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Date: ________________ Block: 1A 1B 2A 2B 4A 4B Name: _________________________________________ European Exploration of the Americas (1492-1700) ch 2 This chapter discusses the competition among European countries for control of the Americas from 1492-1700. It also describes the conquest of many Native American groups, the culture of Spanish colonies, and the origins of slavery in the Americas. Section 1: Spain Claims an Empire Spain and Portugal argue over the Line of __________________. The Treaty of Tordesillas decides _______________ gets most of eastern South America – present day Brazil. Spain becomes the most powerful country. European countries had 3 main goals during the age of exploration: __________1. Spread Christianity beyond Europe (Missionaries were sent to convert Natives.) __________2. Wanted to expand their empires __________3. Wanted to become rich ____________________________is an economic system, which describes how Europeans enriched their treasuries. Colonies helped them to do this. The colonies’ provided goods or _______________ for the country. They tried to ensure that their imports did not exceed their exports and there was a favorable balance of trade. After Columbus’s first voyage there were many explorers to follow. Amerigo _____________– an Italian, who realized that he did not reach Asia but a new continent and had it named after him by a German mapmaker – America. Vasco Nunez ___ __________ – a Spaniard claimed the Pacific Ocean for Spain. Ferdinand ______________ – a Portuguese sailor, is credited as the first to sail around the world in 1522. 2 Famous Spanish Conquistadors: Hernando ___________ – conquers Aztec empire in Mexico & Defeats Aztec emperor Montezuma in 1519. Francisco ____________– conquers Incas in Peru and defeats Incan emperor Atahualpa in 1531. 4 Reasons for Spanish Victories: 1. Spread of European _________________ kills million of Native Americans 2. Spanish excellent soldiers and have superior __________________ 3. Spain made alliances with Native Americans who were enemies of ___________ & ____________ 4. Spanish ____________________ acted brutally toward the Native Americans under their control Spain then began to explore other parts of North and South America. Hernando ___ __________ set out for ______________. Francisco ___ _____________ traveled through South Western USA. SUMMARY: