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Community Health Forum Presents Dental Health and You Proper dental care can prevent: Tooth decay Gum disease Bad breath 6 months Oral Anatomy Baby teeth Babies usually have no visible teeth when they are born Baby teeth First teeth begin to erupt at 6 months An additional pair are added each month – Total of 20 milk teeth Baby teeth Baby teeth begin to fall out around age 6 when your adult teeth start to come in Baby teeth are usually gone by age 12 Adult teeth Average adult has 32 teeth 16 on top and 16 on the bottom Adult teeth 4 incisors – for cutting food Adult teeth 2 canines – for tearing food Adult teeth 4 premolars – for crushing and grinding food Adult teeth 6 molars – for grinding food last pair of molars are the wisdom teeth Tooth Anatomy Teeth are composed of three principal regions – Crown: the exposed portion above the gums Tooth Anatomy Neck: point where the gums contact the tooth Root: portion below the gum line Tooth Anatomy Inside each tooth is composed of three layers Tooth Anatomy Enamel: hardest substance in the body (A) – To protect the tooth when you chew Tooth Anatomy Dentin: calcified connective tissue that is harder than bone (B) Tooth Anatomy Pulp Cavity:(C) Contains blood vessels & nerves (D) and the root canal Filled with pulp(E) Your teeth are alive! Oral Disease Plaque Plaque is the sticky film of bacteria that coat your teeth These bacteria secrete acids as a waste product that can dissolve enamel Cavities Formed when the enamel is dissolved by the acid from the bacteria – These bacteria live on sugars Cavities Cavities must be drilled first and then filled. The deeper they penetrate into the tooth, the more difficult the repair. Plaque Plaque left in place long enough forms tartar Tartar provides a permanent home for harmful bacteria Periodontal disease Plaque accumulates forming tartar A build up of tartar can lead to disease of the teeth or gums: periodontal disease Periodontal disease Bacteria begin the process that creates toxins that destroy bone Periodontal disease Bone that recedes from teeth and does not come back Periodontal disease Tooth loss can occur Dentures Sometimes the damage is so bad, the teeth must be removed. False teeth called dentures will take their place Signs of periodontal disease Persistent bad breath Swollen or shrinking gums Dental problem to avoid at all costs Chewing tobacco Chewing tobacco and your teeth Contains more sugar than candy Chewing tobacco and your teeth Chewing tobacco can lead to: – periodontal disease – cavities – cancer Oral Hygiene How to keep your teeth clean Steps in brushing your teeth Get a soft brush and toothpaste with fluoride – Fluoride helps to harden your enamel Steps in brushing your teeth Start with brush at 45o angle to gums Steps in brushing your teeth Allows bristles to clean under gum line Steps in brushing your teeth Continue with a circular motion over the fronts of each tooth Steps in brushing your teeth Brush all of your teeth! Steps in brushing your teeth Brush inside and back of each tooth Steps in brushing your teeth Brush the chewing surfaces Steps in brushing your teeth Brush your tongue and roof of your mouth Steps in brushing your teeth Brush at least twice a day Flossing your teeth Most cavities and periodontal disease begin inbetween your teeth. Flossing your teeth Flossing removes the plaque and food particles that your tooth brush cannot reach. Steps in flossing your teeth Take out about 18” of floss Steps in flossing your teeth Wrap around middle fingers Steps in flossing your teeth Work in between teeth Steps in flossing your teeth Form a C shape around each tooth Steps in flossing your teeth Move up and down on sides of every tooth Steps in flossing your teeth Gums may bleed at first but will improve as you continue to floss Steps in flossing your teeth Floss at least once a day Good Dental Hygiene Brush teeth at least twice a day Floss your teeth at least once a day See your dentist twice a year You will have – healthy teeth – fresher breath – winning smile