Download Rocks and Minerals - Mr. Frost`s World

Rocks and Minerals
What is a rock?
• A rock is made up of
2 or more minerals.
• All rocks are made of
minerals.
• There are 3 types of
rocks:
– Sedimentary
– Metamorphic
– Igneous
What is a mineral?
• The same all the way
through.
3 Types of Rocks
• Sedimentary
• Metamorphic
• Igneous
Sedimentary
– Made up of layers of
material called sediment.
(Like pages of a book)
– Result of pressure.
– Usually formed at the
bottom of streams, rivers,
lakes and ponds.
– Examples are sandstone
and shale.
Metamorphic
• These are rocks that
have changed in
some way due to
movement in the
earth.
• Happens through
heat and pressure.
• “morph” means
change.
Marble-changed limestone
Igneous
• Made from fire and
heat.
• Made from cooled
magma or lava from
volcanoes.
Rock Cycle
• Each type of rock
changes over time
and becomes a new
rock through erosion,
earth movement and
extreme heat.
Erosion
• When rocks are broken apart into smaller
pieces due to weathering.(water, wind,
temperature)
Fossils
• The remains of ancient
animals and plants.
• Has to be at least 10,000
years old.
• Most common fossils are
bone, teeth, claws and
footprints.
• 4 types:
– Mold, cast, trace, true form
Properties and Characteristics
• Rocks and minerals can be classified based on
different properties.
• Examples of these properties are:
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Color
Luster- How shiny is it?
Texture- How does it feel?
Size
Weight
Hardness
Cleavage- How does it break apart?
Fluorescent Minerals
FluorescenceProperty of producing
light.
How are rocks and minerals used?
• Rocks and minerals
are used in a variety
of ways.
• Examples include:
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Building materials
Machines
Food
Decorations
Jewelry