Download The Greek Wars

The GrecoPersian War
Marathon and Thermopylae
Let’s Review
 1250
B.C. – ________ and Ancient Greece
fought a long war.
 c. 900 B.C. ________ begins conquering its
neighbors.
 c. 550 B.C. – ______________comes to
power
 500 B.C. _____________ began developing
in some Greek city-states.
From many to one
 Before
the Greco-Persian Wars city-states
of Greece were _______________and
never politically united.
 Invasion by the Persian Empire made the
Greeks set aside their differences and join
________
The Beginning of the War
 In
549 B.C. the Persians and the Greeks
started a string of battles that is known as
the ______________________
 Early in the war, the Persians succeeded
in taking over Greek settlements in Asia
Minor.
 These Greek settlements would live under
Persian rule for ____________
The Beginning of the War
 In
499 B.C., some colonists rebelled against the
Persian King, ______________
 Athens sent ships to help the Greek rebels, but
eventually they were defeated.
 To punish Athens for its part in the revolt,
_______________________________
The Beginning of the War
 Darius
sent messengers to Greece
demanding ________________________
 The Spartans threw the messengers in a
deep well.
 Why do you think they would do this?
The Battle of Marathon
 Marathon
was a town that was
___________________________
 In 490 B.C. the Persian army landed an
invasion force here.
 A small Athenian force, ______________
easily defeated the Persian force.
 Wanting news of the victory to reach
Athens quickly as possible, the Greeks
sent a messenger.
The battle of Marathon





This messenger’s name was ______________
According to legend, he set off immediately
for Athens.
When he reached the city, he cried out the
message “Rejoice, we are victorious!”
He then ________________________
The modern marathon, a race of about 26
miles, is named in memory of Phidippides’ run
from ____________________
The battle of Thermopylae
 The
Persians would not give up.
 In 480 B.C., Darius’ son __________set out
with a large army to conquer all of
Greece.
 Xerxes’ forces would meet ___________of
Sparta who commanded _______
Spartans and _______________ of other
Greeks.
 For three days Leonidas and his soldiers
held off a much larger Persian force.
The battle of Thermopylae
A
traitor named ____________ (Eff-ee-ALLtease) showed the Persians a path that
would allow them behind Greeks.
 The Persians were then able to kill every
last Spartan including _______________
 The Persians now had an open route to
Athens.
The Persians Burn Athens
 When
Xerxes’ forces reached Athens,
they found a city ___________________
_________________
 Terrified Athenians fled to _______________
____________________
 Here they watched the Persians burn the
city.
Map of Greece
The Island of Salamis
The Battle of Salamis




The Athenians lured the Persians into a narrow
channel between Athens and Salamis.
_____________– a length of water wider than a
strait, joining two larger areas of water.
Xerxes watched the whole battle from a
golden throne from the top of a nearby hill.
The Greeks were able to defeat the large
_____________and eliminate half of the Persian
invasion force.
The end of the war
 The
next year, 10,000 Spartans allied with
other Greeks faced off with the
____________________________
 The Greeks would defeat the Persians and
force the invaders out of Greece.
 This would make Plataea the LAST land
battle of the Greco-Persian War.
After the war
 After
the defeat of Persia, ______________________
 To protect themselves, both Athens and Sparta
made ______________ with other city-states.
 The __________________ formed an alliance with
many city-states of Asia Minor and the Aegean
islands.
 This alliance was called the_____________(DEE-leeun) __________,since it met on the island of Delos.
 Each city-state contributed ships, soldiers, and
money.
After the War
 Athens,
because it had the strongest fleet
and most wealth, soon came to
dominate the league.
 When a city-state tried to leave, the
Athenians would ______________________
 The Delian League had turned into the
__________________________
After the war
 Sparta
feared Athens' domination of the
Delian League.
 To protect itself against the might of
Athens and its allies, Sparta found its own
allies.
 It joined with other city-states in
Peloponnesus to form the
________________________________
Delian League