of the French Royal Academy.
Major works: The Ray, 1728; The Return from Market, 1738; Girl with Racket and
Shuttlecock, ca. 1740.
The Ray
A 1728 kitchen scene painted by Chardin that earned him entrance to the French Royal
Academy. Meant to portray the simplicity of everyday life, it is grounded and modest in
contrast to the fantastical and lavish Rococo paintings common at the time.
England's Royal
Academy of Art
England's first official school of art since the Middle Ages, founded in 1768. It focused
on history painting and was based on Classical and Renaissance values.
Sir Joshua
Reynolds
(1723 - 1792) An English painter and writer who worked in the Grand Manner, painting
noble, heroic subjects in perfect proportion. It is estimated that he created 3,000
paintings, mostly portraits. He was a founding member and president of the Royal
Academy of Arts.
Major works: Lord Burghersh, 1764; Colonel Acland and Lord Sydney: The Archers,
1769.
Sir Thomas
Gainsborough
(1727 - 1788) An English landscape and portrait painter who relied on his observation
of nature rather than formal techniques. He was a founding member of the Royal
Academy of Arts.
Major works: Mr. and Mrs. Andrews, ca. 1750; Mrs. Sarah Siddons, ca. 1784.
William Hogarth
(1697 - 1764) English painter, illustrator, and satirist famous for his many print series
and for creating the morality play genre.
Major works: A Rake's Progress, 1732 - 1734; Marriage à la Mode, ca. 1743.
morality play
A genre created in the 1730s by William Hogarth, in which a series of prints depicts
subjects such as a cast of actors in a play. Each series contains repeated symbols or
images that unify the story and send a moral message to viewers.
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Review: Baroque and Rococo
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Review: Baroque and Rococo
Review
4.4.1 Review: Baroque and Rococo Review
Name: ____________________
Art Appreciation (S1685685)
Date: ____________
Use your notes from the studies to begin your review. Check the questions and answers from the study sheets
you got on the first page of each study.
Also, review the key terms for each lesson. They're found on each lesson overview page. Make sure you know
what each key term means before you take the test.
The following checklist will help you figure out if you're ready to take the test. If you check "No" for any
question, go back to the lesson and activity where the information appears and review that information.
Question
Yes
No
Location
The Early Baroque
Period
1 of 3
Can you define Mannerism and list its defining features?
Italian Mannerism
Do you know who Jacopo da Pontormo and Jacopo Tintoretto are
and what contributions each made to Italian Mannerism?
Italian Mannerism
Can you explain what distortion is and how it was used by
Parmigianino?
Italian Mannerism
Do you know what made El Greco's works such as The Vision of
Saint John examples of Mannerism taken to extreme levels?
Italian Mannerism
Can you list and explain the main characteristics of the Baroque?
Baroque in the 17th
Century
Do you understand why Baroque art helped advance the message
of the Catholic Church during the Counter-Reformation?
Baroque in the 17th
Century
Do you know who Annibale Carracci is and what the focus of the
Bolognese Art Academy was?
Baroque in the 17th
Century
Do you know who Caravaggio and Gentileschi are, and can you
explain their use of tenebroso?
Baroque in the 17th
Century
Can you explain the characteristics and importance of Las
Meninas by Velázquez?
Baroque in the 17th
Century
Do you know who Peter Paul Rubens is and can you explain the
main characteristics of his work, especially his Rubenesque
Baroque in the 17th
Century
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figures and political messages?
The Late Baroque
Period
Do you know who Nicolas Poussin is and how his values as an
artist led to the development of the Grand Manner of painting?
Poussin and the Return
to the Renaissance
Can you discuss The Rape of the Sabine Women and what makes
it a perfect example of the Grand Manner?
Poussin and the Return
to the Renaissance
Do you know what the characteristics of a heroic landscape are?
Poussin and the Return
to the Renaissance
Do you know who Claude Lorrain is and what his major
contributions to the Baroque were, especially as a landscape
painter?
Poussin and the Return
to the Renaissance
Do you know who Rembrandt is and what characterized his
paintings and engravings?
Holland Turns to Art
Can you explain Rembrandt's approach to portraits, including
group and self-portraits, and can you describe how his portraits
changed over the years?
Holland Turns to Art
Do you understand the effects of the Protestant Church on
Baroque portraits, genre art, and still lifes, especially in Holland?
Holland Turns to Art
Can you explain how glazing and underpainting affected the works
of Johannes Vermeer?
Holland Turns to Art
Art in 18th-Century
Europe
2 of 3
Can you define the French Royal Academy and its artistic
influences and values?
Academia and the Birth
of Rococo
Can you explain how the split of the French Royal Academy into
Poussinistes and Rubenistes resulted in the Rococo style?
Academia and the Birth
of Rococo
Can you list the major characteristics of the Rococo style as
pioneered by Jean-Antoine Watteau?
Academia and the Birth
of Rococo
Do you know who Vigée-Le Brun is and what her major
contributions to Rococo art were?
Academia and the Birth
of Rococo
Can you explain why the French Revolution ended the Rococo
period?
Academia and the Birth
of Rococo
Do you know who Chardin is and why his focus on everyday
objects (as seen in The Ray) made him so popular?
Morality and the "Great
Style" of England
Can you explain why virtue was such an important quality in art by
the middle of the 18th century?
Morality and the "Great
Style" of England
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Review: Baroque and Rococo
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Can you define England's Royal Academy of Art and its artistic
influences and values?
Morality and the "Great
Style" of England
Do you know who Sir Joshua Reynolds is and what his major
contributions to England's Royal Academy of Art were?
Morality and the "Great
Style" of England
Do you know who Sir Thomas Gainsborough is and why he and
Reynolds would often paint the same subject?
Morality and the "Great
Style" of England
Do you know who William Hogarth is and what characterized him
as an artist?
Morality and the "Great
Style" of England
Can you define what a morality play is and how it uses satire to
send a message to viewers?
Morality and the "Great
Style" of England
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