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Artificial Heart
10/11/2011
Ashton Pepple
Kyler Sanders
What is an Artificial
Heart?
• Artificial hearts are
typically used in order
to bridge the time to
heart transplantation,
or to permanently
replace the heart in
case transplantation is
impossible.
• It is a mechanical
device that replaces
the heart.
Orgin
• A synthetic replacement for the heart remains one
of the long-sought holy grails of modern medicine.
The obvious benefit of a functional artificial heart
would be to lower the need for heart transplants,
because the demand for organs always greatly
exceeds supply.
Robert Koffler Jarvik,
M.D.
• Jarvik was the man
credited with creating
the first sustainable
Artificial heart.
• His heart was a selfcontained, integrated
pneumatic unit with
surgical tunneling of
two 3 cm pneumatic
tubes.
• The Jarvik-7 had
several problems but
the biggest were that
the patient had to be
heavily medicated and
the unit itself was about
the size of a shopping
cart.
How does a heart work?
• The average adult
human heart pumps
blood at a rate of 60 to
100 beats per minute.
• In the first stage, the right
and left atria contract at
the same time, pumping
blood to the right and left
ventricles.
• In the second stage, the
ventricles contract
together to propel blood
out of the heart.
• The heart muscle then
relaxes before the next
heartbeat. This allows
blood to fill up the heart
again.
The AbioCor Artificial
Heart System
• Is a very sophisticated
medical device, but
the core mechanism of
the device is the
hydraulic pump that
shuttles hydraulic fluid
from side to side.
• Developed by
Abiomed
components of the
system:
• Porting valve
• This valve opens and
closes to let the hydraulic
fluid flow from one side of
the artificial heart to the
other. When the fluid
moves to the right, blood
gets pumped to the lungs
through an artificial
ventricle. When the fluid
moves to the left, blood
gets pumped to the rest
of the body.
• Hydraulic Pump
• Force that is applied at
one point is transmitted
to another point using
an incompressible fluid.
A gear inside the pump
spins at 10,000
revolutions per minute
(rpm) to create
pressure.
components of the
system:
• Wireless energy-transfer
system
• this system consists of two
coils, one internal and
one external, that
transmit power via
magnetic force from an
external battery across
the skin without piercing
the surface. The internal
coil receives the power
and sends it to the
internal battery and
controller device.
• Controller
• This small electronic
device is implanted in
the patient's
abdominal wall. It
monitors and controls
the pumping speed of
the heart.
components of the
system:
• Internal battery
• A rechargeable
battery is implanted
inside the patient's
abdomen. This gives a
patient 30 to 40
minutes to perform
certain activities, such
as showering, while
disconnected from the
main battery pack.
• External battery
• This battery is worn on a
Velcro-belt pack
around the patient's
waist. Each
rechargeable battery
offers about four to five
hours of power.
The AbioCor heart
• The entire system
weighs about 2
pounds, which is
composed of titanium
and plastic.
• The surgery takes about
7 hours on average to
complete.
• connects to four
locations:
• Right atrium
• Left atrium
• Aorta
• Pulmonary artery
Summary
• The obvious benefit of a functional artificial heart
would be to lower the need for heart transplants,
because the demand for organs always greatly
exceeds supply.
• So this means it is very important for someone to
keep improving Artificial hearts.
Sources
• http://www.google.com/imghp?hl=en&tab=ii
• http://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/every
day-innovations/artificial-heart1.htm
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_heart