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• To develop your understanding of long-term and short-term effects of exercise on the muscular system In your pairs, draw two columns, like below List as many effects of exercise on the Muscular System as possible Short Term Effects Long Term Effects of Exercise of Exercise Increased energy demands Lactic acid build up Muscle fatigue These are all body responses Also an immediate effect of exercise Two types: Isometric Muscle Contractions Isotonic Muscle Contractions No muscle movement Muscle neither contracts or relaxes This type of muscle contraction is used for static strength Think of examples of when this could be used Rugby scrum Handstand in gymnastics Muscles work in pairs to contract and relax to cause movement Used for explosive and dynamic actions This muscle contraction is normally used to produce speed and power Think of examples when this muscle contraction is used Tennis serve Jumping for the ball in football There are four stations around the room Working in your fours, move to the station closest to you Try out the activity When you get there, find the following and write in your books: The name of the activity Is it an Isometric/Isotonic muscle contraction? Why? Which muscles are used? You have three minutes at each station! Isometric muscle contraction There is no movement in any muscle – they all stay the same length Main muscles involved: quadriceps, hamstrings Isotonic muscle contraction The muscles are working in antagonistic pairs to contract and relax the muscles to cause movement Main muscles involved: quadriceps, hamstrings, gluteals, gastrocnemius Isotonic muscle contraction The muscles are working in antagonistic pairs to contract and relax the muscles to cause movement Main muscles involved: gluteals, deltoid, lattisimus dorsi, pectorals Isometric muscle contraction There is no movement in any muscle – they all stay the same length Main muscles involved: biceps, triceps, quadriceps, hamstrings Increased muscular strength Muscle hypertrophy Muscle hypertrophy is the increase in the size of the muscle These are body adaptations What is the other effect of exercise on the muscular system? It is a negative effect of exercise Muscle strain Where the muscle fibre tears Overstretching Can’t participate in sport whilst injured Leads to muscle wastage This is called muscle atrophy R I C E