Download Science Study Cards Here is a list and copy of all the study cards we

Science Study Cards
Here is a list and copy of all the study cards we’ve made during the Energy Unit.
Make sure you have each one completed. You will need to turn in your
completed cards to earn 2 points on the test. They are due on the day of the test,
April 12th. You should know and be able to explain each of the key vocabulary
words identified on the cards.
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Types of Energy
Mechanical Energy
Electricity
Insulators and Conductors
Series and Parallel Circuits
Light Energy Card #1
Light Energy Card #2
Parts of a Magnet
Sound Energy
Types of Energy
Energy – The ability to do work and make things change
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Mechanical – Energy of motion *could be potential or kinetic
Thermal (Heat) – Heat energy
Radiant (Light) – Energy that travels in waves (light energy)
Sound – Energy produced by vibrations
Electrical – Energy of moving electrons from one place to another
Chemical – Breaking down of stored energy
Magnetism – a force that moves an object (pulls or pushes)
Mechanical Energy
Mechanical energy is the energy of motion.
It exists in one of two states: potential or kinetic.
Potential Energy – Stored energy that is not being used and is not in motion.
Kinetic Energy – Energy being used or in motion
Electricity
A form of energy that comes from electrons moving.
Static Electricity – the build up of electric charges on an object
Electric Current – the constant flow of electrons
Open Circuit – There is a gap in the pathway so the
electrons can NOT flow and the light bulb will not light
(Switch is off; Lights are off)
Closed Circuit – There is a complete pathway in the
wiring so the electrons can flow all the way through and the
light bulb will light
(Switch is on; Lights are on)
Conductors and Insulators
Conductors – Are objects that carry the electric current allowing it to flow easily
Insulators – Are objects that stop the electric current not allowing it to flow
Conductors
Metal spoon
Nickel
Penny
Paper clip
Insulators
Foam
Glass marble
Plastic spoon
Wood
Rubber eraser
Cardboard
Series Circuit
Parallel Circuit
The electrical devices are connected in
one loop. There is only one pathway for
the electricity to travel. Therefore, if
one device stops working, the other
devices will stop working as well.
The electrical devices are individually
wired and there are multiple pathways
for the electric current to flow
through. Therefore, if one device
stops working, the others will remain
working.
Light Card #1
Transparent – objects that allow all of the light to pass through
Examples: Clear Windows, Water, and Plastic Sandwich Bags
Translucent – objects that allow some light to pass through
Examples: Waxed Paper, Newspaper, and Lamp Shades
Opaque – objects that allow no light to pass through
Examples: Wood, Mirrors, and Concrete Walls
Light Card #2
Reflect – when light bounces off a smooth, shiny surface. Light colors
reflect light, which is why light colors are worn during the summer
months.
Example: light reflects off a shiny surface like a mirror
Absorb – when light does not bounce off of objects; instead it turns into thermal
energy (heat). Dark colors absorb light.
Example: a black shirt absorbs light on a hot summer day
Refract – the bending of light waves as they move from one material to another.
Example: Pencil placed in a clear glass of water appears to be broken
Parts of a Magnet
Poles – The areas of a magnet where the force of magnetism is the strongest. They
are titled the North and South poles.
 Opposite poles ATTRACT (pull together)
 Like poles REPEL (push away from each other)
Magnetic Field – This is the area around a magnet where the force of magnetism
can be felt. It is invisible, but you can sometimes see its effects.
Electromagnet - Using electricity to produce a magnet by wrapping a wire coil
around an iron bar.
Sound Energy
All sound is made by VIBRATIONS
Pitch: how high or low a sound is
Volume: how loud or soft a sound is
Makes High
Pitched Sounds
Makes Low
Pitched Sound
Fast Vibrations
Short Strings
Thin Skins/Strings
Tight Skins/Strings
Slow Vibrations
Long Strings
Thick Skins/Strings
Loose Skins/Strings