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Download Restoration PPT - Westerville City Schools
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England 1660 King Charles II and his court returned to England from exile in France and attempted to adapt services of theatre to his needs. He authorized 2 dramatists, Thomas Killegrew and Sir William D’Avenant, to form 2 acting companies. Their audiences were courtiers and their servants as well as the middle class. Theatre Royal – remodeled now Thomas Killegrew Theatre Royal, Drury Lane This created a unique theatrical form: “Restoration Comedy” Focused on adventures of “people of quality” and reflected their manners, humor and interests. Verbal Wit was essential and was used to satirize this class and its morality. Often sexually explicit. Contained up-to-the-minute topical writing Women were cast in female roles. Nell Gwynn – considered first professional actress She was also the mistress of King Charles II. Nearly 25% of all plays produced in London included women in “breeches roles” (women wore tight-fitting knee length pants and played the role of a man). It gave them the freedom to behave like men. Sarah Bernhardt in a Breeches Role 1917 Acting Schools were established. Actors developed greater realism than before (although still not like modern realism). Thomas Betterton played every great male part from 1660 into the 1700s Banquet halls in palaces were redesigned to accommodate performances. Since most English Renaissance theatres were gone (like the Globe) new English theatres were more like the French and Italian theatres – they had proscenium stages with large aprons. Backdrops could be raised or lowered. Act Curtains were used for the first time in England. Stage floors had grooves for sliding “flats” or “shutters” back and forth for scenery. The floor was raked away from the audience for perspective. Lighting came from chandeliers of candles over the apron and footlights of candles along the front of the stage. (No more open roofs like The Globe). Aphra Behn (1640-1689) One of the first professional women writers She worked as a spy for the British Crown Produced 19 plays, some bawdy topics In spite of her literary success, she died in poverty Most famous play called: “Oroonoko” - 1688 William Wycherley (1640-1715) The Country Wife - 1675 William Congreve (1670-1729) The Way of the World - 1700 Oliver Goldsmith (1730-1774) She Stoops to Conquer – 1773 Richard Brinsley Sheridan (1751-1816) The Rivals – 1775 The School for Scandal - 1777 Goldsmith Wycherley Congreve The End ! Intro to Theatre Ms. Birtcher 2013-2014