Download Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Mycobacterium
tuberculosis
Klebsiella pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila,
Mycobacterium leprae
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Bacteria
• my·co·bac·te·ri·um
too-bur-kyuh-loh-sis
• Puss-ball-like appearance
• Not gram-stainable
• Acid fast stain
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Tuberculosis
• Opportunistic pathogen
• Is the major contributer to tuberculosis, mostly
effects the lungs but can also affect bones, CNS and
many organs. The contractors immune health is the
largest factor of how strongly they are affected.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Treatment Active
• If you have active TB disease, your doctor will give you
several antibiotics to treat the infection and to help
prevent resistant bacteria from emerging in your body.
You may be taking a combination of antibiotics that may
include isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, or ethambutol
for 6 to 12 months. Because active TB disease can be fatal
if left untreated, regular monitoring and treatment by a
doctor are crucial.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Treatment Resistant
• A form of TB, called multidrug-resistant TB, is caused by
strains of the tuberculosis bacteria that, through mutation, have
developed the ability to resist two or more antibiotic drugs.
Worldwide, almost half a million people develop this form of
TB annually, and about 150,000 die from this disease.
• An even newer form of TB, called extensively drug-resistant
TB, resists almost all TB treatments. Fortunately, this form of
TB is still relatively rare. Most cases of TB are still highly
treatable if the patient follows the full course of antibiotic
treatment.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Pathophysiology
• Bacteria in droplets that bypass the mucociliary
system and reach the alveoli are quickly surrounded
and engulfed by alveolar macrophages. After being
ingested by macrophages, the mycobacteria continue
to multiply slowly,8 with bacterial cell division
occurring every 25 to 32 hours
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Presentation
Coughing for 3 weeks or longer
Weight loss
Poor appetite
Sweating at night
Fever
Chills
Feeling tired or weak
Pain in the chest
Coughing up blood or brown-colored material
Klebsiella pneumoniae
• Gram-negative bacteria
• kleb-zee-el-uh noo-mohn-yuh
• Responsible for a form of
pneumonia
Legionella pneumophila
• lee-juh-nel-uh
pneu-mo-phila
• Gram-negative
• Responsible for
Legionnaires Disease
Mycobacterium leprae
• My-cobac-terium
lep-rae
• Gram-negative
• Responsible for
Hansen’s disease