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Human Systems
Unit 4 – The Movers and Removers
Language Learning Goal
Define:
• Circulatory system
• Blood vessel
• Artery
• Vein
• Capillaries
• Lymph & Lymphatic System
• Excrete & Excretory System
• Bladder
• Urine & Urethra
Content Learning Goal
• We will learn about three systems that
move things through the body and the
organs and parts involved in each system.
The Movers and Removers
• All the cells in our bodies need oxygen
and nutrients. We will learn what organ
systems move these through the body.
• When our cells use oxygen and nutrients,
they make waste products. The waste
has to come out of our bodies. We will
learn how and why our bodies get rid of
waste products.
The Stream of Life
• There is something in your body that moves
around like a river. It flows to every part of
your body and carries things. Do you know
what it is?
Blood
• Blood moves all through our
bodies in blood vessels.
• Blood vessels are part of the
circulatory system.
• The circulatory system moves
oxygen and nutrients through
the body.
Circulatory System
• The heart is a main part of this
system.
• All blood flows from the heart
through big blood vessels called
arteries.
• The blood carries oxygen from
the lungs and nutrients from the
small intestine to the cells. As
blood gets farther from the heart
and closer to the cells, it travels
in smaller and smaller blood
vessels.
Make a Model of a Heart
• ACTIVITY! See Page 120.
• Everyone get ½ cup water, ½ cup flour, one bag
and one straw.
• Put the flour and water in the bag and mix it.
• Put the straw in the bag and get tape to seal the
straw into the bag.
• When you squeeze the bag, the “blood” comes
out of the straw. This is what happens when the
heart pumps.
Circulatory System Continued
• In the tissues, blood flows in very thin, tiny
blood vessels called capillaries.
• Oxygen and blood leave the capillaries
and go to the cells.
• Waste products leave the cells and go to
the capillaries.
• Now, the blood in the capillaries carries
waste products back to bigger blood
vessels called veins. The blood in the
veins flows toward an organ…can you
guess which one?
Your Lymphatic System
• This is another organ system that moves
things through the body.
• “Lymph” is one of the fluids that flow in
your bloodstream.
• When blood goes through the capillaries,
lymph leaks out and flows through the
tissues. It carries things like nutrients to
the cells and also carries things away.
Lymphatic System Continued
• What does the lymphatic system take
away from the cells back into the
bloodstream?
• Yes - Waste products! It also carries away
bacteria and germs.
• As lymph moves through the vessels, it
passes through “lymph nodes”. These
are tiny, round glands that trap and kill
germs and bacteria in the lymph.
Lymph Nodes
• You can sometimes feel your lymph
nodes.
• When you have an infection, they
sometimes swell up because they are full
of germs and bacteria they have trapped.
• See the diagram on Page 121 to locate
the lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels.
Getting Rid of Wastes
• One waste product we learned about last
week was called carbon dioxide. It is what
we breathe out.
• There are other waste products that also
form in our cells. These are salts,
chemicals and water.
• Foods that can’t be digested become
waste products as well.
Wastes Continued
• Waste from our food
forms in our large
intestines in our
digestive systems.
• Our bodies have to
get rid of the wastes
because they are like
poisons. If they stay
in the body, we get
sick and die.
Wastes Continued
• Many organs and organ systems work to
excrete waste products from our bodies.
• The digestive system excretes solid waste from
the large intestine.
• The respiratory system excretes carbon dioxide
when we breathe out.
• The excretory system excretes other waste
products that the cells make.
• Look at the diagram on Page 124 to see this
system.
Your Excretory System
• Salts, chemicals and water are waste products
that our cells make.
• Some of these are excreted through our skin
when we sweat, but most leave the body
through the excretory system.
• The kidneys are a main organ used in the
excretory system.
• Blood is always flowing through the kidneys.
When it does, the kidneys take the waste
products out of the blood.
Excretory System Continued
• When the kidneys take the waste products
out of the blood, they go down the small
tubes (see diagram on page 124) and into
the bladder.
• The bladder holds waste until the body
excretes it. Then the waste passes out of
the body through another small tube called
the urethra. This waste is called urine.
Review
• Complete the review questions #1-5 on
Page 125.